https://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Filip&feedformat=atomMageia wiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T06:16:58ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.31.16https://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_9_Development&diff=58622Mageia 9 Development2023-06-01T13:30:10Z<p>Filip: Add more meaningful estimation dates</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Mageia_development]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 9]]<br />
<br />
{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 9 Entwicklung-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia_9_Development|English]] ; [[Mageia 9 Desarrollo|Español]] ; [[Mageia_9_Développement-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia 9 - Desenvolvimento|Portuguese (Portugal)]]}}<br />
<br />
This is the page for Mageia 9 development.<br />
<br />
== Current status ==<br />
<br />
The estimated release dates listed hereafter are '''only indicative''', and are bound to change depending on the progress of fixing release blocker bugs.<br />
<br />
{{Note|We "Release when ready"!}}<br />
<br />
== Development Schedule ==<br />
Use dates following https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601 format to avoid US/GB conflicts :p<br />
<br />
{| style="color:black; cellpadding="5%" cellpadding="5%" cellspacing="0" border="1"<br />
! Stage <br />
! Estimated date <br />
! Public <br />
! Released on<br />
|- <br />
| '''Alpha 1'''<br />
| 2022-09-23<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 2022-11-11<br />
|-<br />
| Versions freeze<br />
| 2022-10-07<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 2023-02-21<br />
|-<br />
| '''Beta 1'''<br />
| 2022-10-07<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 2023-02-23<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 2'''<br />
| 2022-10-21<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 2023-05-24<br />
|- <br />
| Release freeze<br />
| TBD<br />
| QA, packagers, ISO builder<br />
| soft freeze was on before B2<br />
|-<br />
| '''Release Candidate 1'''<br />
| Beta 2 + 2 weeks<br />
| QA, packagers, ISO builder<br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| '''[[Mageia_9_Release_Notes|Final Release]]'''<br />
| Release Candidate 1 + 2 weeks<br />
| anyone<br />
| <br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Technical Specifications ==<br />
<br />
See [[FeatureMageia9_Review| Mageia 9 specifications]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Atelier_Current_apps_%26_sites&diff=56479Atelier Current apps & sites2023-01-08T21:05:14Z<p>Filip: /* Homogeneisation of current apps & sites: status */ added git link for status page</p>
<hr />
<div>= Current apps & sites =<br />
<br />
Get a view of current bugs and issues:<br><br />
[https://bugs.mageia.org/buglist.cgi?cmdtype=dorem&remaction=run&namedcmd=Websites%20bugs&sharer_id=133 Mageia web team bug list].<br />
<br />
== Homogeneisation of current apps & sites: status ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! app or site <br />
! description/role<br />
! documentation<br />
! source<br />
! translation <br />
! alignment <br />
! navbar <br />
! navbar translation<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/ www]<br />
| Main landing site<br />
| [[Website documentation|draft doc]], [[Managing_the_website|doc]]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/ www]<br />
| yes<br />
| mixed center and left <br>(see next table)<br />
| yes (not all: see <br>next table)<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://nav.mageia.org/ mognase]<br />
| Navigation/navbar included in our web sites<br />
| [http://nav.mageia.org/ mognase documentation]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/nav/ nav]<br />
| yes<br />
| both center and left are supported<br />
| not applicable<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://blog.mageia.org/ blog]<br />
| Blogs<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| yes<br />
| centered<br />
| yes, but <br>left aligned<br />
| no (language choice in the page)<br />
|-<br />
|[http://planet.mageia.org/ planet]<br />
| Syndicate blogs<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/planet/ git]<br />
| yes (6 languages)<br />
| centered<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[https://identity.mageia.org/ identity] + [https://identity-trunk.mageia.org/ trunk]<br />
| Users/contributors accounts<br />
| [[Web Identity|doc]]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/identity/ identity]<br />
| yes<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| no<br />
|-<br />
|[https://wiki.mageia.org/en/ wiki]<br />
| Project docs repository<br />
| [[Wiki_and_Documentation|doc]]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/templates/mediawiki/ mediawiki]<br />
| each language is in a separated wiki<br />
| left / full width<br />
| yes<br />
| no (could be useful to reach the EN one)<br />
|-<br />
|[http://forums.mageia.org/ forums]<br />
| Forums<br />
| [[Web Forums|doc]]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/forums/ forums]<br />
| no<br />
| full width<br />
| yes<br />
|no<br />
|-<br />
|[http://ml.mageia.org/ Mailing lists]<br />
| Mailing-lists<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/templates/sympa/ sympa]<br />
| (unreachable right now)<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[http://bugs.mageia.org/ bugzilla]<br />
| Bugs database<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/templates/bugzilla/ bugzilla]<br />
| no<br />
| full width<br />
| yes<br />
| no<br />
|-<br />
|[https://treasurer.mageia.org/ treasurer]<br />
| Treasurer/financial report<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgatres/ git]<br />
| no<br />
| left but should be consistent <br>with main site (centered)<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
|[http://madb.mageia.org/ Mageia App Db (madb)]<br />
| Mageia App Db<br />
| [http://mageia-app-db.tuxette.fr/projects/mageia-app-db/wiki App-db documentation]<br>[[Archive:Web_Maintdb|DEPRECATED version doc]]<br />
| source<br />
| not yet, site could be in the future.<br>Package descriptions is another matter.<br />
| left / full width until <br>approx 1480<br />
| partly<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
| [http://meetbot.mageia.org/ meetbot]<br />
| Meetbot: IRC meeting notes<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
|-<br />
|[http://mirrors.mageia.org/ mirrors]<br />
| List/manage/check mirrors<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgamirrors/ mgamirrors]<br />but it [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12220#c8 seem long w/o rebuild]. Except for [https://mirrors.mageia.org/status status page] which is generated by<br />
[http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/modules/mga-mirrors/files/check_mirrors_status puppet script]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://svnweb.mageia.org/ SVN]<br />
| Web view of SVN <br>(packages only)<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| no (not needed)<br />
| left / full width<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://gitweb.mageia.org/ Git]<br />
| Web view of GIT<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| no (not needed)<br />
| full width<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://pkgsubmit.mageia.org pkgsubmit]<br />
| Buildsystem current status<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/pkgsubmit/ pkgsubmit]<br />
| no (not needed)<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| no<br />
|-<br />
|[http://check.mageia.org/ check]<br />
| Some checks on packages<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/build-system/mga-youri-core/tree/lib/Youri/Check/ Check]<br />
| no (not needed)<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://epoll.mageia.org epoll]<br />
| Online voting<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| yes<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://dashboard.mageia.org/ dashboard]<br />
| Not anymore <s>Regular</s> metrics report<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/generators/dashboard/ git]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://hugs.mageia.org/ hugs]<br />
| Be nice<br />
| [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1043 bug 1043]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/hugs/ hugs]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://people.mageia.org/ people]<br />
| Mageia tool to generate people pages.<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgapeople/ git]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://perl.mageia.org/ perl]<br />
| Number of perl packages (but it seems stuck<br>somewhere in January 2014 as of April 2016)<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[https://advisories.mageia.org/ advisories]<br />
| Advisories<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgaadvisories/ git]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www-test.mageia.org/ www-test]<br />
| Testing site (currently unused)<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
|-<br />
|[https://releases.mageia.org/ releases api]<br />
| Releases api<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/releases/ git]<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
|-<br />
| fidd api<br />
| FIDD (Format ISO Download Data) api<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/about/ about]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/ git]<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
|}<br />
''<br />
TODO: add a column to say if the page/app follows mga graphical charter<br />
''<br />
<br />
=== Particular WWW pages with TODO status ===<br />
Those pages should use navbar and center alignment.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! page <br />
! TODO status<br />
! translation <br />
! alignment <br />
! navbar <br />
! navbar translation<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/fr/charter.html graphic charter]<br />
| needs visual and content update<br />
| no<br />
| center<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/thank-you/ thank you page]<br />
| needs visual (css) fix<br />
| no<br />
| left (a bit odd)<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/en/about/reports/2011/ 2011 report] and [http://www.mageia.org/en/about/reports/2012/ 2012 report]<br />
| both pages should be center aligned<br />
| no<br />
| left (navigation can be centered by adding bolded part to <br />//nav.mageia.org/css/'''?s=Center''' line in [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgatres/tree/tmpl/head.html template] and rebuild)<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/en/about/reports/2010/ 2010 report]<br />
| page should be made translatable?<br />
| no<br />
| center<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/community/ community page]<br />
| page frame too wide<br />
| yes<br />
| center<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/en/1/for-you/ <s>Mageia 1</s> is for you]<br />
| reuse this precious page<br />
| currently on array i18n system <br>can be "upgraded" to gettext with <br>[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/tools/pa2lang.php our tools] and localisation can be reused.<br />
| center<br />
| yes but left<br />
| yes<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Particular WWW pages with NOCHANGE status ===<br />
Leave them as they are.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! page <br />
! NOCHANGE status<br />
! translation <br />
! alignment <br />
! navbar <br />
! navbar translation<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/fr/about/2010-sept-announcement.html 2010-sept-annoucement]<br />
| leave them as they are - <br />as monuments to that era<br />
| partly!<br />
| center <br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/2/ Mageia 2 pages] and <br>[http://www.mageia.org/3/ Mageia 3 pages]<br />
| those releases are EOL<br />
| yes<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[Atelier team|Return to the '''Atelier team'''.]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Org_Council&diff=54961Org Council2022-06-10T15:55:48Z<p>Filip: add 2022 i18n council members</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Org]]<br />
<br />
= Mageia Community Council =<br />
<br />
The Council is made up of elected representatives from each of the Mageia teams.<br />
<br />
The Council holds regular, weekly [[:meetings|meetings]] to review and decide on the project's life.<br />
<br />
Representatives' duties are:<br />
* to report their team activity, feedback and concerns to the Council,<br />
* to report the Council activity to their teams,<br />
* act as a facilitator between their teams when appropriate,<br />
* advocate their team and the project.<br />
<br />
See [[Org|governance doc]] for more details. [[Org_Board|Board members]] may have a consultative (not decisive) voice in Councils.<br />
<br />
The list of council members is also available from ldap [http://people.mageia.org/g/mga-council.html on this page].<br />
<br />
= Council members =<br />
<br />
==2022==<br />
Please update this list when the elections for your team are done!<br />
<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Atelier_team|Atelier]]:<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Lewis Smith (lewyssmith), Marja van Waes (marja)<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]:<br />
* [[Forums team]]:<br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|I18n]]: Yuri Chornoivan (yurchor), Filip Komar (filip)<br />
* [[Packagers]]:<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: David Hodgins (DavidWHodgins), Bill Kenney (wilcal), Thomas J Andrews (TJ)<br />
* [[Packages_Security_Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (luigiwalser), Nicolas Salguero (ns80)<br />
* [[Sysadmin_Team|Sysadmins]]:<br />
<br />
==2021==<br />
<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Atelier_team|Atelier]]:<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Aurelien Oudelet (auroud85), Lewis Smith (lewyssmith)<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Yves Brungard (papoteur)<br />
* [[Forums team]]: Florian Hubold (doktor5000), Karel Roth (isadora), Pascal Vilarem (Maât)<br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|I18n]]: Yuri Chornoivan (yurchor), Filip Komar (filip)<br />
* [[Packagers]]: Nicolas Lécureuil (neoclust), Neal Gompa (ngompa)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: David Hodgins (DavidWHodgins), Bill Kenney (wilcal), Thomas J Andrews (TJ)<br />
* [[Packages_Security_Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (luigiwalser)<br />
* [[Sysadmin_Team|Sysadmins]]:Pascal Vilarem (Maât)<br />
<br />
==2020==<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Atelier_team|Atelier]]: Donald Stewart (Schultz), Filip Komar (filip)<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Lewis Smith (lewyssmith)<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Yves Brungard (papoteur)<br />
* [[Forums team]]: Florian Hubold (doktor5000), Karel Roth (isadora), Pascal Vilarem (Maât)<br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|I18n]]: Yuri Chornoivan (yurchor), Filip Komar (filip)<br />
* [[Packagers]]: Nicolas Lécureuil (neoclust), Neal Gompa (ngompa)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: David Hodgins (DavidWHodgins), Bill Kenney (wilcal), Thomas J Andrews (TJ)<br />
* [[Packages_Security_Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (luigiwalser)<br />
* [[Sysadmin_Team|Sysadmins]]: Pascal Vilarem (Maât)<br />
<br />
==2018==<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Atelier_team|Atelier]]: Donald Stewart (Schultz), Filip Komar (filip),<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Marja van Waes (marja), Samuel Verschelde (stormi),<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Yves Brungard (papoteur), A.M. Desmottes (lebarhon),<br />
* [[Forums team]]: Florian Hubold (doktor5000), isadora (isadora), Pascal Vilarem (Maât)<br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|I18n]]: Yuri Chornoivan (yurchor),<br />
* [[Packagers]]: Neal Gompa (ngompa), Nicolas Lécureuil (neoclust)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: David Hodgins (DavidWHodgins), Bill Kenney (wilcal), Thomas J Andrews (TJ)<br />
* [[Packages_Security_Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (luigiwalser)<br />
* [[Sysadmin_Team|Sysadmins]]: Pascal Vilarem (Maât)<br />
<br />
==2017==<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Atelier_team|Atelier]]: Donald Stewart (Schultz), Filip Komar (filip), <br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Marja van Waes (marja), Samuel Verschelde (stormi),<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Yves Brungard (papoteur), A.M. Desmottes (lebarhon),<br />
* [[Forums team]]: Florian Hubold (doktor5000), Pascal Vilarem (Maât), isadora (isadora), <br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|I18n]]: Marc Lattemann (latte), Yuri Chornoivan (yurchor),<br />
* [[Packagers]]: Anne Nicolas (ennael), Rémi Verschelde (Akien)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: David Hodgins (DavidWHodgins), Bill Kenney (wilcal), Len Lawrence (tarazed)<br />
* [[Packages_Security_Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (luigiwalser)<br />
* [[Sysadmin_Team|Sysadmins]]: Thomas Backlund (tmb), Colin Guthrie (coling),<br />
<br />
==2016==<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Atelier_team|Atelier]]: Donald Stewart (Schultz), Antoine Dumondel (admel)<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Samuel Verschelde (stormi), Marja van Waes (marja)<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Yves Brungard (papoteur), A.M. Desmottes (lebarhon)<br />
* [[Forums team]]: Pascal Vilarem (Maât), Florian Hubold (doktor5000), isadora (isadora) <br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|I18n]] (election pending): ''Ad interim'': Marc Lattemann (latte), Rémi Verschelde (Akien)<br />
* [[Packagers]] (election pending): ''Ad interim'': Anne Nicolas (ennael), Rémi Verschelde (Akien)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: Claire Robinson (MrsB), David Hodgins (DavidWHodgins), Lewys Smith (Lewis - deputy leader, but not council representative), <br />
: 3rd QA council representative: Bill Kenney (wilcal)<br />
* [[Packages_Security_Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (luigiwalser)<br />
* [[Sysadmin_Team|Sysadmins]] (election pending): ''Ad interim'': Colin Guthrie (coling), Thomas Backlund (tmb)<br />
<br />
==2015==<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Atelier_team|Atelier]]: Donald Stewart (Schultz), Sebastian (sebsebseb)<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Manuel Hiebel (leuhmanu), Samuel Verschelde (stormi), Marja van Waes (marja)<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Yves Brungard (papoteur), A.M. Desmottes (lebarhon)<br />
* [[Forums team]]: Pascal Vilarem (Maât), Florian Hubold (doktor5000), isadora (isadora)<br />
* [[Local Communities Team]]: Otto Sá (otto), Oliver Burger (obgr_seneca)<br />
* [[Packagers_Team_portal|Packagers]]: Anne Nicolas (ennael), Rémi Verschelde (Akien)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: Claire Robinson (MrsB), David Hodgins (DavidWHodgins), Bill Kenney (wilcal)<br />
* [[Packages Security Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (luigiwalser)<br />
* [[Sysadmin Team]]: Colin Guthrie (colin) <br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|Translators (aka i18n/l10n)]]: Marc Lattemann (latte), Rémi Verschelde (Akien) (ad interim)<br />
<br />
==2014==<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Atelier_team|Atelier]], formerly Webteam, Marcom and Artwork: Patricia Fraser [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/User:Trishf42 trish42], Donald Stewart (Schultz)<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Manuel Hiebel (leuhmanu), Remco Rijnders (remmy)<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Yves Brungard (papoteur), A.M. Desmottes (lebarhon)<br />
* [[Forums team]]: Pascal Vilarem (Maât), Florian Hubold (doktor5000), isadora (isadora)<br />
* [[Packagers_Team_portal|Packagers]]: Anne Nicolas (ennael), Malo Deniélou (malo)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: Claire Robinson (MrsB), David Hodgins (DavidWHodgins), Bill Kenney (wilcal)<br />
* [[Packages Security Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (Luigi12)<br />
* [[Sysadmin Team]]: Thomas Backlund (tmb)<br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|Translators (aka i18n/l10n)]]: Rémi Verschelde (Akien), Filip Komar (filip)<br />
<br />
==2013==<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Atelier_team|Atelier]], formerly Webteam, Marcom and Artwork: Patricia Fraser [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/User:Trishf42 trish42], Donald Stewart (Schultz)<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Manuel Hiebel (leuhmanu), Remco Rijnders (remmy)<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Marja van Waes (marja), Oliver Burger (obgr_seneca - ''until November 13''), Yves Brungard (papoteur - ''as of November 26'') <br />
* [[Forums team]]: Pascal Vilarem (Maât), Florian Hubold (doktor5000), isadora (isadora)<br />
* [[Packagers_Team_portal|Packagers]]: Anne Nicolas (ennael), Malo Deniélou (malo), Philippe Makowski (philippem)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: Claire Robinson (MrsB), David Hodgins (DavidWHodgins)<br />
* [[Packages Security Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (Luigi12)<br />
* [[Sysadmin Team]]: Thomas Backlund (tmb), Nicolas Vigier (boklm)<br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|Translators (aka i18n/l10n)]]: Oliver Burger (obgr_seneca - ''until November 13''), Rémi Verschelde (Akien),<br />
:Filip Komar (filip - ''as of November 18''), Yuri Chornoivan (yurchor - ''as of November 18'')<br />
<br />
==2012==<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Artwork team|Artwork]]: Max Quarterpleen (max)<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Manuel Hiebel (leuhmanu), Marja van Waes (marja)<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Marja van Waes (marja), Oliver Burger (obgr_seneca)<br />
* [[Forums team]]: Pascal Vilarem (Maât)<br />
* [[Marcom_Team|Marketing and Communications]]: Patricia Fraser (trishf42), Sebastian (sebsebseb)<br />
* [[Packagers_Team_portal|Packagers]]: Anne Nicolas (ennael), Guillaume Rousse (guillomovitch)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: Claire Robinson (MrsB), deputy Samuel Verschelde (stormi)<br />
* [[Packages Security Team|Security Team]]: David Walser (Luigi12)<br />
* [[Sysadmin Team]]: Thomas Backlund (tmb), Nicolas Vigier (boklm)<br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|Translators (aka i18n)]]: Oliver Burger (obgr_seneca), deputy Rémi Verschelde (Akien)<br />
* [[Web team|Web]]: Romain d'Alverny (rda), deputy Oliver Burger (obgr_seneca)<br />
<br />
==2011==<br />
Teams' representatives:<br />
* [[Artwork team|Artwork]]: Thorsten van Lil (TeaAge)<br />
* [[Bug_Squad_Portal|Bug Squad]]: Manuel Hiebel (leuhmanu),<br />
* [[Documentation team|Documentation]]: Oliver Burger (obgr_seneca) - provisional<br />
* [[Marcom_Team|Marketing and Communications]]: Patricia Fraser (trishf42)<br />
* [[Packagers_Team_portal|Packagers]]: Anne Nicolas (ennael), deputy Michael Scherer (misc)<br />
* [[QA_Team|QA]]: Damien Lallement (damsweb), deputy Samuel Verschelde (stormi)<br />
* [[Internationalisation_Team_(i18n)|Translators(aka i18n)]]: Oliver Burger (obgr_seneca), deputy Rémi Verschelde (Akien)<br />
* [[Web team|Web]]: Romain d'Alverny (rda), deputy Oliver Burger (obgr_seneca)<br />
<br />
<br />
Teams without a representative as of now:<br />
* [[Developers_team|Developers]]: ?<br />
* [[Web_Forums|Forums]]: ?<br />
* [[Mailing_lists|mls]]: ?<br />
* [[Users Community team|Users, Local Communities]]: ?<br />
<br />
To solve:<br />
* temporarily: how do we manage votes from people that wear several hats? (a vote is supposed to represent the team's choice, not the representative's)<br />
** one vote per team (rep has to represent the team, not voice his/her own personal opinion); one vote per person of the board (person expresses his/her own opinion). This may result in one person giving multiple different votes (his own as board member, one for team1, one for team2, etc.). --- ''[mailto:molch.b@googlemail.com Wolfgang Bornath] 2011/03/07 22:20''<br />
** perhaps there could be an email address for each position of board, treasurer@ , president, somethingiforgot@, and backup1@, backup2@, backup3@ etc ... which could be a group or alias to another; then that email can be used with identity to manage this and also votes.<br />
* team representation: for the time being, all teams not being totally set up, representatives are not yet named; feel free to activate your team about it!</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Talk:Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=53365Talk:Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2022-01-02T19:34:20Z<p>Filip: Sort of answer to the network install image.</p>
<hr />
<div>Just wondering: is there a network install ISO image for ARM processor port of Mageia?<br />
<br />
AFAIK there is no such public image. The closest image is Mageia-8-rpi-aarch64-noDE from [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ from our mirrors].</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Managing_the_website&diff=52095Managing the website2021-07-25T17:09:02Z<p>Filip: /* Git memento */ Applying and reverting patches</p>
<hr />
<div>= Read this first =<br />
<br />
The website (www.mageia.org) does not depend on a particular framework. It has evolved from scratch from the early first pages. While it may be useful (and perhaps even necessary) to migrate this very www.m.o to a more structured, documented and maintained foundation, one must first understand [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Atelier_Webteam#Current_apps_.26_sites the whole set of websites], how they relate to each other, how their management differs and how they can be unified somehow through a common top navigation scheme and identity.<br />
<br />
It is very slow, ongoing work: improving the existing code, that does not disrupt, but improves on the existing management of the site, codenamed Pinq. It may, or not, be a good path to follow.<br />
<br />
You might want to check [[Website documentation]] and [[Atelier Webteam]] too.<br />
<br />
= Structure of the website =<br />
<br />
== Code & config ==<br />
<br />
You can check out the code from:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] clone mga:web/www<br />
<br />
The _nav folder is now a submodule, so after cloning change into the www folder and run:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] submodule update --init<br />
<br />
Config is done in:<br />
<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/manifests/init.pp<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_www.conf<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_static.conf<br />
<br />
== Where should new content go ==<br />
<br />
In '''en/path-to-your-content'''. And please [[#How_to_create.2Fedit_translatable_content_for_the_website|regenerate translatable content for the website]] too.<br />
<br />
== Organization: (too) many directories ==<br />
<br />
* '''root redirection''' ones: 1, 2, 3, community, about, contribute, donate, downloads, map, migrate, support: they are there only to redirect to the same directory, in the right locale. For instance, HTTP GET http://mageia.org/about/ with Spanish as a preferred language will redirect you to http://mageia.org/es/about/ => can be improved with a redirection rule in the .htaccess<br />
* '''locale-based''' ones: en, fr, es, ru, etc. Contain locale-specific content. Actually, now, the main content is written and localized in the en/ one. All other contain (or must contain) symbolic links to their English equivalent except for really locale-specific content, which translation is better managed by a totally separate document.<br />
* '''g''': stores all site static assets: stylesheets, javascript, images.<br />
* '''langs''': stores all localization stuff<br />
<br />
* '''_nav''': local copy of [https://nav.mageia.org/ nav.mageia.org] code<br />
* '''lib''': contains various libraries<br />
* '''var''': technical area<br />
* '''tools''': various scripts to manage some contents on the site<br />
<br />
* '''langs.inc.php''': defines managed locales, redirections and i18n utilities<br />
* '''langs.php''': (very misnamed legacy) a kind of a first include to call before all pages<br />
* '''app.php''', '''apps''', '''lib/pinq''': part of a future change in how the website is served (let's tag this as #Pinq as it is the prefix for the related code)<br />
* '''en/downloads''', '''lib/Downloads.php''', '''lib/cached.list.php''', '''lib/mga_geoip.php''', '''lib/maxmind''' are related to the downloads pages on the site<br />
<br />
= Code Style Tips =<br />
<br />
== Local Links ==<br />
<br />
Please use relative local links that are i18n friendly. Use of hreflang="en" is not preferable in this case as users expect next web page in the same language anyway.<br />
<br />
YES: <code><a href="../donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></code><br />
<br />
NO: <code><del><a href="/en/donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></del></code><br />
<br />
== Wiki Links ==<br />
<br />
One suggestion for Wiki links: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Release notes</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Another possibility: <code><nowiki><li><?php _g('<a href="%s">Release notes</a>', array('https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes'))?></li></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Example of translation for both cases in French: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
or, when that wiki page is translated: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_:_Notes_de_Version_-_FR">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<br />
Please use both tags and make them translatable for alt and title in <img> tag like:<br />
<br />
<code><img src="/g/media/covers/3/Mga3_Live_DVD_64_KDE.png" alt="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>" title="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>"></code><br />
<br />
== i18n helpers ==<br />
<br />
=== _r() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''capture''' a translated string with sprintf() for example.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_t()</code> and <code>_d()</code> but does not append space by default. <br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
/**<br />
* Returns a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* it can append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Note that it trims {ok} for translations equal to original too.<br />
*<br />
* Use it when you need to capture the string to output.<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
* echo _r("Hello!", ' ') . _r("How are you?")<br />
* which should return translated: Hello! How are you?<br />
*<br />
* change order of placeholders<br />
* sprintf(_r('<a href=%1$s>Mageia %2$s</a> updated to %3$s.'), '"../8/"', '8', _r('8.1'))<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param string $sufix append (usually space)<br />
*<br />
* @return string translated to current locale<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
=== _g() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''print''' a translated string or a string wrapped into a HTML element.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_e()</code> and <code>_h()</code> but does not append space by default. It also doesn't add <nowiki><p></nowiki> tag by default as <code>_h()</code> does.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
/**<br />
* Higher level function for _r() to echo a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* used also to wrap the translation with HTML tags<br />
* it can also append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
*_g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation<br />
*<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %d!', array(5), 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* OR for only one member of array:<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %s!', 5, 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* will both echo blue link<br />
*<br />
* _g("Hey there.", null, ' '); _g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation: Hey there. How are you?<br />
*<br />
* Return boolean.<br />
* Do not exit the process.<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param array OR string $args for vsprintf/sprintf<br />
* @param string $tag_or_space HTML tag or space to append<br />
*<br />
* @return null<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
= Website and Internationalisation (i18n) =<br />
<br />
The translation of Mageia's website is now managed through templates called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext gettext PO] files. A comprehensive guide to the structure of PO files can be found in [http://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html the official GNU Gettext manual].<br />
The following sections will explain how to create/edit content for the website that can be localised, how to generate the gettext PO files using our scripts, and how to adapt the website for a new locale. Convenient report about i18n progress is available [http://www.mageia.org/langs/report.php here].<br />
<br />
== How to add a new locale to the website ==<br />
<br />
Say your new locale is named LOCALE and has the code LL.<br />
<br />
Required:<br />
* add LL and LOCALE to <code>$langs</code> in <code>/_nav/lib.php</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/_nav/lib.php?id=052f3de401d8859df615c8f92fb2fc7ff5ccc98d Albanian language]).<br />
* create an LL directory for it at the root of the website; add symbolic links inside it. A quick solution is to copy an existing locale (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=941e7a16ef434e310cafb50789f9472048edc6a1 Indonesian ]).<br />
* create a directory structure <code>langs/LL</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=99aa17ac98e36ed19808967c0f2cf0e05751e847 Indonesian ]) or copy it from transifex in CLI: <code>tx pull -l LL</code>. Note that you need to <code>cd into ./langs</code> first.<br />
<br />
= How to create/edit translatable content for the website =<br />
<br />
Example of a procedure (CLI commands are executed from your local already cloned git root of www.mageia.org):<br />
* Refresh from [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/ git].<br />
git pull<br />
* Modify all pages you need for that change. Use suitable [[#i18n_helpers| string helpers]] in each particular case.<br />
* Run [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script] (''msgmerge'' & ''polib'' tools are needed, it's rpms: ''gettext'' ''python-polib'') to recreate all gettext catalogs. Repair errors reported from the script if any. Note that you need to restore target pot file(s) before you can rebuild it/them.<br />
urpmi gettext python-polib # install them as root if needed (only once)<br />
./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh # if you need to rebuild the target file first run git checkout langs/en/target.pot<br />
* Check the success of the script locally in the non English language if you know any.<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|Commit and push]] to git.<br />
git commit -m "page mga 5"<br />
git push<br />
* Please check the success of target page(s) on [https://www.mageia.org www.mageia.org] too! Note that commit doesn't come live instantly but within 5 minutes.<br />
* It's nice to translators if you push changed pot files directly to Transifex (cauldron in this example)<br />
tx push --source --resource=mageia.page-cauldron<br />
tx push --translations --language=your_language_code --resource=mageia.page-cauldron # if you want to push your language also<br />
<br />
= Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) =<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/get/definitions.ini' which contains info about file that can be downloaded via mirror<br />
:* to complete this you could use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/ fidd]. It will create a text.ini that can be copied & pasted to the previous one<br />
:* update netinstall for cauldron iso name (optionally md5 - sha1sum and others too {)<br />
<br />
*Adding directories and copy files from old ones<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
mkdir 7<br />
cp 6/* 7/<br />
./tools/create_new_release_link.sh<br />
<br />
*update 'en/$version/download_index.php' <br />
:* $release set the release (alpha1/beta2/rc)<br />
:* $torrentavailable is a boolean, if torrents are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $classical is a boolean, if classical install are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $live is a boolean, if LiveCD/DVDs are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $dual is a boolean, if DualArch iso is available set it to true, if not to false<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/alternative/index.php'<br />
:* refresh $current and $cauldron variables<br />
<br />
*update cached mirror list if needed 'lib/cached.list.php'<br />
:* in the file 'lib/Downloads.php line 180 "$test_file = $item['url'].'/iso/5/torrents/Mageia-5-LiveDVD-KDE4-x86_64-DVD.torrent';" updates the file to have last inside repo:<br />
:* run php tools/update-mirrors-list.php<br />
:* it will update [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib all cached.lists] especially cached.list.php which has all mirrors (taken from [http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.5.i586.list api from mirror.mageia.org]) that have the specified file, and removing others without it<br />
<br />
*update also other web pages connected with the release of a new version:<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/ http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/support/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/support/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/map/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/map/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/timeline/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/timeline/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/about/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/about/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/4/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/4/] (release version - 1 page)<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/5/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/5/] (release version page)<br />
<br />
*refresh i18n<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
:* copy modified following line to tools/web_projects.dat<br />
resources[7]="en/7/download_index.php en/7/nav.php en/7/index.php"<br />
:* run ./tools/move_i1n8n_release.sh to create l10n files for translators<br />
:* Run ./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script<br />
:* add release to langs/.tx/config file<br />
<br />
= doc.mageia.org =<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding pdf and epub files for download ==<br />
<br />
* ftp part - semiautomated way<br />
:* Adjust release, pdf_dir and epub_dir variables in [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/doc/tree/mageia_doc_binaries.sh script].<br />
:* Run it with ./path/to/script/mageia_doc_binaries.sh "/mirror/dir_name/" "/local_git/dir_name/"<br />
:* Manually add and modify output to [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
:* recheck [http://gitweb.mageia.org/artwork/general/tree/doc_binaries_for_website git] result and push it<br />
:* ask sysadmins nicely to copy from there to [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/doc/ mirrors]<br />
<br />
* ftp part - manual way<br />
:* Prepare local directory structure like [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/people/marcom/ existing one].<br />
:* Copy the files inside with the proper names (''./doc/mgaXX/pdf|epub/installer|mcc|draklive/MageiaXX-DrakX|MCC-lang.pdf|epub''). Directory structure and filenames must be like that so that DL works.<br />
:* Add date.txt file (suggestion: echo Mageia XX > date.txt && LC_ALL=C date >> date.txt) in the ''./doc/mgaXX/'' so the mirrors can be checked later.<br />
:* Now upload all of them to the marcom ftp space.<br />
:* Allow the mirrors at least a few hours to propagate the files.<br />
* www.mageia.org part<br />
:* First [[#Updating working mirrors caching lists|update mirrors list files]] as shown bellow.<br />
:* Add/modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/doc/index.php ''./en/doc/index.php''] to include links [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/en/doc/index.php?id=62ae825edfd34c1dedc76cb9e556c80391f317c5 like before]. Use appropriate names and dash as a separator.<br />
:* Manually modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding html documentation files and pictures ==<br />
<br />
# download an archive from docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/<manual>/<language>/ (you can use script [https://gitweb.mageia.org/web/doc/tree/ autodownload.py] for that or a wget command; for aexample: wget --directory-prefix=./draklive/ --timestamping --no-host-directories --recursive --no-directories --no-parent --accept zip http://docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/draklive/)<br />
# store it anywhere else than your git clone of the documentation repository<br />
# make sure your git clone is up to date and has no uncommitted changes<br />
# in a terminal go into your git clone root and run:<br />
#: ''python3 update_manual.py <manual_name> <release> <language> <archive_path_and_name>''<br />
#; '''this script should:'''<br />
#* check for differences between your git clone for this manual in this release and language,<br />
#* unzip the archive in your git clone,<br />
#* move the common folder if it's an English manual, remove it if not,<br />
#* fix the links to the common folder in the html files,<br />
#* fix the links of missing images (add link to EN ones)<br />
#* and execute the "git add" and "git rm" commands.<br />
# check locally that the manual seems fine<br />
# run git commit to store this new version<br />
# go back to step 1 for the next archive<br />
# git push at the end<br />
<br />
For each manual/release, English should be done first.<br />
<br />
= Git memento =<br />
<br />
== Navigation bar ==<br />
<br />
Inside git, the repository of nav bar is a bit particular. Previously on the svn, there were<br />
two of them. One in web/www/_nav and the other in web/nav. Since the conversion to git, _nav is now a <br />
sub-module, so the previous way to do this has changed.<br />
<br />
When you check out a fresh clone you will need to initialize the nav submodule from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git submodule update --init <br />
<br />
If content changes in the master repository nav folder, you will need to update your clone to reflect the changes:<br />
git submodule update<br />
<br />
Once that is done, change into the _nav folder and pull in any changes there (assuming you're already in the clone's www folder):<br />
cd _nav<br />
git checkout master<br />
git pull<br />
<br />
Now you can edit any files in _nav. <br />
<br />
After making changes, commit and push your changes to the nav submodule, then go back to the www folder:<br />
git commit<br />
git push<br />
cd ..<br />
<br />
Finish committing and push from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git add _nav<br />
git commit -m "Update _nav submodule to latest git" _nav<br />
git show<br />
git push<br />
<br />
:"''This feels wrong as you're adding a folder, but really you're telling www git repo to'' '''add''' ''a reference to the current master commit of the'' '''nav''' ''git repo.''" -- comment from Colin<br />
<br />
If you only need to sync your clone with the latest nav submodule:<br />
git submodule update && cd _nav && git checkout master && git pull && cd ..<br />
<br />
<br />
== Applying and reverting patches ==<br />
<br />
Apply with:<br />
git am 0001-Name-of-the.patch<br />
In my case for currently unknown reason I had to replace<br />
diff --git en/page/index.php en/page/index.php<br />
with<br />
diff --git a/en/page/index.php b/en/page/index.php<br />
and<br />
--- en/page/index.php<br />
+++ en/page/index.php<br />
with<br />
--- a/en/page/index.php<br />
+++ b/en/page/index.php<br />
otherwise I got errors when applying.<br />
<br />
In that case revert last patch with error:<br />
git am --abort<br />
<br />
= Updating working mirrors caching lists =<br />
:* Use ''php ./tools/update-mirrors-list.php'' in CLI from the git clone root location to update and then push [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list.php''./lib/cached.list.php''], [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_doc.php''./lib/cached.list_doc.php''] and [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''./lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''] mirrors list files.<br />
<br />
= Options for deleting feed and navigation cache =<br />
<br />
Option for deleting feed cache if blog posts are not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_feed_cache=1<br />
<br />
Option for deleting navigation cache if pages in one language are blank or not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_nav_cache=1<br />
<br />
= Testing tools =<br />
<br />
== TODO ==<br />
<br />
Improve and document tools:<br />
[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/README.md fidd]<br />
php lib/t/00_downloads.t<br />
php lib/t/01_mga_geoip.t<br />
php lib/t/02_downloads_definitions.t<br />
php lib/t/03_lang_redirection.t<br />
<br />
[[Atelier team|Return to the '''Atelier team'''.]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Atelier]]<br />
[[Category:Doc]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51906Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-05-24T16:54:20Z<p>Filip: /* Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board */ extract images if needed</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card. Note that you need to extract it first if your tool doesn't support compressed images.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or command line interface aka CLI if that was your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC (see [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ documentation] and in CLI too (see [[#changing_repositories|bellow]]).<br />
<br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features are not yet tested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions.<br><br />
Install and tests were started with [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ Mageia-8-rpi-aarch64-noDE.img.gz image]. Be brave and contribute your helpfull experience.}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, and 1 are currently unsupported due to older (ARMv6) architecture. But [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] can build image for Raspberry Pi 2 (32 bit), Raspberry Pi 3 (32 bit or 64 bit) and even Compute Module other than 1.<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here] and even build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Other ARM boards =<br />
More experienced can use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] to build generic aarch64 image.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= First boot =<br />
<br />
== Image without Desktop Environment aka command line interface ==<br />
* login name for first boot is root, new password is required<br />
* Workaround for <span id="changing_repositories">changing the repositories in CLI</span> (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}}<br />
* After you have properly set desired Mageia version (8 in our case) in repositories it's time to refresh the latest packages lists, add your language, set your locale and keyboard and of course add nonroot users.<br />
{{root console|urpmi.update -a # refresh or even better<br><br />
urpmi.update -a && urpmi --auto-select # refresh and udate<br><br />
urpmi drakconf draklocale # add important parts of mcc<br><br />
urpmi locales-sl # add your locale if non English, note that Slovenian one is just an example. use <Tab> autocompletion if you don't remember exactly (not strange as there are more than 180).<br><br />
draklocale # setup your language<br><br />
drakconf # and tune your keyboard layout and add a nonroot user<br><br />
hostnamectl set-hostname your_desired_hostname # change default hostname rpi-aarch64 if you wish or need<br />
}}<br />
* You can install Desktop Environment (GUI aplication can come handy even in headless configuration)<br />
{{root console|urpmi task-xfce # for example or slightly thinner task-xfce-minimal<br><br />
startx # or startxfce4}}<br />
<br />
== Image with Desktop Environment ==<br />
<br />
If you use your ARM board with monitor or TV everything should work the same as in your ordinary computer. There's also [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ nice documentation] available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51900Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-05-22T18:38:03Z<p>Filip: /* Older Raspberry boards */ more correct armv6 info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or command line interface aka CLI if that was your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC (see [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ documentation] and in CLI too (see [[#changing_repositories|bellow]]).<br />
<br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features are not yet tested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions.<br><br />
Install and tests were started with [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ Mageia-8-rpi-aarch64-noDE.img.gz image]. Be brave and contribute your helpfull experience.}} <br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, and 1 are currently unsupported due to older (ARMv6) architecture. But [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] can build image for Raspberry Pi 2 (32 bit), Raspberry Pi 3 (32 bit or 64 bit) and even Compute Module other than 1.<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here] and even build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Other ARM boards =<br />
More experienced can use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] to build generic aarch64 image.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= First boot =<br />
<br />
== Image without Desktop Environment aka command line interface ==<br />
* login name for first boot is root, new password is required<br />
* Workaround for <span id="changing_repositories">changing the repositories in CLI</span> (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}}<br />
* After you have properly set desired Mageia version (8 in our case) in repositories it's time to refresh the latest packages lists, add your language, set your locale and keyboard and of course add nonroot users.<br />
{{root console|urpmi.update -a # refresh or even better<br><br />
urpmi.update -a && urpmi --auto-select # refresh and udate<br><br />
urpmi drakconf draklocale # add important parts of mcc<br><br />
urpmi locales-sl # add your locale if non English, note that Slovenian one is just an example. use <Tab> autocompletion if you don't remember exactly (not strange as there are more than 180).<br><br />
draklocale # setup your language<br><br />
drakconf # and tune your keyboard layout and add a nonroot user<br><br />
hostnamectl set-hostname your_desired_hostname # change default hostname rpi-aarch64 if you wish or need<br />
}}<br />
* You can install Desktop Environment (GUI aplication can come handy even in headless configuration)<br />
{{root console|urpmi task-xfce # for example or slightly thinner task-xfce-minimal<br><br />
startx # or startxfce4}}<br />
<br />
== Image with Desktop Environment ==<br />
<br />
If you use your ARM board with monitor or TV everything should work the same as in your ordinary computer. There's also [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ nice documentation] available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51896Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-05-20T20:37:20Z<p>Filip: /* Image without Desktop Environment aka command line interface */ small typos</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or command line interface aka CLI if that was your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC (see [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ documentation] and in CLI too (see [[#changing_repositories|bellow]]).<br />
<br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features are not yet tested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions.<br><br />
Install and tests were started with [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ Mageia-8-rpi-aarch64-noDE.img.gz image]. Be brave and contribute your helpfull experience.}} <br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, 1 and 2 are 32 bit only so currently unsupported. But [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] can build them for Raspberry Pi 2 32 bit and for Raspberry Pi 3 even 64 bit.<br />
<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here] and even build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Other ARM boards =<br />
More experienced can use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] to build generic aarch64 image.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= First boot =<br />
<br />
== Image without Desktop Environment aka command line interface ==<br />
* login name for first boot is root, new password is required<br />
* Workaround for <span id="changing_repositories">changing the repositories in CLI</span> (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}}<br />
* After you have properly set desired Mageia version (8 in our case) in repositories it's time to refresh the latest packages lists, add your language, set your locale and keyboard and of course add nonroot users.<br />
{{root console|urpmi.update -a # refresh or even better<br><br />
urpmi.update -a && urpmi --auto-select # refresh and udate<br><br />
urpmi drakconf draklocale # add important parts of mcc<br><br />
urpmi locales-sl # add your locale if non English, note that Slovenian one is just an example. use <Tab> autocompletion if you don't remember exactly (not strange as there are more than 180).<br><br />
draklocale # setup your language<br><br />
drakconf # and tune your keyboard layout and add a nonroot user<br><br />
hostnamectl set-hostname your_desired_hostname # change default hostname rpi-aarch64 if you wish or need<br />
}}<br />
* You can install Desktop Environment (GUI aplication can come handy even in headless configuration)<br />
{{root console|urpmi task-xfce # for example or slightly thinner task-xfce-minimal<br><br />
startx # or startxfce4}}<br />
<br />
== Image with Desktop Environment ==<br />
<br />
If you use your ARM board with monitor or TV everything should work the same as in your ordinary computer. There's also [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ nice documentation] available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Notas_sobre_Mageia_8&diff=51894Notas sobre Mageia 82021-05-19T13:21:11Z<p>Filip: /* Mediante mgaonline (interfaz gráfica)) */ link fix 2</p>
<hr />
<div><!-- '''This information is available in other languages''':<br /><br />
* [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]]<br />
<br />
disable this so it's not in release note of isos medias--><br />
{{multi language banner-es|[[Mageia 8 Veröffentlichungshinweise-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]] ; [[Notas_sobre_Mageia_8|Español]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notes_de_version-fr|Français]] ; ; [[Mageia 8 note di rilascio-it|Italiano]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notas_da_Versão_pt-PT|Portuguese (Portugal)]] }}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Introducción =<br />
<br />
Mageia es un Sistema Operativo Libre de la familia GNU/Linux que puede usarse, bien como sistema operativo principal, o bien como un sistema alternativo junto a otros instalados en su ordenador (''arranque dual''). Se trata de un proyecto comunitario apoyado por la organización sin fines de lucro Mageia.Org de contribuyentes electos. Mageia está desarrollado '' por '' y '' para '' su comunidad y es adecuado para todo tipo de usuarios, desde aquellos que recién comienzan con GNU/Linux hasta quienes son programadores experimentados o administradores de sistemas.<br />
<br />
La última versión estable del proyecto Mageia, Mageia 8, comenzó su desarrollo hace más de un año. Tendrá soporte con actualizaciones de seguridad y corrección de fallos durante 18 meses, hasta Octubre del 2022.<br />
<br />
== Medios de instalación disponibles ==<br />
<br />
Mageia cuenta con tres medios de instalación distintos:<br />
<br />
* Las '''ISOs Clásicas''' (DVD 32-bit, DVD 64-bit), que hacen uso del [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/index.html instalador tradicional DrakX]. Las versiones ISO DVD de 32-bit y 64-bit contienen todas las configuraciones regionales, una gran variedad de paquetes entre los cuales elegir (incluidos los entornos de escritorio con mayor integración) y '''todos los controladores no-libres'''. El uso de paquetes no libres puede ser deshabilitado durante la instalación. <br />
<br />
Recuerde que por decisión, el instalador clásico no utilizara controladores propietarios durante la instalación, así que necesitara conexión por cable Ethernet si desea utilizar los repositorios remotos durante la instalación.<br />
<br />
* '''ISOs de instalación por red''' (32 y 64 bit, en versiones free y nonfree), tienen un tamaño mínimo y solo contienen la [[#Stage_1|primer etapa del instalador]], la cual incluye el soporte de hardware necesario para arrancar, conectar a una red y descargar la etapa 2. Puede necesitar la versión para los controladores necesarios para algunas tarjetas inalambricas. De ahí en adelante se comporta como una imagen de instalación clásica con la excepción de que obtiene todo desde la red, ya sea desde Mageia o posiblemente algún repositorio local. ''Nota: Es una buena idea hacer una instalación mínima y posteriormente instalar el resto desde el sistema ya instalado - especialmente durante la etapa de desarrollo de Mageia (alpha, beta, RC) donde los paquetes y especialmente los archivos que los enlistan cambian con frecuencia. Nota: Estas imagenes no estan adaptadas para iniciar en EFI 32-bit .''<br />
<br />
* Las '''ISOs Live''', que pueden usarse para probar la distribución, permiten la instalación de Mageia en el disco duro<!--are an installation alternative to place Mageia on your hard drive.-->. Los DVDs Live vienen con los entornos de escritorio Plasma (64 bits), GNOME (64 bits) o Xfce (32 o 64 bits). Incluyen todas las configuraciones regionales compatibles y una preselección de software, convirtiéndolos en una vía rápida para empezar a trabajar con Mageia. Añadimos la opción de ''[[Metodos_de_instalaci%C3%B3n#Partici.C3.B3n_persistente_en_memorias_USBs|persistencia]]'' que permite crear una partición (que puede cifrarse) en un dispositivo de memoria USB para guardar las personalizaciones del sistema de modo que todavía estén allí después de reiniciar. '''Ahora podrá llevar Mageia y a sus archivos con usted!''' El modo persistente necesita ''menos'' RAM. Tip: Para optimizar las actualizaciones puede desinstalar paquetes, vea [[Removing packages#Persistent Live USB]] y más en esa pagina. También podrá [[Draklive2|¡Crear su propio Live!]]<br />
<br />
Todas las imágenes ISO pueden ser grabadas en un DVD o [[Metodos_de_instalación#Transferir_una_imagen_de_Mageia_a_una_memoria_USB|transferirse a un dispositivo de memoria USB]]. Tenga en cuenta los límites de tamaño de archivo y dispositivo, ya que, por ejemplo, una imagen ISO de 4 GB puede ser demasiado grande para algunas unidades USB 'nominalmente' de 4 GB, debido a que su capacidad real es ligeramente inferior al tamaño comercializado.<br />
<br />
Para más información vea nuestro [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/Select-and-use-ISOs.html instructivo acerca de los medios de instalación].<br />
<br />
En la [https://www.mageia.org/8/ página de descarga de Mageia 8] encontrará las distintas opciones disponibles: descarga directa (FTP y HTTP) y BitTorrent.<br />
<br />
== Los repositorios en línea de Mageia ==<br />
<br />
Los paquetes de software incluidos en Mageia se localizan en tres repositorios/medios diferentes de acuerdo al tipo de licencia al que estén sujetos. A continuación tiene una descripción general de estos repositorios:<br />
<br />
* '''Core''': El repositorio Core incluye paquetes con software libre y de código abierto licenciados bajo una licencia de este tipo. De forma predeterminada, los repositorios 'Core', 'Core Release' y 'Core Updates', están habilitados.<br />
* '''Nonfree''': El repositorio Nonfree incluye paquetes gratuitos y de libre distribución, pero de código cerrado (de ahí el nombre - Nonfree o NoLibre). Este repositorio incluye, por ejemplo, los controladores propietarios para las tarjetas de video NVIDIA y AMD/ATI, los firmware de varias tarjetas WiFi, etc.<br /><br />
El medio Nonfree está habilitado de forma predeterminada, pero puede desactivarse durante la instalación si así lo desea.<br />
* '''Tainted''': El repositorio Tainted incluye paquetes con licencia libre. El motivo principal por el que algunos paquetes se destinan a este repositorio es porque pueden infringir patentes y leyes de propiedad intelectual en algunos países, p. ej., codecs multimedia necesarios para reproducir varios archivos de audio/video, paquetes necesarios para reproducir un video DVD comercial, etc. El medio Tainted se incluye de forma predeterminada en Mageia pero '''no''' está habilitado. Es totalmente opcional hacerlo. Revise las disposiciones legales de su país antes de usar los paquetes de este repositorio.<br />
<br />
==== Repositorios 32 bit en sistemas 64 bit ====<br />
<br />
Por favor recuerde que '''en un sistema 64-bit''', los repositorios de '''32-bit están configurados, pero, por defecto, deshabilitados'''.<br />
Si se habilitan los repositorios Nonfree o Tainted de 64-bit, también deberían habilitarse los repositorios de 32-bit correspondientes (tanto en sus ramas Release como Update) porque algunos paquetes como {{prog|PlayOnLinux}} o {{prog|Steam}} lo requerirán. En el caso de que quiera instalar paquetes como PlayOnLinux o Steam, que tienen dependencias en los repositorios de 32-bit, asegúrese de tener habilitados, al menos, "Core 32bit Release" y "Core 32bit Updates". De igual forma para algunos casos las versiones 32 bit de los repositorios Nonfree o Tainted (ambos en sus variantes Release y Updates) pueden ser necesarios. Reglas básicas: No habilite un repositorio de 32 bit sin la versión de 64 bit correspondiente ya que (generalmente) las bibliotecas de 64-bits tienen preferencia en los sistemas de 64 bit, y una vez que un repositorio de 32 bit es utilizado, mantenga las variantes Release y Updates habilitadas para no entorpecer las actualizaciones.<br />
<br />
= Novedades destacadas =<br />
<br />
== Análisis de metadatos de paquetes más veloz ==<br />
<br />
Los metadatos en Urpmi están comprimidos con Zstd en lugar de Xz (con lo cual se consigue una lectura más veloz de los mismos).<br />
<br />
== Python2 está casi retirado ==<br />
<br />
La mayoría de software y módulos de python2 fueron eliminados.<br />
<br />
== Soporte ARM ==<br />
<br />
El port ARM (Advanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) Machine) = Avanzada Máquina RISC (Reducido Conjunto de Instrucciones de Computo)), recomenzado en días de Mageia 7, se ha mejorado.<br />
<br />
El núcleo está disponible para ARMv7 y AArch64. No dispone de un instalador tradicional por el momento y todavía está en un estadío experimental, pero la mayor parte de la distribución fue construida satisfactoriamente en ambas arquitecturas (vea nuestra [https://pkgsubmit.mageia.org/arm-status.html revisión del estado de ARM] para más información). El plan es proveer imágenes de instalación para los dispositivos ARM populares en los próximos meses. No existe una fecha definida para la llegada de dichas imagenes.<br />
<br />
Drakboot ahora tiene capacidades limitadas para configurar UEFI en AArch64.<br />
<br />
= Principales novedades =<br />
<br />
== Instalacion ==<br />
<br />
=== Stage 1 ===<br />
<br />
* El soporte de hardware fue ampliado para que el instalador pueda funcionar en los equipos más recientes y más tarjetas insalambricas.<br />
* El soporte para NFS se realiza utilizando herramientas del sistema en lugar de nuestro código bifurcado de NFS hace 15 años, obteniendo así soporte para NFSv4 y compañía...<br />
* Se soporta la carga del Stage2 en redes inalambricas con cifrado through WPA2 ({{bug|9541}}) (el cifrado WEP aun esta soportado).<br />
<br />
=== Stage 2 ===<br />
<br />
* Muchísimos fallos solucionados y mejoras en el particionador<br />
* La imagen Squashfs ahora está comprimida con Zstd en lugar de Xz logrando un inicio de sistema más rápido.<br />
* Soporte para sistemas de archivos:<br />
** Soporte para la instalación sobre F2FS (en modo experto)<br />
** Soporte Nilfs2 mejorado: ahora puede ser reformateado o redimensionado (pero todavía no es adecuado como sistema de archivos del sistema debido a características faltantes)<br />
** XFS puede ahora ser redimensionado aún sin estar sobre LVM (siempre y cuando la partición tenga espacio para ampliarse)<br />
** Los sistemas de archivos exFAT se muestran de la misma forma que los FAT y NTFS (pero exFAT no puede redimensionarse)<br />
** NTFS de Windows 10 ("[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms Compact OS]") ahora tiene soporte a través del [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms plugin ntfs-3g-system-compression] ({{bug|21737}})<br />
* La configuración del cargador de arranque es más segura: mantenemos el viejo grub.cfg hasta que upgrade-grub2 lo reemplace ({{bug|25542}})<br />
* Instalación mínima sobre LUKS es posible<br />
<br />
=== Recuperación ===<br />
<br />
El sistema de recuperación fue enriquecido:<br />
* La imagen Squashfs ahora está comprimida con Zstd en lugar de Xz logrando un inicio más rápido.<br />
* es capaz de reparar LVMs/LUKS cifrados ({{bug|22795}})<br />
<br />
=== ISOs Live ===<br />
<br />
* Diskdrake soporta ahora la adición de particiones a las ISOs Live transferidas a dispositivos de memoria USB ({{bug|25224}}).<br />
* Las ISOs Live ahora arrancan sin configurar X.Org, delegando esa función al modo automático de X.Org.<br />
* La partición persistente de una ISO Live transferida a memorias USB puede cifrarse ({{bug|25191}})<br />
* El instalador Live soporta configurar los repositorios e instalar actualizaciones<br />
<br />
=== Soporte de Hardware ===<br />
<br />
* ARM v7 y AArch64 ahora son arquitecturas primarias en las que se generan todos los paquetes.<br />
<br />
== Localización (l10n) / Internacionalización (i18n) ==<br />
<br />
=== Manuales ===<br />
<br />
* Los manuales para el instalador tradicional y para el Centro de Control Mageia fueron (parcialmente) traducidos en muchos más idiomas. Vea [http://www.mageia.org/doc/ nuestra documentación oficial].<br />
* El manual HTML muestra una captura de pantalla en inglés cuando no hay disponible una que corresponda a la configuración regional.<br />
* Los manuales en PDF y EPUB se generan cuando se dispone de más de la mitad de las capturas de pantalla necesarias para una determinada configuración regional.<br />
<br />
=== Traducción de Software ===<br />
<br />
Nuevas traducciones fueron añadidas y otras mejoradas.<br />
Gracias a nuestra dedicada comunidad de traductores por su trabajo.<br />
<br />
== Gestión de paquetes ==<br />
<br />
=== Nuevo RPM ===<br />
<br />
RPM fue actualizado a la versión 4.16.1.2.<br />
<br />
RPM 4.16 ofrece mejoras importantes, entre ellas:<br />
<br />
* Añade detección automática y optimización de unidades SSD (en Linux, desactivado por defecto)<br />
* Añade sincronización de los sistemas de ficheros al final de las transacciones (rhbz#1461765)<br />
* Añade función hash criptográfica SHA256 a los encabezados gpg-pubkey.<br />
* Añade soporte para meta dependencias (p. ej, Requires(meta): algún_paquete) que no afecta al orden de instalación/borrado (rhbz#1648721)<br />
* Añade soporte para generadores de macros paramétricas.<br />
* Retiro del soporte de RPM v3, visiblemente (#1007)<br />
* Operaciones más rápidas:<br />
** Optimiza varias operaciones a través de paralelización (hasta %_smp_build_ncpus)<br />
** Optimiza varias operaciones a través de la paralelización de hilos (hasta %_smp_build_nthreads, pero limitado a un máximo de 4 en plataformas de 32 bits)<br />
** Añade soporte para el procesamiento en paralelo en brp-strip<br />
** Priorización de paquetes grandes al escribir paquetes<br />
* Backends:<br />
** Desuso del backend de Berkeley DB<br />
** Añade una implementación independiente para el soporte BDB de sólo lectura (experimental)<br />
** Añade un nuevo backend de base de datos en SQLite (experimental)<br />
** Promueve NDB, sacándolo de su estado experimental<br />
<br />
Más información acerca de los cambios de RPM 4.14 (incluido en Mageia 7) a RPM 4.16 disponible en el sitio web de RPM:<br />
* RPM 4.16.1.2: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1.2<br />
* RPM 4.16.1: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1<br />
* RPM 4.16: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.0<br />
* RPM 4.15: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.15.0<br />
<br />
=== DNF: el gestor de paquetes alternativo ===<br />
<br />
DNF (Dandified Yum) fue introducido como una alternativa a urpmi desde Mageia 6.<br />
<br />
DNF es un software de nueva generación para resolver dependencias y una herramienta de empaquetado de alto nivel heredado de dos proyectos:<br />
El YUM de Fedora (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) y el SAT Solver (libsolv) de openSUSE. DNF fue bifurcado de YUM hace muchos años con el propósito de reescribirlo para usar la librería SAT Solver de openSUSE y reestructurar su código base de forma que una API estuviera disponible tanto para extender DNF (a través de complementos y hooks), como para crear aplicaciones por encima de ella (como frontends gráficos y frameworks de automatización del ciclo de vida del sistema).<br />
<br />
DNF viene con un reporte de fallas mejorado, rastreador avanzado de dependencias débiles, soporte para dependencias ricas (vea las notas de lanzamiento de RPM), y ofrece información más detallada mientras lleva a cabo las acciones.<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 viene con DNF v4.6.0.<br />
<br />
La actualización del sistema mediante DNF está soportada. Vea la [[#Mediante linea de comandos (DNF)|sección acerca de actualizar con DNF]] en las notas de lanzamiento para más información.<br />
<br />
Más información acerca de la modularidad: https://docs.pagure.org/modularity/<br />
<br />
Notas de lanzamiento de DNF: https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/release_notes.html<br />
<br />
Con una instalación desde 0 a través de los DVD de ISO Clásicos o Live, DNF se instalará en paralelo con urpmi. Dependiendo del método usado para actualizar a Mageia 8, puede ser necesario instalar el paquete {{Prog|dnf}} para que esté disponible.<br />
<br />
Para más información acerca de cómo usar DNF, consulte la página de wiki: [[Using DNF|Usando DNF]].<br />
<br />
=== AppStream ===<br />
<br />
Nuestros repositorios RPM-MD (MetaDatos RPM), usados por DNF y PackageKit, proveen metadatos AppStream. Herramientas como el Software de GNOME (Escritorio GNOME, empaquetado como {{Prog|gnome-software}}) y Plasma Discover (Escritorio Plasma KDE, empaquetado como {{Prog|discover}}), aprovechan los metadatos de AppStream para proporcionar una experiencia completa al buscar, identificar y administrar aplicaciones.<br />
<br />
AppStream es un esfuerzo multi-distribución para enriquecer los repositorios de software estandarizando los metadatos de los componentes de software. Esto habilita una vista centrada en la aplicación en los repositorios de paquetes y provee especificaciones de las cosas necesarias para crear centros de aplicaciones amigables al usuario.<br />
<br />
Consulte el sitio web de AppStream para más información: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Distributions/AppStream/<br />
<br />
=== perl-URPM y urpmi ===<br />
<br />
* Doc se beneficia de nuevas mejoras (p. ej.: [https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/URPM/URPM.pm URPM] - [https://metacpan.org/pod/urpm urpm] - CPAN)<br />
* [http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=urpmi urpmi]/[http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=URPM perl-URPM] soporta un abanico más amplio de versiones de rpm, desde la versión 4.9 hasta la última 4.16, perl desde la versión 5.8 hasta 5.32<br />
* Muchas fallas fueron reparadas<br />
* Urpmi soporta la opción --reinstall<br />
* Los Metadatos de urpmi se comprimen con Zstd en lugar de con Xz (mayor velocidad de procesamiento)<br />
* Por defecto los repositorios de 32-bit no están habilitados en sistemas 64-bit ({{bug|24376}})<br />
** excepto en sistemas con EFI de 32-bit, donde el repositorio Core 32-bit es necesario para el gestor de arranque<br />
* Al agregar medios Distrib, habilite los medios de 32 bits si es necesario ({{bug|24438}})<br />
<br />
== Herramientas ==<br />
<br />
=== Centro de Control Mageia ===<br />
<br />
=== Otros ===<br />
<br />
==== MageiaWelcome ====<br />
La pantalla de 'Bienvenida' es una aplicación que se presenta al usuario cuando inicia una instalación fresca de Mageia. Ahora ha sido rediseñada por completo desde un enfoque lineal, con pasos sucesivos en un orden lógico de las cosas importantes que debe saber y hacer después de la instalación. Por defecto, se ejecutará en cada arranque, pero este comportamiento es opcional. Incluso si la opción de ejecución automática está desactivada, puede invocarse en cualquier momento como una aplicación (mageiawelcome).<br />
<br />
MageiaWelcome utiliza Python y QML. Ahora usa las fuentes del entorno de escritorio y puede redimensionarse.<br />
<br />
==== Isodumper ====<br />
<br />
[[Grabando imágenes ISO en memorias USB con IsoDumper|Isodumper]] es una herramienta para grabar imágenes ISO en dispositivos de memoria. La rutina de comprobación posterior a la operación de escritura consulta ahora un archivo de sha3 sum y la firma correspondiente.<br><br><br />
Cuando se añada una partición ''persistente'' esta podrá cifrarse. Sólo las imágenes ISO de Mageia 8 y posteriores la reconocerán. Consulte [[Metodos_de_instalación#Partición persistente en memorias USB|esto]] para más información.<br />
<br />
==== Docker ====<br />
<br />
El ecosistema Docker (basado en la versión 19.03 del motor) fue ampliado con muchas herramientas adicionales como docker-compose (orquestadores con soporte v3), contenedores (runC controlado por demonio), docker-registry (compartición de imágenes), docker-machine (instalar docker en un sistema remoto) y python-docker (librerías de python 2 y 3 para la manipulación de la API del motor).<br />
<br />
==== Herramientas de LiveCD ====<br />
<br />
Con Mageia 8, las Herramientas de LiveCD han sido llevadas a la última versión (v27.0).<br />
<br />
Para más información acerca de cómo usar LiveCD Tools, consulte la página de wiki: [[Using the LiveCD Tools|Usando las Herramientas LiveCD]]<br />
<br />
==== draklive2 ====<br />
<br />
La herramienta usada para construir ISOs Live de la distribución fue revisada para hacerla más fácil de usar. Se proporcionan muchos ejemplos para ayudar a los usuarios a construir sus propias versiones personalizadas de ISOs Live. Ahora dispone de un modo GUI (con interfaz de usuario gráfica) basado en el instalador clásico de Mageia para permitir la selección de paquetes y configuraciones regionales.<br />
<br />
Para más información, visite la página del wiki: [[draklive2]]<br />
<br />
==== PCMemTest ====<br />
<br />
Es una bifurcación y reescritura de la utilidad de comprobación de memoria Memtest86+. A diferencia de Memtest86+, PCMemTest puede utilizarse en sistemas UEFI y BIOS (con la limitación de que en sistemas UEFI, el teclado solo funcionara si se activa la opción CSM). PCMemTest reemplaza a Memtest86+ en todas las imágenes ISO de Mageia. También puede instalarse en el sistema del usuario, agregándose automáticamente al menu de arranque.<br />
<br />
== Sistema base ==<br />
<br />
=== Kernel y soporte de hardware ===<br />
<br />
* Mageia 8 viene con el kernel 5.10.16.<br />
Todo el hardware gestionado por esta versión del kernel está disponible. El kernel proporciona mejores gráficos con Mesa 20.3.4. <br />
* Se incluyen otros 'sabores' del kernel, particularmente, kernel-linus (kernel vanilla sin ningún conjunto de parches extra). Consulte la página de wiki [[Kernel flavours]] para más información.<br />
* Los planificadores de E/S Single-queue (Fila simple) fueron retirados desde el kernel 5.0 . Si requiere utilizar la utilidad ionice, considere instalar el nuevo paquete {{pkg|ionice-scheduler}} que habilita el planificador BFQ para los discos mecánicos.<br />
* cpupower y powersave <BR><br />
Hay algunos cambios al respecto desde la versión 5.8. Si utilizaba intel_pstate (para cpus Intel Sandy Bridge y posteriores), se ha cambiado el comportamiento predeterminado en CPUs que no cuentan con soporte para P-states manejados por hardware (HWP), y necesitara añadir el parámetro ''intel_pstate=active'' a las opciones del kernel para restaurar el comportamiento previo en caso de que note una disminución del rendimiento. (vea el reporte {{bug|27191}}).<br />
<br />
=== Controladores Gráficos ===<br />
<br />
Mesa se ha actualizado a la versión 20.3.4.<br />
<br />
Los controladores gráficos ahora utiliza una complementación libGL neutral al proveedor (coloquialmente llamada "glvnd": GL Vendor Neutral Dispatch) la cual fue desarrollada para solucionar diversos problemas con el soporte OpenGL en los sistemas Linux modernos. <br />
* Los usuarios tendrán la posibilidad de instalar Mesa y controladores GL de terceros en paralelo.<br />
* Esto habilita desempeño y funcionalidades adicionales para configuraciones con GPU hibridas. <br />
<br />
==== Sistema de ventanas X (X11) ====<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 llega con X.Org 1.20.10.<br />
<br />
==== Controladores de video AMD ====<br />
* Mageia 8 usa los controladores de video libres para las tarjetas de video AMD/ATI, AMDGPU para las tarjetas más nuevas y Radeon para las más antiguas. Los controladores libres también usan el actual Mesa 20.0, incluido en Mageia 8. En comparación con Mageia 7, se incrementó el soporte de hardware y existe una mejora en el rendimiento.<br />
* El controlador propietario AMDGPU-PRO sólo funciona actualmente con X.org 1.1xx, por lo que no puede ser usado en Mageia 8.<br />
* En el caso de una tarjeta híbrida, la solución expuesta para el [[#Optimus laptops|controlador nouveau]] y el pre-comando DRI_PRIME=n también funciona, al menos para el controlador radeon.<br />
<br />
==== Controladores NVIDIA ====<br />
* Se proporciona la actual versión del controlador libre Nouveau. En comparación con Mageia 7, se incrementó el soporte de hardware y las prestaciones.<br />
* El paquete para el último controlador propietario NVIDIA (NVIDIA-current esta en la versión 455.45.01 al momento de escribir esto) y todos los controladores propietarios NVIDIA se encuentran en los repositorios nonfree. <br />
<br />
====== Controlador Propietario NVIDIA ======<br />
* Para las tarjetas más recientes desde la serie R460 con el controlador {{pkg|nvidia-current}} (solo en 64 bits)<br />
<br />
* Para tarjetas de vídeo antiguas, los controladores propietarios para la serie R390 "{{pkg|nvidia390}}", desafortunadamente hemos tenido que retirar el controlador para las series R340 debido a problemas de seguridad en el binario de NVIDIA. Varias tarjetas están soportadas por el controlador para las series R390.<br />
<br />
===== Laptops Optimus =====<br />
Algunas portátiles actuales tienen "Graficas Híbridas", o sea que tienen dos tarjetas graficas: una es usualmente la "interna" (o "integrada") a la CPU, se le llama IGP (Procesador Grafico Integrado), y la otra es la "dedicada", externa al CPU, es llamada "discreta" (DGP, Procesador Grafico Discreto/Dedicado). Las tarjetas graficas internas usualmente son menos potentes (pero consume menos energía) que la discreta.<br />
<br />
Los propietarios de portátiles [https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia_Optimus NVIDIA Optimus] (procesador de gráficos Intel integrado y GPU NVIDIA discreta, o un procesador grafico AMD/ATI y una GPU NVIDIA discreta)) ahora tienen tres formas de beneficiarse de la potencia de su GPU discreta:<br />
<br />
* El controlador Nouveau gratuito admite el offloading de PRIME GPU y se puede usar con la variable DRI_PRIME = 1 (siempre que no se use el controlador NVIDIA patentado, por ejemplo, mageia-prime). Consulte la [https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/Optimus/ documentación de Nouveau] para obtener más información sobre cómo configurar Xorg para usar NVIDIA Prime con DRI3.<br />
* Como en Mageia 7, el paquete [[Bumblebee]] puede usarse para puentear el monitor al GPU NVIDIA, permitiendo acceder a su potencia de procesamiento aunque con algo de sobrecarga.<br />
* Se puede utilizar una nueva herramienta, compatible con kernels Linux y servidores Xorg recientes, llamada [[Mageia-prime para Optimus|mageia-prime]] para configurar NVIDIA Prime . Permite cambiar completamente al uso de la GPU NVIDIA sin la sobrecarga de Bumblebee, y es especialmente adecuado para su uso con CUDA. <br />
<br />
En los tres casos, al configurar los controladores gráficos durante la instalación y con las herramientas de mageia regulares, solo se debe configurar la tarjeta integrada (al menos en la mayoría de las configuraciones de Optimus), ya que "generalmente" es la única conectada físicamente a un monitor (De fallar inténtelo del otro modo).<br />
<br />
=== Cargadores de arranque ===<br />
* GRUB2 se ha actualizado a 2.04, con varias características y correcciones retroportadas desde la futura rama 2.06<br />
* Para el arranque UEFI, el [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/ cargador de arranque rEFInd] ahora se admite como alternativa a GRUB2.<br />
<br />
== Entornos de Escritorio ==<br />
<br />
Todos los entornos de escritorio mencionados a continuación se incluyen en los repositorios en línea de Mageia y pueden coexistir en cualquier sistema Mageia 8. Algunos de ellos también se incluyen en los medios físicos, LiveDVDs y DVDs clásicos, como se especifica en cada sección.<br />
<br />
=== Plasma ===<br />
<br />
Plasma, el entorno de escritorio de la comunidad KDE, se ofrece en su versión 5.20.4, construido en base a Qt 5.15.2, KDE Frameworks 5.76 y la version 20.12.0 de las aplicaciones KDE.<br />
<br />
Si quiere probar Plasma sobre '''Wayland''', instale {{pkg|plasma-workspace-wayland}}, y debería aparecer en la lista de entornos de escritorio de su gestor de pantalla favorito.<br />
<br />
El gestor de pantalla predeterminado (DM) para el entorno Plasma es SDDM.<br />
<br />
Si en Mageia 7 tiene habilitado Compiz, deshabilitelo antes de actualizar a Mageia 8, vea la [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Plasma|Errata]].<br />
<br />
Plasma tiene un LiveDVD 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona GNOME 3.38.3. Ahora se ejecuta por defecto en Wayland, pero también ofrece la alternativa de sesión "GNOME en Xorg". Note que con los controladores propietarios de Nvidia, GNOME inicia `por defecto una sesión X11.<br />
<br />
Para aquellos que prefieren el estilo de GNOME 2, GNOME 3 proporciona también una sesión "Gnome Clásico".<br />
<br />
GNOME tiene un LiveDVD 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== LXDE ===<br />
<br />
El entorno de escritorio superligero basado en GTK+2 todavía está disponible y continúa recibiendo mejoras de sus desarrolladores y de nuestro mantenedor de Mageia, aún cuando parte de su comunidad está enfocada en LXQt.<br />
<br />
LXDE puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== Xfce ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona [https://www.xfce.org/about/tour416 Xfce 4.16].<br />
<br />
<br />
Xfce tiene LiveDVD 32-bit y 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== LXQt ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona LXQt 0.16.0.<br />
<br />
LXQt no puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional) debido a limitaciones de espacio en las ISOs.<br />
Es necesario agregar el repositorio en línea para habilitar más opciones en la instalación inicial - esto está explicado en la [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/es/content/software.html#add_supplemental_media documentación del instalador].<br />
<br />
{{Pkg| picom}} reemplaza a {{Pkg| compton}} como compositor de transparencias para openbox, - [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#LXQt|un ajuste manual puede ser necesario]]<br />
<br />
=== MATE ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona MATE 1.24.2.<br />
<br />
MATE puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional). Debido a consideraciones de espacio en el DVD, algunas aplicaciones como mate-screenshot (programa de capturas de pantalla) no están incluidas en la ISO DVD Clásica. Para una experiencia completa del escritorio MATE, se recomienda a los usuarios instalar el paquete {{pkg|task-mate}} después de la instalación inicial.<br />
<br />
=== Cinnamon === <br />
<br />
Se proporciona Cinnamon 4.8.3<br />
<br />
Cinnamon puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalación tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== Enlightenment ===<br />
<br />
El paquete Enlightenment viene con E24.2 y las bibliotecas Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL) 1.25.1, que incluye los paquetes Elementary, Evas-generic-loaders y Evas-generic-players. Entre lo sobresaliente de esta versión esta el soporte para Bluez5, una mejorada herramienta de captura de pantalla, un más flexible modulo de control de música, el monitor de sistema Evisum, la integración del agente de autentificación Polkit-EFL, y una configuración separada de las aplicaciones a cargar al reiniciar E. Para más detalles vea https://www.enlightenment.org/news/e24.2.<br />
<br />
Desde luego Mageia incluye el gestor de conexiones Connman con la interfaz Econnman, y tres aplicaciones basadas en EFL: Terminology el avanzado emulador de terminal, Ephoto el rápido visor de imágenes, y Rage el ligero reproductor de videos. Al igual que con el lanzamiento anterior, Mageia 8 ofrece también un tema con motivos de Mageia como el predeterminado.<br />
<br />
Para aquellos nuevos o que regresen a E, los procesos y aplicaciones de inicio no se toman automáticamente de {{folder|/etc/xdg/autostart}}. Después de la instalación, vaya a {{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Aplicaciones al inicio}}, y agregue los procesos y aplicaciones que necesite que se inicien al arrancar. Las Aplicaciones que (solamente) se carguen al reiniciar el escritorio se manejan separadamente en una lista disponible en {{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Aplicaciones > Aplicaciones al reinicio}}.<br />
<br />
La bandeja del sistema de Enlightenment que utiliza notificaciones SNI, es un modulo separado y debe de ser cargado ({{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Módulos}}) y añadido a un panel (shelf), donde las aplicaciones de Mageia y otras serán mostradas. Las aplicaciones Gtk con soporte appindicator (e.j., el plugin Ubuntu indicator de Pidgin) ahora mostraran sus iconos correctamente.<br />
<br />
Actualmente hay dos problemas conocidos. Primero, Mageia habilita systemd-networkd por defecto para la administración de las redes. Aquellos que prefieran utilizar connman con la interfaz Econnman encontraran que no siempre funciona (tras deshabilitar systemd-networkd y habilitar connman.service), tal vez un resultado de la configuración predeterminada de wpa_supplicant. Existe un gadget recientemente desarrollado que puede utilizar diferentes backends para la administración de las redes inalámbricas, pero aun no se incluye en los repositorios de Mageia.) Segundo, reiniciar E algunas veces produce una advertencia de que el cache Efreet no se ha actualizado. Po lo general puede ignorarlo ya que es producto de un tiempo de espera que para algunos sistemas es muy corto.<br />
<br />
=== Gestores de ventanas livianos ===<br />
<br />
También puede mantener su instalación Mageia 8 aún más ligera y proporcionamos para esto una gran cantidad de pequeños y eficientes gestores de ventanas. Usted puede encontrar afterstep, awesome, dwm, fluxbox, fvwm2, fvwm-crystal, i3, icewm, jwm, matchbox, openbox, pekwm, sugar, swm, y windowmaker. Después de la instalación, aparecen en el menú de inicio de sesión de su gestor de pantalla.<br />
<br />
==== IceWM ====<br />
<br />
IceWM se instala por defecto como entorno de soporte, incluso cuando se selecciona Plasma o GNOME en el instalador. También esta presente en todas las ISO Live.<br />
<br />
Para iniciarlo seleccione "icewm-session" en el administrador de sesión.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones de oficina ==<br />
<br />
LibreOffice ha sido actualizado a 7.0.4.2. Vea las [https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/7.0/es notas del lanzamiento oficial] para más detalles.<br />
<br />
=== Aplicaciones de Internet ===<br />
<br />
'''Iceape''' ha sido retirado, ya que Seamonkey aun no soporta python 3. Nota: ¡Deberá exportar su contenido '''antes''' de actualizar a Mageia 8! Una guía puede encontrarse en {{bug|26593#c14}} y en las búsquedas por internet.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones multimedia ==<br />
<br />
Desde que su última patente expiró, en abril del 2017, el codificador mp3 está disponible desde los repositorios core. Tainted es necesario aún para H.264, H.265/HEVC y AAC.<br />
<br />
==Editores==<br />
<br />
* Vim ha sido actualizado a 8.2.1522<br />
* NeoVim 0.4.3 también se incluye<br />
<br />
== Juegos ==<br />
<br />
En la comunidad de Mageia, nuestro amor por el software libre no excluye a los juegos de código abierto. Se ha hecho un gran esfuerzo durante el ciclo de lanzamiento de Mageia 8 para empaquetar muchos juegos nuevos, haciendo de Mageia 8 una muy buena plataforma para jugadores intensivos y casuales por igual. <br />
Puede revisar Mageia App DB para una lista de [http://mageia.madb.org/package/comparison/release/7/withrelease/8/group/78%2C20%2C64%2C10%2C30%2C46%2C109%2C138%2C74%2C1 todos los juegos nuevos y actualizados en Mageia 8]. La sección siguiente sólo dará algunos ejemplos tomados al tun tun para cada categoría.<br />
<br />
== Educación ==<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 viene con [http://gcompris.net/ gcompris-qt] 1.0. En febrero del 2015, estuvimos entre [https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/new-unified-graphics-for-gcompris quienes colaboraron para mejorar la interfaz gráfica de este importante proyecto].<br />
<br />
== Desarrollo de Software ==<br />
<br />
=== Compiladores y herramientas ===<br />
<br />
Glibc ha sido actualizado a 2.32.<br />
<br />
GCC ha sido actualizado a 10.2, GDB a 10.1 y Valgrind a 3.16.1.<br />
<br />
LLVM ha sido actualizado a 11.0.1.<br />
<br />
Firebird ha sido actualizado a 3.0.7<br />
<br />
IPython ha sido actualizado a 7.19.<br />
<br />
La mayoría de las librerías fueron actualizadas a su versión estable más reciente (con soporte a largo plazo en los casos en que estuvo disponible), como Qt 5.15.2 y GTK+ 3.24.24.<br />
<br />
GTK4 se ofrece en su versión 4.1.0<br />
<br />
Tcl/Tk está en su versión 8.6.10.<br />
<br />
Ocaml ha sido actualizado a 4.10<br />
<br />
Java se ha actualizado a la versión 11, java 8 aun esta disponible pero no es la versión predeterminada. java 16 esta en los repositorios backports.<br />
<br />
Mono se ha actualizado a la versión 6.10.<br />
<br />
Los componentes MinGW se han actualizado.<br />
<br />
=== Software de Virtualización ===<br />
<br />
QEmu ha sido actualizado a 5.2.<br />
<br />
libvirt ha sido actualizado a 7.0, virt-manager a 3.1.0, libguestfs a 1.44.<br />
Xen está en su versión 4.14.<br />
<br />
==== VirtualBox ====<br />
VirtualBox está en su versión 6.1.18.<br />
Nota: En la serie 6.1, VirtualBox solo soporta anfitriones x86_64. '''Cualquier anfitrión de 32 bit [[#Paquetes_que_se_eliminan_tras_actualizar|¡será eliminado]]!'''<br />
<br />
=== Lenguajes de programación ===<br />
<br />
Python 3 ha sido actualizado a 3.8.7.<br />
Python 2 está siendo retirado (la mayoría de módulos de python2 ya fueron quitados).<br />
<br />
Perl ha sido actualizado a 5.32.1<br />
<br />
Ruby ha sido actualizado a 2.7.2.<br />
<br />
Rust está en la versión 1.49.0. Será actualizado durante el ciclo de soporte de Mageia 8 para seguir los nuevos desarrollos.<br />
<br />
PHP ha sido actualizado a 8.0.2, lo que proporciona una mejora adicional en el rendimiento.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones de Servidor ==<br />
===Nginx===<br />
Las nuevas instalaciones del servidor http ''nginx'' utilizan el usuario "apache" : los servidores web en Mageia asumen que se utiliza el usuario "apache" creado por el paquete {{pkg|webserver-base}} (el cual deberán tener como dependencia). Este paquete ha dejado de utilizar "nginx" como usuario {{bug|26183}}.<br />
<br />
===Nextcloud===<br />
El servidor de Nextcloud no estuvo disponible al momento de publicarse Mageia 8, esto se debe a que la versión 21, la primera en soportar PHP8, aun no habia sido sido publicada.<br />
<br />
Por el lado positivo, proporcionamos 2 formas de instalarlo:<br />
* Nextcloud 21 se incluira en los repositorios backports de Mageia 8 backports, {{bug|28511}}.<br />
* En la pagina [[Nextcloud]] encontrara instrucciones para instalarlo manualmente.<br />
<br />
{{warning-es|Las versiones de Nextcloud previas a la versión 21 no funcionaran en Mageia 8 ya que PHP7 ha sido retirado.}}<br />
<br />
La versión principal de Nextcloud en Mageia 7 fue la 15 en el repositorio {{media|core release}}.<br />
¡No es recomendable saltarse versiones intermedias! Por lo tanto *antes* de migrar a Mageia 8 debe actualizar Nextcloud primero a la version 16, luego a la 17, luego a la 18, luego a la 19, y finalmente a la 20. Encontrara esas versiones en los repositorios {{media|backports}} de Mageia 7. En cada actualización asegúrese de que sus aplicaciones están actualizadas (se actualizan utilizando la interfaz de Nextcloud) y algunas es mejor desactivarlas o desinstalarlas antes de cada actualización y reactivarlas en cada actualización, también verifique que Nextcloud funciona tras cada actualización, compruebe los registros. Es muy buena idea hacer Respaldos antes de comenzar el proceso, también revisar la evolución de las instrucciones en https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Nextcloud.<br />
<br />
= Actualizando desde Mageia 7 =<br />
La actualización desde Mageia 7 está soportada y ha sido afinada en los últimos meses.<br />
<br />
Vea también [[Como elegir el Método correcto para Actualizar a una nueva versión|Como elegir el Método correcto para Actualizar a una nueva versión.]]<br />
<br />
{{note-es|Por favor, también lea la sección [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Problemas_de_actualización|Problemas de migración]] de las Erratas.}}<br />
<br />
== Preparativos == <br />
* Respalde cualquier información importante.<br />
* Realice una actualización del sistema (especialmente de rpm y urpmi). <br />
* Si quiere actualizar un sistema de 64-bit, '''primero debe desinstalar las bibliotecas de desarrollo de 32bit que pueda contener'''. Puede reconocerlas por la palabra "devel" en el nombre. Para saber si su sistema aloja dichas bibliotecas puede usar el comando: <br />
:{{cmd|<nowiki>rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{version}-%{RELEASE}-%{ARCH}\n" |grep i586 |grep devel</nowiki>}}<br />
* <br />
Si añadió '''repositorios de terceros''', como el de Google, asegúrese de hacer copia del archivo {{file|urpmi.cfg}} localizado en la carpeta {{folder|/etc/urpmi}}.<br />
* Es bueno liberar algo de espacio, en particular desinstale kernels antiguos, juegos muy pesados...<br />
* Asegúrese de tener instalado un paquete '''task-* de su escritorio favorito'''. Esto asegurara que al finalizar la actualización no falten paquetes necesarios. Ejemplo: {{pkg|task-plasma}}. Si no necesita una instalación completa de Plasma, pruebe {{pkg|task-plasma-minimal}}. Otros escritorios siguen el mismo esquema, como {{pkg|task-gnome, task-xfce}}, etc, algunos también tienen la variante "-minimal".<br />
<br />
<span style="color:red">'''No esta soportado:'''<br />
* Actualizar directamente desde una versión anterior a la previa<br />
* Actualizar utilizando cualquier imagen Live - ya que las imágenes Live son copiadas "tal cual" en el sistema destino.<br />
* Actualizar una instalación de Mageia que '''NO''' estaba en modo UEFI, mediante el modo UEFI<br />
- En estos casos debe realizar una instalación completa (tal vez conservando la carpeta {{folder|/home}})<br />
<br />
== Actualizar via Internet ==<br />
<br />
El applet de actualizaciones de Mageia, Mageia Online, '''notificará''' que una nueva versión de Mageia está disponible y le preguntará si desea proceder. Si acepta, la actualización se llevará a cabo desde su instalación de Mageia sin que sea necesario realizar más pasos.<br/><br />
<br />
Si ha desactivado el applet o no está automáticamente funcionando por alguna razón, puede actualizar manualmente usando tanto la GUI ({{cmd|mgaonline}}) como la CLI ({{cmd|urpmi}}/{{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}). Cada uno de los métodos se desarrollan a continuación.<br />
<br />
Actualice completamente el sistema y compruebe antes de actualizar a la nueva versión que tiene el suficiente espacio disponible. Al menos 2 GB, dependiendo de su configuración, vea la nota y el método seguro en [[#Notas_sobre_Mageia_8#Mediante_linea_de_comandos_.28urpmi.29.|Actualizar mediante linea de comandos usando urpmi]]-<br />
<br />
{{note-es|De ser posible use una conexión cableada a internet, especialmente cuando está usando controladores wlan no libres.}}<br />
<br />
=== Mediante mgaonline (interfaz gráfica)) ===<br />
# Asegurece de desactivar los salva pantallas.<br />
# Use el icono de Mageia Online icon en la bandeja del sistema para actualizar.<br />
<br />
'''- Si no le ofrece la opción de actualizar a la nueva versión de Mageia:'''<br />
* Asegúrese de que su sistema esté completamente actualizado aplicando todas las actualizaciones disponibles.<br />
Vea la documentación de [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/software-management.html#MageiaUpdate mageia 8] mientras esta lista la de mageia 8.<br />
<br />
* En Centro de Control Mageia - Administración de Software - Configure la frecuencia de actualizaciones, asegúrese de que la opción [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/software-management.html#mgaapplet-config "Compruebe si hay versiones más recientes de Mageia"] está seleccionada.<br />
<br />
* Busque en su carpeta personal el directorio oculto {{Folder|.MgaOnline}}. Si existe un fichero {{file|mgaonline}} en ese directorio, elimínelo.<br />
<br />
Después de reiniciar, el icono azul de actualizaciones debería aparecer la próxima vez que Mageia Online busque nuevas actualizaciones. <br />
<br />
Si Mageia 7 ha llegado al final de su soporte, verá un icono naranja y una advertencia emergente de que Mageia 7 ya no está soportado. <br />
<br />
Alternativamente, puede lanzar el proceso de actualización ingresando lo siguiente en un terminal:<br />
<br />
{{Console-es|<nowiki>mgaapplet-upgrade-helper --new_distro_version=8</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Esto lo notificará de la disponibilidad de la nueva distribución Mageia 8, configurará los repositorios de Mageia y comenzará la migración.<br />
<br />
=== Mediante linea de comandos (urpmi) ===<br />
<br />
Este método es muy útil cuando la partición raíz está cifrada, ya que una vez arrancado el sistema la partición está accesible.<br />
<br />
Existen múltiples vías de obtener una interfaz de línea de comandos(CLI).<br />
<br />
El mejor método para llevar a cabo la actualización es usar el run-level 3, cuando el servidor X y el entorno gráfico no están ejecutándose.<br />
<br />
Por lo tanto, usando el run-level 3 la actualización será más limpia que si lo hiciera desde una aplicación de terminal, ya que estarían en ejecución menos programas que podrían estropear la actualización.<br />
<br />
Si tiene instalado dnf, deberá detener el temporizador dnf makecache, ya que hace que urpmi se bloquee cuando se ejecuta durante la actualización. Los comandos se incluyen a continuación. Vea el fallo {{bug|25072}}<br />
<br />
El nivel de ejecución 3 puede invocarse agregando un "3" a la línea de comandos del kernel editándolo al inicio y obteniendo así un símbolo de inicio de sesión. Otra alternativa es usar el comando:<br />
{{cmd|systemctl isolate multi-user.target}}<br />
<br />
Se recomienda ejecutar "script upgrade_log.txt" antes de lanzar los siguientes comandos para capturar los mensajes de actualización en el caso de que ocurra algún error inesperado. Los mensajes serán escritos en el fichero {{file|upgrade_log.txt}}. Use "exit" para salir de "script".<br />
<br />
Estos son los pasos generales para actualizar:<br />
<br />
* Hágase root en un terminal<br />
{{user to root-es|_}}<br />
{{warning-es|Desde este punto todos los comandos son ejecutados como root}}<br />
* Nos aseguramos de que el sistema este actualizado, como se ha recomendado previamente<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* Desactivar dnf makecache (puede saltarse este paso cuando dnf no esté instalado)<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.service}}<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.timer && systemctl daemon-reload}}<br />
* Eliminar todos los repositorios de su sistema ejecutando el comando:<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}}<br />
* Añadir la fuente de Mageia 8 en línea, ya sea:<br />
** Usando el método MIRRORLIST (que seleccionara un servidor automáticamente de acuerdo a su ubicación geográfica):<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.8.$ARCH.list'}}<br />
*:(urpmi sabe qué sustituir en $ARCH)<br />
** Usando un mirror específico:<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib <url_del_mirror>}}<br />
*:Puede obtener el url_del_mirror usando la [http://mirrors.mageia.org/distrib aplicación web de mirrors de Mageia].<br />
* Finalmente comenzar la actualización: <br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* Es mejor ejecutar el comando anterior dos veces porque la primera vez algunos paquetes descargados pueden no haberse instalado.<br />
<br />
{{Note-es| A veces es una buena idea, cuando tienes más que suficiente espacio libre, simular la actualización antes de llevarla a cabo. <br><br />
Con este comando: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all --test}} todos los paquetes son descargados y la 'actualización' es sólo una simulación. Esto necesita un montón de espacio libre antes de comenzar la prueba - algo así como más de 2GB en la partición /var (O la partición / si no tiene /var en una partición separada, si tiene varios de los principales escritorios y/o varios programas podra necesitar aun más espacio, o podra necesitar menos en si solo tiene un escritorio ligero). Si el espacio lo tiene en otra partición, puede especificar el destino de los ficheros descargados agregando la ruta a esta partición después de {{cmd|--download-all}}.<br><br />
Si el resultado es bueno, entonces lleva a cabo la actualización con el comando: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all}}. También añade la ruta a los ficheros descargados si lo hiciste antes.<br />
Si el resultado no es el esperado, restaura los repositorios de Mageia 7 con {{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}} y {{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.7.$ARCH.list'}} como hiciste anteriormente. y limpie el cache utilizando el comando {{cmd|urpmi --clean}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Mediante linea de comandos (DNF) ===<br />
<br />
Si está usando DNF para la administración de software (y lo ha configurado adecuadamente según [[Usando DNF|la pagina sobre como utilizar DNF]]), puedes actualizar a Mageia 8 en sólo unos pocos pasos (todos los comandos deben ejecutarse como root):<br />
<br />
#Asegúrese de que su sistema está completamente actualizado: {{cmd|dnf upgrade}}<br />
#Instale el plugin {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}: {{cmd|dnf install 'dnf-command(system-upgrade)'}}<br />
#Ejecute la fase de descarga de system-upgrade: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade --releasever 8 download --allowerasing}}<br />
##Se le preguntara antes de descargar los paquetes, y se le indicara cuanto espacio libre se requiere. Si no tiene lo que se le indica mas unos doscientos MB libres en la partición {{folder|/var}} ''(Si {{folder|/var}} no es una partición separada de la partición {{folder|/}}, añada otros doscientos MB de espacio)''. Si no es así, haga suficiente espacio libre o añada la opción {{cmd|--downloaddir ruta_al_directorio_con_espacio_libre}} a este y los próximos comandos de system-upgrade. Ademas si tiene una partición {{folder|/boot}} separada, asegurese de que tiene espacio para [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Actualizando_mediante_dnf|dos variantes del kernel]]. También asegurese de que la partición {{folder|/}} tenga espacio para lo nuevos programas.<br />
##Cuando este seguro de que el espacio disponible es suficiente responda que si (yes) para permitir la descarga. También ejecutara una prueba de la transacción.<br />
<br />
#Si la prueba y la descarga tienen éxito:<br />
## ¡Guarde su trabajo y cierre las aplicaciones!<br />
## Inicie la actualización: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade reboot}} <span style="color:red">'''/!\ NOTA:''' '' ¡Se reiniciara inmediatamente su sistema! '' '''/!\''' </span><br />
<br />
''Ahora disfrute de alguna bebida mientras observa las burbujas en nuestra pantalla de arranque - y sobre de ellas los mensajes sobre lo que esta ocurriendo. Cuando finalice, se reiniciara para que pueda disfrutar de la nueva Mageia.''<br />
<br />
== Usando el DVD tradicional de Mageia 8 para Actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Puede usar el DVD de Mageia 8 tradicional (es decir, el no-Live) para realizar una instalación limpia, pero también para actualizar desde Mageia 7.<br />
<br />
Para actualizar:<br />
<br />
* Descargue la ISO desde la [http://mageia.org/8/ página de descargas] de Mageia y quémela en un DVD o transfierala en un dispositivo USB. Para más detalles, eche una mirada a este [[Installation_Media|artículo acerca de los Medios de Instalación Disponibles]].<br />
* Arranque el DVD y asegúrese de hacerlo en el mismo modo (legacy/BIOS o UEFI) en el que Mageia 7 está instalado.<br />
* Seleccione "Install Mageia 8" del menú de GRUB (el cargador de arranque).<br />
* Seleccione la opción [http://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/selectInstallClass.html Actualizar].<br />
<br />
'''Se recomienda configurar los repositorios en línea durante la actualización, ya que el DVD solo incluye un subconjunto del conjunto completo de repositorios en línea de Mageia.'''<br />
Esto es especialmente importante si utiliza paquetes importantes de 32 bits en una instalación de 64 bits, porque la ISO de 64 bits solo contendrá paquetes de 64 bits, por lo que es probable que la actualización falle si no agrega repositorios en línea.<br />
<br />
Además, es posible que una instalación determinada de Mageia 7 haya recibido una actualización a una versión posterior del software que la disponible en la ISO. Cuando esto sucede, es posible que una actualización no se complete. En el momento en que se prueban los ISO, es imposible anticipar qué paquetes de Mageia 7 pueden actualizarse en el futuro, por lo que las actualizaciones sin conexión (es decir, las actualizaciones intentadas sin configurar los repositorios en línea) no son compatibles. <br />
<br />
La primera vez que reinicie el sistema, use el comando '{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update}}' para [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5687 asegurarse] de que todos los paquetes sean actualizados.<br />
<br />
=== Actualizando una instalación cifrada ===<br />
<br />
Primeramente, en el sistema Mageia 7 en funcionamiento:<br />
<br />
* Eliminar los kernels innecesarios y programas grandes innecesarios.<br />
* Realice una actualización completa.<br />
* Tome nota de los repositorios en uso y de los que serán usados (¿Hay algún tainted habilitado? Si se trata de un sistema de 64 bit, ¿hay algún repositorio de 32 bit habilitado?).<br />
* Tome nota de las particiones usadas y de sus puntos de montaje.<br />
<br />
A continuación, prepare y arranque el instalador tradicional como se describió anteriormente, y:<br />
<br />
* Seleccionar la instalación, seleccionar el lenguaje, aceptar la licencia, seleccionar el país, seleccionar el teclado, personalizar el particionamiento.<br />
* Seleccione sus particiones cifradas, seleccione ''Use'' e ingrese su clave.<br />
* Si es LVM aparece una nueva pestaña con las particiones LV.<br />
* Asigne puntos de montaje para todas las particiones excepto ''swap'' (según las notas que tomó antes, o juzgue por el nombre, tamaño y tipo de las particiones. ¡No olvides que {{folder|/boot}} debe estar fuera del LVM cifrado!).<br />
* IMPORTANTE: Después de hacer clic en Siguiente, ¡asegúrese de que la opción para formatear todas las particiones NO está seleccionada! O, si quiere un sistema nuevo pero manteniendo la información de usuario: formatear {{folder|/boot}}, {{folder|/}} y cualquier otra como {{folder|/usr}}, {{folder|/tmp}}, etc que pueda tener, pero NO {{folder|/home}}.<br />
* Debería habilitar todos los repositorios (usando las notas que tomó antes) de acuerdo a aquellos usados en su anterior instalación de Mageia - excepto backports.<br />
* Al igual que con una instalación no cifrada, se recomienda configurar los repositorios en línea, incluidos los repositorios de actualizaciones relevantes.<br />
<br />
= Problemas conocidos =<br />
== Se requiere de acciones del usuario ==<br />
'Acciones de su parte que que no se describen en otro lugar ni en las Erratas.''<br />
<br />
=== VeraCrypt ===<br />
Tras actualizar a Mageia 8, VeraCrypt no funciona con sudo como antes. {{Bug|28001}}<br />
<br />
Desde [https://github.com/veracrypt/VeraCrypt/releases/tag/VeraCrypt_1.24-Update2 veracrypt-1.24u2] tine que añadir el parámetro '--use-dummy-sudo-password' al ejecutar VeraCrypt para conseguir el comportamiento anterior con sudo. También vea el foro de [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1906246#p1906246 Arch Linux].<br />
<br />
== Fallos ==<br />
Vea la [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8| pagina de Erratas]].<br />
<br />
=== Reporte de fallos ===<br />
<br />
Tenemos un [https://bugs.mageia.org/ sistema de seguimiento de fallos], pero por favor antes de reportar cualquier fallo primero lea las [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8| Erratas]] y use el buscador del sistema bugzilla para ver si el fallo no ha sido reportado, y en caso de estar reportado tal vez pueda añadir información valiosa o ayudar probando alguna actualización propuesta. Para contribuir necesita una cuenta Mageia que puede crear en https://identity.mageia.org/. Si no sabe como reportar un fallo [[Bugzilla#How-to_report_a_bug| lea esto]].<br />
<br />
También sera bienvenido en nuestros [https://forums.mageia.org Foros en ingles].Para la fase de desarollo visite las secciones "Testing : Alpha, Beta, RC y Cauldron".<br />
<br />
= Paquetes eliminados en la distribución =<br />
<br />
== Paquetes que no se eliminan tras actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Los siguientes paquetes se han eliminado de la distribución pero no son afectados por el proceso de actualización, deberían seguir funcionando, pero no recibirán ningún soporte en caso de que no fuera así, ni recibirán actualizaciones, lo que significa que estarán desactualizados comparados con la versión de desarrollo y que estarán expuestos a potenciales problemas de seguridad. Probablemente debería de instalar desde el sitio del desarrollador pero eso es decisión suya.<br />
<br />
Esta categoría contiene los siguientes paquetes:<br />
* GLPI y sus extensiones<br />
* galette<br />
* Nextcloud ([[#Nextcloud|temporalmente]])<br />
* PyCharm-community<br />
* Scilab<br />
* MysqlWorkbench<br />
<br />
== Paquetes que se eliminan tras actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Los siguientes paquetes se han eliminado de la distribución y se han marcado como obsoletos en el paquete {{pkg|task-obsolete}}, así que serán eliminados tras la actualización.<br />
<br />
Esta categoría contiene los siguientes paquetes:<br />
* {{pkg|fslint}} ya que requiere python2 y gtk2. Vea el [https://github.com/pixelb/fslint/issues/172 reporte en el sitio de desarrollo]. Tal vez quiera probar [https://github.com/qarmin/czkawka czkawka] que puede [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Flatpak|instalarse mediante flatpak]].<br />
* [[#Aplicaciones de Internet|Iceape]]<br />
* {{pkg|java3d}} {{bug|27875}}<br />
* {{pkg|kde-rootactions-servicemenu}} se ha eliminado por que no recibe mantenimiento y tiene fallos.<br />
* {{prog|Mailman}} debido a problemas de seguridad y a que depende de python2. Desafortunadamente aun no tenemos Mailman 3. [https://www.gnu.org/software/mailman/ El sitio de mailman] lista instrucciones de instalación y un contenedor Docker esta disponible [https://docs.mailman3.org/en/latest/install/install.html aquí.]<br />
* El controlador [[#Controlador_Propietario_NVIDIA|nvidia340]] ha sido eliminado.<br />
* {{prog|PlayOnLinux}}, ya aun no esta portado a Python3, vea el sitio del desarrollador {{bug|28717}}. <br />
Como alternativa pruebe [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Ejecutar programas de MSWindows|Ejecutar programas de MSWindows]] y [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Entornos de Juegos (y algunas aplicaciones también)|Entornos de Juegos]] en su lugar.<br />
* Los anfitriones de 32 bit de [[#VirtualBox|VirtualBox]].<br />
* {{pkg|youtube-dl-gui}} (Python2). Alternativas sugeridas: [https://github.com/oleksis/youtube-dl-gui la bifurcación en Python3], desde los repositorios {{pkg|Tartube}} o {{pkg|clipgrab}}. [https://clipgrab.org/].<br />
* ...<br />
{{...-es}}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Release Notes]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 8]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Notas_sobre_Mageia_8&diff=51893Notas sobre Mageia 82021-05-19T13:18:43Z<p>Filip: /* Mediante mgaonline (interfaz gráfica)) */ proper link fix</p>
<hr />
<div><!-- '''This information is available in other languages''':<br /><br />
* [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]]<br />
<br />
disable this so it's not in release note of isos medias--><br />
{{multi language banner-es|[[Mageia 8 Veröffentlichungshinweise-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]] ; [[Notas_sobre_Mageia_8|Español]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notes_de_version-fr|Français]] ; ; [[Mageia 8 note di rilascio-it|Italiano]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notas_da_Versão_pt-PT|Portuguese (Portugal)]] }}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Introducción =<br />
<br />
Mageia es un Sistema Operativo Libre de la familia GNU/Linux que puede usarse, bien como sistema operativo principal, o bien como un sistema alternativo junto a otros instalados en su ordenador (''arranque dual''). Se trata de un proyecto comunitario apoyado por la organización sin fines de lucro Mageia.Org de contribuyentes electos. Mageia está desarrollado '' por '' y '' para '' su comunidad y es adecuado para todo tipo de usuarios, desde aquellos que recién comienzan con GNU/Linux hasta quienes son programadores experimentados o administradores de sistemas.<br />
<br />
La última versión estable del proyecto Mageia, Mageia 8, comenzó su desarrollo hace más de un año. Tendrá soporte con actualizaciones de seguridad y corrección de fallos durante 18 meses, hasta Octubre del 2022.<br />
<br />
== Medios de instalación disponibles ==<br />
<br />
Mageia cuenta con tres medios de instalación distintos:<br />
<br />
* Las '''ISOs Clásicas''' (DVD 32-bit, DVD 64-bit), que hacen uso del [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/index.html instalador tradicional DrakX]. Las versiones ISO DVD de 32-bit y 64-bit contienen todas las configuraciones regionales, una gran variedad de paquetes entre los cuales elegir (incluidos los entornos de escritorio con mayor integración) y '''todos los controladores no-libres'''. El uso de paquetes no libres puede ser deshabilitado durante la instalación. <br />
<br />
Recuerde que por decisión, el instalador clásico no utilizara controladores propietarios durante la instalación, así que necesitara conexión por cable Ethernet si desea utilizar los repositorios remotos durante la instalación.<br />
<br />
* '''ISOs de instalación por red''' (32 y 64 bit, en versiones free y nonfree), tienen un tamaño mínimo y solo contienen la [[#Stage_1|primer etapa del instalador]], la cual incluye el soporte de hardware necesario para arrancar, conectar a una red y descargar la etapa 2. Puede necesitar la versión para los controladores necesarios para algunas tarjetas inalambricas. De ahí en adelante se comporta como una imagen de instalación clásica con la excepción de que obtiene todo desde la red, ya sea desde Mageia o posiblemente algún repositorio local. ''Nota: Es una buena idea hacer una instalación mínima y posteriormente instalar el resto desde el sistema ya instalado - especialmente durante la etapa de desarrollo de Mageia (alpha, beta, RC) donde los paquetes y especialmente los archivos que los enlistan cambian con frecuencia. Nota: Estas imagenes no estan adaptadas para iniciar en EFI 32-bit .''<br />
<br />
* Las '''ISOs Live''', que pueden usarse para probar la distribución, permiten la instalación de Mageia en el disco duro<!--are an installation alternative to place Mageia on your hard drive.-->. Los DVDs Live vienen con los entornos de escritorio Plasma (64 bits), GNOME (64 bits) o Xfce (32 o 64 bits). Incluyen todas las configuraciones regionales compatibles y una preselección de software, convirtiéndolos en una vía rápida para empezar a trabajar con Mageia. Añadimos la opción de ''[[Metodos_de_instalaci%C3%B3n#Partici.C3.B3n_persistente_en_memorias_USBs|persistencia]]'' que permite crear una partición (que puede cifrarse) en un dispositivo de memoria USB para guardar las personalizaciones del sistema de modo que todavía estén allí después de reiniciar. '''Ahora podrá llevar Mageia y a sus archivos con usted!''' El modo persistente necesita ''menos'' RAM. Tip: Para optimizar las actualizaciones puede desinstalar paquetes, vea [[Removing packages#Persistent Live USB]] y más en esa pagina. También podrá [[Draklive2|¡Crear su propio Live!]]<br />
<br />
Todas las imágenes ISO pueden ser grabadas en un DVD o [[Metodos_de_instalación#Transferir_una_imagen_de_Mageia_a_una_memoria_USB|transferirse a un dispositivo de memoria USB]]. Tenga en cuenta los límites de tamaño de archivo y dispositivo, ya que, por ejemplo, una imagen ISO de 4 GB puede ser demasiado grande para algunas unidades USB 'nominalmente' de 4 GB, debido a que su capacidad real es ligeramente inferior al tamaño comercializado.<br />
<br />
Para más información vea nuestro [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/Select-and-use-ISOs.html instructivo acerca de los medios de instalación].<br />
<br />
En la [https://www.mageia.org/8/ página de descarga de Mageia 8] encontrará las distintas opciones disponibles: descarga directa (FTP y HTTP) y BitTorrent.<br />
<br />
== Los repositorios en línea de Mageia ==<br />
<br />
Los paquetes de software incluidos en Mageia se localizan en tres repositorios/medios diferentes de acuerdo al tipo de licencia al que estén sujetos. A continuación tiene una descripción general de estos repositorios:<br />
<br />
* '''Core''': El repositorio Core incluye paquetes con software libre y de código abierto licenciados bajo una licencia de este tipo. De forma predeterminada, los repositorios 'Core', 'Core Release' y 'Core Updates', están habilitados.<br />
* '''Nonfree''': El repositorio Nonfree incluye paquetes gratuitos y de libre distribución, pero de código cerrado (de ahí el nombre - Nonfree o NoLibre). Este repositorio incluye, por ejemplo, los controladores propietarios para las tarjetas de video NVIDIA y AMD/ATI, los firmware de varias tarjetas WiFi, etc.<br /><br />
El medio Nonfree está habilitado de forma predeterminada, pero puede desactivarse durante la instalación si así lo desea.<br />
* '''Tainted''': El repositorio Tainted incluye paquetes con licencia libre. El motivo principal por el que algunos paquetes se destinan a este repositorio es porque pueden infringir patentes y leyes de propiedad intelectual en algunos países, p. ej., codecs multimedia necesarios para reproducir varios archivos de audio/video, paquetes necesarios para reproducir un video DVD comercial, etc. El medio Tainted se incluye de forma predeterminada en Mageia pero '''no''' está habilitado. Es totalmente opcional hacerlo. Revise las disposiciones legales de su país antes de usar los paquetes de este repositorio.<br />
<br />
==== Repositorios 32 bit en sistemas 64 bit ====<br />
<br />
Por favor recuerde que '''en un sistema 64-bit''', los repositorios de '''32-bit están configurados, pero, por defecto, deshabilitados'''.<br />
Si se habilitan los repositorios Nonfree o Tainted de 64-bit, también deberían habilitarse los repositorios de 32-bit correspondientes (tanto en sus ramas Release como Update) porque algunos paquetes como {{prog|PlayOnLinux}} o {{prog|Steam}} lo requerirán. En el caso de que quiera instalar paquetes como PlayOnLinux o Steam, que tienen dependencias en los repositorios de 32-bit, asegúrese de tener habilitados, al menos, "Core 32bit Release" y "Core 32bit Updates". De igual forma para algunos casos las versiones 32 bit de los repositorios Nonfree o Tainted (ambos en sus variantes Release y Updates) pueden ser necesarios. Reglas básicas: No habilite un repositorio de 32 bit sin la versión de 64 bit correspondiente ya que (generalmente) las bibliotecas de 64-bits tienen preferencia en los sistemas de 64 bit, y una vez que un repositorio de 32 bit es utilizado, mantenga las variantes Release y Updates habilitadas para no entorpecer las actualizaciones.<br />
<br />
= Novedades destacadas =<br />
<br />
== Análisis de metadatos de paquetes más veloz ==<br />
<br />
Los metadatos en Urpmi están comprimidos con Zstd en lugar de Xz (con lo cual se consigue una lectura más veloz de los mismos).<br />
<br />
== Python2 está casi retirado ==<br />
<br />
La mayoría de software y módulos de python2 fueron eliminados.<br />
<br />
== Soporte ARM ==<br />
<br />
El port ARM (Advanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) Machine) = Avanzada Máquina RISC (Reducido Conjunto de Instrucciones de Computo)), recomenzado en días de Mageia 7, se ha mejorado.<br />
<br />
El núcleo está disponible para ARMv7 y AArch64. No dispone de un instalador tradicional por el momento y todavía está en un estadío experimental, pero la mayor parte de la distribución fue construida satisfactoriamente en ambas arquitecturas (vea nuestra [https://pkgsubmit.mageia.org/arm-status.html revisión del estado de ARM] para más información). El plan es proveer imágenes de instalación para los dispositivos ARM populares en los próximos meses. No existe una fecha definida para la llegada de dichas imagenes.<br />
<br />
Drakboot ahora tiene capacidades limitadas para configurar UEFI en AArch64.<br />
<br />
= Principales novedades =<br />
<br />
== Instalacion ==<br />
<br />
=== Stage 1 ===<br />
<br />
* El soporte de hardware fue ampliado para que el instalador pueda funcionar en los equipos más recientes y más tarjetas insalambricas.<br />
* El soporte para NFS se realiza utilizando herramientas del sistema en lugar de nuestro código bifurcado de NFS hace 15 años, obteniendo así soporte para NFSv4 y compañía...<br />
* Se soporta la carga del Stage2 en redes inalambricas con cifrado through WPA2 ({{bug|9541}}) (el cifrado WEP aun esta soportado).<br />
<br />
=== Stage 2 ===<br />
<br />
* Muchísimos fallos solucionados y mejoras en el particionador<br />
* La imagen Squashfs ahora está comprimida con Zstd en lugar de Xz logrando un inicio de sistema más rápido.<br />
* Soporte para sistemas de archivos:<br />
** Soporte para la instalación sobre F2FS (en modo experto)<br />
** Soporte Nilfs2 mejorado: ahora puede ser reformateado o redimensionado (pero todavía no es adecuado como sistema de archivos del sistema debido a características faltantes)<br />
** XFS puede ahora ser redimensionado aún sin estar sobre LVM (siempre y cuando la partición tenga espacio para ampliarse)<br />
** Los sistemas de archivos exFAT se muestran de la misma forma que los FAT y NTFS (pero exFAT no puede redimensionarse)<br />
** NTFS de Windows 10 ("[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms Compact OS]") ahora tiene soporte a través del [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms plugin ntfs-3g-system-compression] ({{bug|21737}})<br />
* La configuración del cargador de arranque es más segura: mantenemos el viejo grub.cfg hasta que upgrade-grub2 lo reemplace ({{bug|25542}})<br />
* Instalación mínima sobre LUKS es posible<br />
<br />
=== Recuperación ===<br />
<br />
El sistema de recuperación fue enriquecido:<br />
* La imagen Squashfs ahora está comprimida con Zstd en lugar de Xz logrando un inicio más rápido.<br />
* es capaz de reparar LVMs/LUKS cifrados ({{bug|22795}})<br />
<br />
=== ISOs Live ===<br />
<br />
* Diskdrake soporta ahora la adición de particiones a las ISOs Live transferidas a dispositivos de memoria USB ({{bug|25224}}).<br />
* Las ISOs Live ahora arrancan sin configurar X.Org, delegando esa función al modo automático de X.Org.<br />
* La partición persistente de una ISO Live transferida a memorias USB puede cifrarse ({{bug|25191}})<br />
* El instalador Live soporta configurar los repositorios e instalar actualizaciones<br />
<br />
=== Soporte de Hardware ===<br />
<br />
* ARM v7 y AArch64 ahora son arquitecturas primarias en las que se generan todos los paquetes.<br />
<br />
== Localización (l10n) / Internacionalización (i18n) ==<br />
<br />
=== Manuales ===<br />
<br />
* Los manuales para el instalador tradicional y para el Centro de Control Mageia fueron (parcialmente) traducidos en muchos más idiomas. Vea [http://www.mageia.org/doc/ nuestra documentación oficial].<br />
* El manual HTML muestra una captura de pantalla en inglés cuando no hay disponible una que corresponda a la configuración regional.<br />
* Los manuales en PDF y EPUB se generan cuando se dispone de más de la mitad de las capturas de pantalla necesarias para una determinada configuración regional.<br />
<br />
=== Traducción de Software ===<br />
<br />
Nuevas traducciones fueron añadidas y otras mejoradas.<br />
Gracias a nuestra dedicada comunidad de traductores por su trabajo.<br />
<br />
== Gestión de paquetes ==<br />
<br />
=== Nuevo RPM ===<br />
<br />
RPM fue actualizado a la versión 4.16.1.2.<br />
<br />
RPM 4.16 ofrece mejoras importantes, entre ellas:<br />
<br />
* Añade detección automática y optimización de unidades SSD (en Linux, desactivado por defecto)<br />
* Añade sincronización de los sistemas de ficheros al final de las transacciones (rhbz#1461765)<br />
* Añade función hash criptográfica SHA256 a los encabezados gpg-pubkey.<br />
* Añade soporte para meta dependencias (p. ej, Requires(meta): algún_paquete) que no afecta al orden de instalación/borrado (rhbz#1648721)<br />
* Añade soporte para generadores de macros paramétricas.<br />
* Retiro del soporte de RPM v3, visiblemente (#1007)<br />
* Operaciones más rápidas:<br />
** Optimiza varias operaciones a través de paralelización (hasta %_smp_build_ncpus)<br />
** Optimiza varias operaciones a través de la paralelización de hilos (hasta %_smp_build_nthreads, pero limitado a un máximo de 4 en plataformas de 32 bits)<br />
** Añade soporte para el procesamiento en paralelo en brp-strip<br />
** Priorización de paquetes grandes al escribir paquetes<br />
* Backends:<br />
** Desuso del backend de Berkeley DB<br />
** Añade una implementación independiente para el soporte BDB de sólo lectura (experimental)<br />
** Añade un nuevo backend de base de datos en SQLite (experimental)<br />
** Promueve NDB, sacándolo de su estado experimental<br />
<br />
Más información acerca de los cambios de RPM 4.14 (incluido en Mageia 7) a RPM 4.16 disponible en el sitio web de RPM:<br />
* RPM 4.16.1.2: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1.2<br />
* RPM 4.16.1: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1<br />
* RPM 4.16: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.0<br />
* RPM 4.15: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.15.0<br />
<br />
=== DNF: el gestor de paquetes alternativo ===<br />
<br />
DNF (Dandified Yum) fue introducido como una alternativa a urpmi desde Mageia 6.<br />
<br />
DNF es un software de nueva generación para resolver dependencias y una herramienta de empaquetado de alto nivel heredado de dos proyectos:<br />
El YUM de Fedora (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) y el SAT Solver (libsolv) de openSUSE. DNF fue bifurcado de YUM hace muchos años con el propósito de reescribirlo para usar la librería SAT Solver de openSUSE y reestructurar su código base de forma que una API estuviera disponible tanto para extender DNF (a través de complementos y hooks), como para crear aplicaciones por encima de ella (como frontends gráficos y frameworks de automatización del ciclo de vida del sistema).<br />
<br />
DNF viene con un reporte de fallas mejorado, rastreador avanzado de dependencias débiles, soporte para dependencias ricas (vea las notas de lanzamiento de RPM), y ofrece información más detallada mientras lleva a cabo las acciones.<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 viene con DNF v4.6.0.<br />
<br />
La actualización del sistema mediante DNF está soportada. Vea la [[#Mediante linea de comandos (DNF)|sección acerca de actualizar con DNF]] en las notas de lanzamiento para más información.<br />
<br />
Más información acerca de la modularidad: https://docs.pagure.org/modularity/<br />
<br />
Notas de lanzamiento de DNF: https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/release_notes.html<br />
<br />
Con una instalación desde 0 a través de los DVD de ISO Clásicos o Live, DNF se instalará en paralelo con urpmi. Dependiendo del método usado para actualizar a Mageia 8, puede ser necesario instalar el paquete {{Prog|dnf}} para que esté disponible.<br />
<br />
Para más información acerca de cómo usar DNF, consulte la página de wiki: [[Using DNF|Usando DNF]].<br />
<br />
=== AppStream ===<br />
<br />
Nuestros repositorios RPM-MD (MetaDatos RPM), usados por DNF y PackageKit, proveen metadatos AppStream. Herramientas como el Software de GNOME (Escritorio GNOME, empaquetado como {{Prog|gnome-software}}) y Plasma Discover (Escritorio Plasma KDE, empaquetado como {{Prog|discover}}), aprovechan los metadatos de AppStream para proporcionar una experiencia completa al buscar, identificar y administrar aplicaciones.<br />
<br />
AppStream es un esfuerzo multi-distribución para enriquecer los repositorios de software estandarizando los metadatos de los componentes de software. Esto habilita una vista centrada en la aplicación en los repositorios de paquetes y provee especificaciones de las cosas necesarias para crear centros de aplicaciones amigables al usuario.<br />
<br />
Consulte el sitio web de AppStream para más información: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Distributions/AppStream/<br />
<br />
=== perl-URPM y urpmi ===<br />
<br />
* Doc se beneficia de nuevas mejoras (p. ej.: [https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/URPM/URPM.pm URPM] - [https://metacpan.org/pod/urpm urpm] - CPAN)<br />
* [http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=urpmi urpmi]/[http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=URPM perl-URPM] soporta un abanico más amplio de versiones de rpm, desde la versión 4.9 hasta la última 4.16, perl desde la versión 5.8 hasta 5.32<br />
* Muchas fallas fueron reparadas<br />
* Urpmi soporta la opción --reinstall<br />
* Los Metadatos de urpmi se comprimen con Zstd en lugar de con Xz (mayor velocidad de procesamiento)<br />
* Por defecto los repositorios de 32-bit no están habilitados en sistemas 64-bit ({{bug|24376}})<br />
** excepto en sistemas con EFI de 32-bit, donde el repositorio Core 32-bit es necesario para el gestor de arranque<br />
* Al agregar medios Distrib, habilite los medios de 32 bits si es necesario ({{bug|24438}})<br />
<br />
== Herramientas ==<br />
<br />
=== Centro de Control Mageia ===<br />
<br />
=== Otros ===<br />
<br />
==== MageiaWelcome ====<br />
La pantalla de 'Bienvenida' es una aplicación que se presenta al usuario cuando inicia una instalación fresca de Mageia. Ahora ha sido rediseñada por completo desde un enfoque lineal, con pasos sucesivos en un orden lógico de las cosas importantes que debe saber y hacer después de la instalación. Por defecto, se ejecutará en cada arranque, pero este comportamiento es opcional. Incluso si la opción de ejecución automática está desactivada, puede invocarse en cualquier momento como una aplicación (mageiawelcome).<br />
<br />
MageiaWelcome utiliza Python y QML. Ahora usa las fuentes del entorno de escritorio y puede redimensionarse.<br />
<br />
==== Isodumper ====<br />
<br />
[[Grabando imágenes ISO en memorias USB con IsoDumper|Isodumper]] es una herramienta para grabar imágenes ISO en dispositivos de memoria. La rutina de comprobación posterior a la operación de escritura consulta ahora un archivo de sha3 sum y la firma correspondiente.<br><br><br />
Cuando se añada una partición ''persistente'' esta podrá cifrarse. Sólo las imágenes ISO de Mageia 8 y posteriores la reconocerán. Consulte [[Metodos_de_instalación#Partición persistente en memorias USB|esto]] para más información.<br />
<br />
==== Docker ====<br />
<br />
El ecosistema Docker (basado en la versión 19.03 del motor) fue ampliado con muchas herramientas adicionales como docker-compose (orquestadores con soporte v3), contenedores (runC controlado por demonio), docker-registry (compartición de imágenes), docker-machine (instalar docker en un sistema remoto) y python-docker (librerías de python 2 y 3 para la manipulación de la API del motor).<br />
<br />
==== Herramientas de LiveCD ====<br />
<br />
Con Mageia 8, las Herramientas de LiveCD han sido llevadas a la última versión (v27.0).<br />
<br />
Para más información acerca de cómo usar LiveCD Tools, consulte la página de wiki: [[Using the LiveCD Tools|Usando las Herramientas LiveCD]]<br />
<br />
==== draklive2 ====<br />
<br />
La herramienta usada para construir ISOs Live de la distribución fue revisada para hacerla más fácil de usar. Se proporcionan muchos ejemplos para ayudar a los usuarios a construir sus propias versiones personalizadas de ISOs Live. Ahora dispone de un modo GUI (con interfaz de usuario gráfica) basado en el instalador clásico de Mageia para permitir la selección de paquetes y configuraciones regionales.<br />
<br />
Para más información, visite la página del wiki: [[draklive2]]<br />
<br />
==== PCMemTest ====<br />
<br />
Es una bifurcación y reescritura de la utilidad de comprobación de memoria Memtest86+. A diferencia de Memtest86+, PCMemTest puede utilizarse en sistemas UEFI y BIOS (con la limitación de que en sistemas UEFI, el teclado solo funcionara si se activa la opción CSM). PCMemTest reemplaza a Memtest86+ en todas las imágenes ISO de Mageia. También puede instalarse en el sistema del usuario, agregándose automáticamente al menu de arranque.<br />
<br />
== Sistema base ==<br />
<br />
=== Kernel y soporte de hardware ===<br />
<br />
* Mageia 8 viene con el kernel 5.10.16.<br />
Todo el hardware gestionado por esta versión del kernel está disponible. El kernel proporciona mejores gráficos con Mesa 20.3.4. <br />
* Se incluyen otros 'sabores' del kernel, particularmente, kernel-linus (kernel vanilla sin ningún conjunto de parches extra). Consulte la página de wiki [[Kernel flavours]] para más información.<br />
* Los planificadores de E/S Single-queue (Fila simple) fueron retirados desde el kernel 5.0 . Si requiere utilizar la utilidad ionice, considere instalar el nuevo paquete {{pkg|ionice-scheduler}} que habilita el planificador BFQ para los discos mecánicos.<br />
* cpupower y powersave <BR><br />
Hay algunos cambios al respecto desde la versión 5.8. Si utilizaba intel_pstate (para cpus Intel Sandy Bridge y posteriores), se ha cambiado el comportamiento predeterminado en CPUs que no cuentan con soporte para P-states manejados por hardware (HWP), y necesitara añadir el parámetro ''intel_pstate=active'' a las opciones del kernel para restaurar el comportamiento previo en caso de que note una disminución del rendimiento. (vea el reporte {{bug|27191}}).<br />
<br />
=== Controladores Gráficos ===<br />
<br />
Mesa se ha actualizado a la versión 20.3.4.<br />
<br />
Los controladores gráficos ahora utiliza una complementación libGL neutral al proveedor (coloquialmente llamada "glvnd": GL Vendor Neutral Dispatch) la cual fue desarrollada para solucionar diversos problemas con el soporte OpenGL en los sistemas Linux modernos. <br />
* Los usuarios tendrán la posibilidad de instalar Mesa y controladores GL de terceros en paralelo.<br />
* Esto habilita desempeño y funcionalidades adicionales para configuraciones con GPU hibridas. <br />
<br />
==== Sistema de ventanas X (X11) ====<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 llega con X.Org 1.20.10.<br />
<br />
==== Controladores de video AMD ====<br />
* Mageia 8 usa los controladores de video libres para las tarjetas de video AMD/ATI, AMDGPU para las tarjetas más nuevas y Radeon para las más antiguas. Los controladores libres también usan el actual Mesa 20.0, incluido en Mageia 8. En comparación con Mageia 7, se incrementó el soporte de hardware y existe una mejora en el rendimiento.<br />
* El controlador propietario AMDGPU-PRO sólo funciona actualmente con X.org 1.1xx, por lo que no puede ser usado en Mageia 8.<br />
* En el caso de una tarjeta híbrida, la solución expuesta para el [[#Optimus laptops|controlador nouveau]] y el pre-comando DRI_PRIME=n también funciona, al menos para el controlador radeon.<br />
<br />
==== Controladores NVIDIA ====<br />
* Se proporciona la actual versión del controlador libre Nouveau. En comparación con Mageia 7, se incrementó el soporte de hardware y las prestaciones.<br />
* El paquete para el último controlador propietario NVIDIA (NVIDIA-current esta en la versión 455.45.01 al momento de escribir esto) y todos los controladores propietarios NVIDIA se encuentran en los repositorios nonfree. <br />
<br />
====== Controlador Propietario NVIDIA ======<br />
* Para las tarjetas más recientes desde la serie R460 con el controlador {{pkg|nvidia-current}} (solo en 64 bits)<br />
<br />
* Para tarjetas de vídeo antiguas, los controladores propietarios para la serie R390 "{{pkg|nvidia390}}", desafortunadamente hemos tenido que retirar el controlador para las series R340 debido a problemas de seguridad en el binario de NVIDIA. Varias tarjetas están soportadas por el controlador para las series R390.<br />
<br />
===== Laptops Optimus =====<br />
Algunas portátiles actuales tienen "Graficas Híbridas", o sea que tienen dos tarjetas graficas: una es usualmente la "interna" (o "integrada") a la CPU, se le llama IGP (Procesador Grafico Integrado), y la otra es la "dedicada", externa al CPU, es llamada "discreta" (DGP, Procesador Grafico Discreto/Dedicado). Las tarjetas graficas internas usualmente son menos potentes (pero consume menos energía) que la discreta.<br />
<br />
Los propietarios de portátiles [https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia_Optimus NVIDIA Optimus] (procesador de gráficos Intel integrado y GPU NVIDIA discreta, o un procesador grafico AMD/ATI y una GPU NVIDIA discreta)) ahora tienen tres formas de beneficiarse de la potencia de su GPU discreta:<br />
<br />
* El controlador Nouveau gratuito admite el offloading de PRIME GPU y se puede usar con la variable DRI_PRIME = 1 (siempre que no se use el controlador NVIDIA patentado, por ejemplo, mageia-prime). Consulte la [https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/Optimus/ documentación de Nouveau] para obtener más información sobre cómo configurar Xorg para usar NVIDIA Prime con DRI3.<br />
* Como en Mageia 7, el paquete [[Bumblebee]] puede usarse para puentear el monitor al GPU NVIDIA, permitiendo acceder a su potencia de procesamiento aunque con algo de sobrecarga.<br />
* Se puede utilizar una nueva herramienta, compatible con kernels Linux y servidores Xorg recientes, llamada [[Mageia-prime para Optimus|mageia-prime]] para configurar NVIDIA Prime . Permite cambiar completamente al uso de la GPU NVIDIA sin la sobrecarga de Bumblebee, y es especialmente adecuado para su uso con CUDA. <br />
<br />
En los tres casos, al configurar los controladores gráficos durante la instalación y con las herramientas de mageia regulares, solo se debe configurar la tarjeta integrada (al menos en la mayoría de las configuraciones de Optimus), ya que "generalmente" es la única conectada físicamente a un monitor (De fallar inténtelo del otro modo).<br />
<br />
=== Cargadores de arranque ===<br />
* GRUB2 se ha actualizado a 2.04, con varias características y correcciones retroportadas desde la futura rama 2.06<br />
* Para el arranque UEFI, el [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/ cargador de arranque rEFInd] ahora se admite como alternativa a GRUB2.<br />
<br />
== Entornos de Escritorio ==<br />
<br />
Todos los entornos de escritorio mencionados a continuación se incluyen en los repositorios en línea de Mageia y pueden coexistir en cualquier sistema Mageia 8. Algunos de ellos también se incluyen en los medios físicos, LiveDVDs y DVDs clásicos, como se especifica en cada sección.<br />
<br />
=== Plasma ===<br />
<br />
Plasma, el entorno de escritorio de la comunidad KDE, se ofrece en su versión 5.20.4, construido en base a Qt 5.15.2, KDE Frameworks 5.76 y la version 20.12.0 de las aplicaciones KDE.<br />
<br />
Si quiere probar Plasma sobre '''Wayland''', instale {{pkg|plasma-workspace-wayland}}, y debería aparecer en la lista de entornos de escritorio de su gestor de pantalla favorito.<br />
<br />
El gestor de pantalla predeterminado (DM) para el entorno Plasma es SDDM.<br />
<br />
Si en Mageia 7 tiene habilitado Compiz, deshabilitelo antes de actualizar a Mageia 8, vea la [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Plasma|Errata]].<br />
<br />
Plasma tiene un LiveDVD 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona GNOME 3.38.3. Ahora se ejecuta por defecto en Wayland, pero también ofrece la alternativa de sesión "GNOME en Xorg". Note que con los controladores propietarios de Nvidia, GNOME inicia `por defecto una sesión X11.<br />
<br />
Para aquellos que prefieren el estilo de GNOME 2, GNOME 3 proporciona también una sesión "Gnome Clásico".<br />
<br />
GNOME tiene un LiveDVD 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== LXDE ===<br />
<br />
El entorno de escritorio superligero basado en GTK+2 todavía está disponible y continúa recibiendo mejoras de sus desarrolladores y de nuestro mantenedor de Mageia, aún cuando parte de su comunidad está enfocada en LXQt.<br />
<br />
LXDE puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== Xfce ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona [https://www.xfce.org/about/tour416 Xfce 4.16].<br />
<br />
<br />
Xfce tiene LiveDVD 32-bit y 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== LXQt ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona LXQt 0.16.0.<br />
<br />
LXQt no puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional) debido a limitaciones de espacio en las ISOs.<br />
Es necesario agregar el repositorio en línea para habilitar más opciones en la instalación inicial - esto está explicado en la [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/es/content/software.html#add_supplemental_media documentación del instalador].<br />
<br />
{{Pkg| picom}} reemplaza a {{Pkg| compton}} como compositor de transparencias para openbox, - [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#LXQt|un ajuste manual puede ser necesario]]<br />
<br />
=== MATE ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona MATE 1.24.2.<br />
<br />
MATE puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional). Debido a consideraciones de espacio en el DVD, algunas aplicaciones como mate-screenshot (programa de capturas de pantalla) no están incluidas en la ISO DVD Clásica. Para una experiencia completa del escritorio MATE, se recomienda a los usuarios instalar el paquete {{pkg|task-mate}} después de la instalación inicial.<br />
<br />
=== Cinnamon === <br />
<br />
Se proporciona Cinnamon 4.8.3<br />
<br />
Cinnamon puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalación tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== Enlightenment ===<br />
<br />
El paquete Enlightenment viene con E24.2 y las bibliotecas Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL) 1.25.1, que incluye los paquetes Elementary, Evas-generic-loaders y Evas-generic-players. Entre lo sobresaliente de esta versión esta el soporte para Bluez5, una mejorada herramienta de captura de pantalla, un más flexible modulo de control de música, el monitor de sistema Evisum, la integración del agente de autentificación Polkit-EFL, y una configuración separada de las aplicaciones a cargar al reiniciar E. Para más detalles vea https://www.enlightenment.org/news/e24.2.<br />
<br />
Desde luego Mageia incluye el gestor de conexiones Connman con la interfaz Econnman, y tres aplicaciones basadas en EFL: Terminology el avanzado emulador de terminal, Ephoto el rápido visor de imágenes, y Rage el ligero reproductor de videos. Al igual que con el lanzamiento anterior, Mageia 8 ofrece también un tema con motivos de Mageia como el predeterminado.<br />
<br />
Para aquellos nuevos o que regresen a E, los procesos y aplicaciones de inicio no se toman automáticamente de {{folder|/etc/xdg/autostart}}. Después de la instalación, vaya a {{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Aplicaciones al inicio}}, y agregue los procesos y aplicaciones que necesite que se inicien al arrancar. Las Aplicaciones que (solamente) se carguen al reiniciar el escritorio se manejan separadamente en una lista disponible en {{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Aplicaciones > Aplicaciones al reinicio}}.<br />
<br />
La bandeja del sistema de Enlightenment que utiliza notificaciones SNI, es un modulo separado y debe de ser cargado ({{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Módulos}}) y añadido a un panel (shelf), donde las aplicaciones de Mageia y otras serán mostradas. Las aplicaciones Gtk con soporte appindicator (e.j., el plugin Ubuntu indicator de Pidgin) ahora mostraran sus iconos correctamente.<br />
<br />
Actualmente hay dos problemas conocidos. Primero, Mageia habilita systemd-networkd por defecto para la administración de las redes. Aquellos que prefieran utilizar connman con la interfaz Econnman encontraran que no siempre funciona (tras deshabilitar systemd-networkd y habilitar connman.service), tal vez un resultado de la configuración predeterminada de wpa_supplicant. Existe un gadget recientemente desarrollado que puede utilizar diferentes backends para la administración de las redes inalámbricas, pero aun no se incluye en los repositorios de Mageia.) Segundo, reiniciar E algunas veces produce una advertencia de que el cache Efreet no se ha actualizado. Po lo general puede ignorarlo ya que es producto de un tiempo de espera que para algunos sistemas es muy corto.<br />
<br />
=== Gestores de ventanas livianos ===<br />
<br />
También puede mantener su instalación Mageia 8 aún más ligera y proporcionamos para esto una gran cantidad de pequeños y eficientes gestores de ventanas. Usted puede encontrar afterstep, awesome, dwm, fluxbox, fvwm2, fvwm-crystal, i3, icewm, jwm, matchbox, openbox, pekwm, sugar, swm, y windowmaker. Después de la instalación, aparecen en el menú de inicio de sesión de su gestor de pantalla.<br />
<br />
==== IceWM ====<br />
<br />
IceWM se instala por defecto como entorno de soporte, incluso cuando se selecciona Plasma o GNOME en el instalador. También esta presente en todas las ISO Live.<br />
<br />
Para iniciarlo seleccione "icewm-session" en el administrador de sesión.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones de oficina ==<br />
<br />
LibreOffice ha sido actualizado a 7.0.4.2. Vea las [https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/7.0/es notas del lanzamiento oficial] para más detalles.<br />
<br />
=== Aplicaciones de Internet ===<br />
<br />
'''Iceape''' ha sido retirado, ya que Seamonkey aun no soporta python 3. Nota: ¡Deberá exportar su contenido '''antes''' de actualizar a Mageia 8! Una guía puede encontrarse en {{bug|26593#c14}} y en las búsquedas por internet.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones multimedia ==<br />
<br />
Desde que su última patente expiró, en abril del 2017, el codificador mp3 está disponible desde los repositorios core. Tainted es necesario aún para H.264, H.265/HEVC y AAC.<br />
<br />
==Editores==<br />
<br />
* Vim ha sido actualizado a 8.2.1522<br />
* NeoVim 0.4.3 también se incluye<br />
<br />
== Juegos ==<br />
<br />
En la comunidad de Mageia, nuestro amor por el software libre no excluye a los juegos de código abierto. Se ha hecho un gran esfuerzo durante el ciclo de lanzamiento de Mageia 8 para empaquetar muchos juegos nuevos, haciendo de Mageia 8 una muy buena plataforma para jugadores intensivos y casuales por igual. <br />
Puede revisar Mageia App DB para una lista de [http://mageia.madb.org/package/comparison/release/7/withrelease/8/group/78%2C20%2C64%2C10%2C30%2C46%2C109%2C138%2C74%2C1 todos los juegos nuevos y actualizados en Mageia 8]. La sección siguiente sólo dará algunos ejemplos tomados al tun tun para cada categoría.<br />
<br />
== Educación ==<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 viene con [http://gcompris.net/ gcompris-qt] 1.0. En febrero del 2015, estuvimos entre [https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/new-unified-graphics-for-gcompris quienes colaboraron para mejorar la interfaz gráfica de este importante proyecto].<br />
<br />
== Desarrollo de Software ==<br />
<br />
=== Compiladores y herramientas ===<br />
<br />
Glibc ha sido actualizado a 2.32.<br />
<br />
GCC ha sido actualizado a 10.2, GDB a 10.1 y Valgrind a 3.16.1.<br />
<br />
LLVM ha sido actualizado a 11.0.1.<br />
<br />
Firebird ha sido actualizado a 3.0.7<br />
<br />
IPython ha sido actualizado a 7.19.<br />
<br />
La mayoría de las librerías fueron actualizadas a su versión estable más reciente (con soporte a largo plazo en los casos en que estuvo disponible), como Qt 5.15.2 y GTK+ 3.24.24.<br />
<br />
GTK4 se ofrece en su versión 4.1.0<br />
<br />
Tcl/Tk está en su versión 8.6.10.<br />
<br />
Ocaml ha sido actualizado a 4.10<br />
<br />
Java se ha actualizado a la versión 11, java 8 aun esta disponible pero no es la versión predeterminada. java 16 esta en los repositorios backports.<br />
<br />
Mono se ha actualizado a la versión 6.10.<br />
<br />
Los componentes MinGW se han actualizado.<br />
<br />
=== Software de Virtualización ===<br />
<br />
QEmu ha sido actualizado a 5.2.<br />
<br />
libvirt ha sido actualizado a 7.0, virt-manager a 3.1.0, libguestfs a 1.44.<br />
Xen está en su versión 4.14.<br />
<br />
==== VirtualBox ====<br />
VirtualBox está en su versión 6.1.18.<br />
Nota: En la serie 6.1, VirtualBox solo soporta anfitriones x86_64. '''Cualquier anfitrión de 32 bit [[#Paquetes_que_se_eliminan_tras_actualizar|¡será eliminado]]!'''<br />
<br />
=== Lenguajes de programación ===<br />
<br />
Python 3 ha sido actualizado a 3.8.7.<br />
Python 2 está siendo retirado (la mayoría de módulos de python2 ya fueron quitados).<br />
<br />
Perl ha sido actualizado a 5.32.1<br />
<br />
Ruby ha sido actualizado a 2.7.2.<br />
<br />
Rust está en la versión 1.49.0. Será actualizado durante el ciclo de soporte de Mageia 8 para seguir los nuevos desarrollos.<br />
<br />
PHP ha sido actualizado a 8.0.2, lo que proporciona una mejora adicional en el rendimiento.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones de Servidor ==<br />
===Nginx===<br />
Las nuevas instalaciones del servidor http ''nginx'' utilizan el usuario "apache" : los servidores web en Mageia asumen que se utiliza el usuario "apache" creado por el paquete {{pkg|webserver-base}} (el cual deberán tener como dependencia). Este paquete ha dejado de utilizar "nginx" como usuario {{bug|26183}}.<br />
<br />
===Nextcloud===<br />
El servidor de Nextcloud no estuvo disponible al momento de publicarse Mageia 8, esto se debe a que la versión 21, la primera en soportar PHP8, aun no habia sido sido publicada.<br />
<br />
Por el lado positivo, proporcionamos 2 formas de instalarlo:<br />
* Nextcloud 21 se incluira en los repositorios backports de Mageia 8 backports, {{bug|28511}}.<br />
* En la pagina [[Nextcloud]] encontrara instrucciones para instalarlo manualmente.<br />
<br />
{{warning-es|Las versiones de Nextcloud previas a la versión 21 no funcionaran en Mageia 8 ya que PHP7 ha sido retirado.}}<br />
<br />
La versión principal de Nextcloud en Mageia 7 fue la 15 en el repositorio {{media|core release}}.<br />
¡No es recomendable saltarse versiones intermedias! Por lo tanto *antes* de migrar a Mageia 8 debe actualizar Nextcloud primero a la version 16, luego a la 17, luego a la 18, luego a la 19, y finalmente a la 20. Encontrara esas versiones en los repositorios {{media|backports}} de Mageia 7. En cada actualización asegúrese de que sus aplicaciones están actualizadas (se actualizan utilizando la interfaz de Nextcloud) y algunas es mejor desactivarlas o desinstalarlas antes de cada actualización y reactivarlas en cada actualización, también verifique que Nextcloud funciona tras cada actualización, compruebe los registros. Es muy buena idea hacer Respaldos antes de comenzar el proceso, también revisar la evolución de las instrucciones en https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Nextcloud.<br />
<br />
= Actualizando desde Mageia 7 =<br />
La actualización desde Mageia 7 está soportada y ha sido afinada en los últimos meses.<br />
<br />
Vea también [[Como elegir el Método correcto para Actualizar a una nueva versión|Como elegir el Método correcto para Actualizar a una nueva versión.]]<br />
<br />
{{note-es|Por favor, también lea la sección [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Problemas_de_actualización|Problemas de migración]] de las Erratas.}}<br />
<br />
== Preparativos == <br />
* Respalde cualquier información importante.<br />
* Realice una actualización del sistema (especialmente de rpm y urpmi). <br />
* Si quiere actualizar un sistema de 64-bit, '''primero debe desinstalar las bibliotecas de desarrollo de 32bit que pueda contener'''. Puede reconocerlas por la palabra "devel" en el nombre. Para saber si su sistema aloja dichas bibliotecas puede usar el comando: <br />
:{{cmd|<nowiki>rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{version}-%{RELEASE}-%{ARCH}\n" |grep i586 |grep devel</nowiki>}}<br />
* <br />
Si añadió '''repositorios de terceros''', como el de Google, asegúrese de hacer copia del archivo {{file|urpmi.cfg}} localizado en la carpeta {{folder|/etc/urpmi}}.<br />
* Es bueno liberar algo de espacio, en particular desinstale kernels antiguos, juegos muy pesados...<br />
* Asegúrese de tener instalado un paquete '''task-* de su escritorio favorito'''. Esto asegurara que al finalizar la actualización no falten paquetes necesarios. Ejemplo: {{pkg|task-plasma}}. Si no necesita una instalación completa de Plasma, pruebe {{pkg|task-plasma-minimal}}. Otros escritorios siguen el mismo esquema, como {{pkg|task-gnome, task-xfce}}, etc, algunos también tienen la variante "-minimal".<br />
<br />
<span style="color:red">'''No esta soportado:'''<br />
* Actualizar directamente desde una versión anterior a la previa<br />
* Actualizar utilizando cualquier imagen Live - ya que las imágenes Live son copiadas "tal cual" en el sistema destino.<br />
* Actualizar una instalación de Mageia que '''NO''' estaba en modo UEFI, mediante el modo UEFI<br />
- En estos casos debe realizar una instalación completa (tal vez conservando la carpeta {{folder|/home}})<br />
<br />
== Actualizar via Internet ==<br />
<br />
El applet de actualizaciones de Mageia, Mageia Online, '''notificará''' que una nueva versión de Mageia está disponible y le preguntará si desea proceder. Si acepta, la actualización se llevará a cabo desde su instalación de Mageia sin que sea necesario realizar más pasos.<br/><br />
<br />
Si ha desactivado el applet o no está automáticamente funcionando por alguna razón, puede actualizar manualmente usando tanto la GUI ({{cmd|mgaonline}}) como la CLI ({{cmd|urpmi}}/{{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}). Cada uno de los métodos se desarrollan a continuación.<br />
<br />
Actualice completamente el sistema y compruebe antes de actualizar a la nueva versión que tiene el suficiente espacio disponible. Al menos 2 GB, dependiendo de su configuración, vea la nota y el método seguro en [[#Notas_sobre_Mageia_8#Mediante_linea_de_comandos_.28urpmi.29.|Actualizar mediante linea de comandos usando urpmi]]-<br />
<br />
{{note-es|De ser posible use una conexión cableada a internet, especialmente cuando está usando controladores wlan no libres.}}<br />
<br />
=== Mediante mgaonline (interfaz gráfica)) ===<br />
# Asegurece de desactivar los salva pantallas.<br />
# Use el icono de Mageia Online icon en la bandeja del sistema para actualizar.<br />
<br />
'''- Si no le ofrece la opción de actualizar a la nueva versión de Mageia:'''<br />
* Asegúrese de que su sistema esté completamente actualizado aplicando todas las actualizaciones disponibles.<br />
Vea la documentación de [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/software-management.html#MageiaUpdate mageia 8] mientras esta lista la de mageia 8.<br />
<br />
* En Centro de Control Mageia - Administración de Software - Configure la frecuencia de actualizaciones, asegúrese de que la opción [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/mgaapplet-config.html "Compruebe si hay versiones más recientes de Mageia"] está seleccionada.<br />
<br />
* Busque en su carpeta personal el directorio oculto {{Folder|.MgaOnline}}. Si existe un fichero {{file|mgaonline}} en ese directorio, elimínelo.<br />
<br />
Después de reiniciar, el icono azul de actualizaciones debería aparecer la próxima vez que Mageia Online busque nuevas actualizaciones. <br />
<br />
Si Mageia 7 ha llegado al final de su soporte, verá un icono naranja y una advertencia emergente de que Mageia 7 ya no está soportado. <br />
<br />
Alternativamente, puede lanzar el proceso de actualización ingresando lo siguiente en un terminal:<br />
<br />
{{Console-es|<nowiki>mgaapplet-upgrade-helper --new_distro_version=8</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Esto lo notificará de la disponibilidad de la nueva distribución Mageia 8, configurará los repositorios de Mageia y comenzará la migración.<br />
<br />
=== Mediante linea de comandos (urpmi) ===<br />
<br />
Este método es muy útil cuando la partición raíz está cifrada, ya que una vez arrancado el sistema la partición está accesible.<br />
<br />
Existen múltiples vías de obtener una interfaz de línea de comandos(CLI).<br />
<br />
El mejor método para llevar a cabo la actualización es usar el run-level 3, cuando el servidor X y el entorno gráfico no están ejecutándose.<br />
<br />
Por lo tanto, usando el run-level 3 la actualización será más limpia que si lo hiciera desde una aplicación de terminal, ya que estarían en ejecución menos programas que podrían estropear la actualización.<br />
<br />
Si tiene instalado dnf, deberá detener el temporizador dnf makecache, ya que hace que urpmi se bloquee cuando se ejecuta durante la actualización. Los comandos se incluyen a continuación. Vea el fallo {{bug|25072}}<br />
<br />
El nivel de ejecución 3 puede invocarse agregando un "3" a la línea de comandos del kernel editándolo al inicio y obteniendo así un símbolo de inicio de sesión. Otra alternativa es usar el comando:<br />
{{cmd|systemctl isolate multi-user.target}}<br />
<br />
Se recomienda ejecutar "script upgrade_log.txt" antes de lanzar los siguientes comandos para capturar los mensajes de actualización en el caso de que ocurra algún error inesperado. Los mensajes serán escritos en el fichero {{file|upgrade_log.txt}}. Use "exit" para salir de "script".<br />
<br />
Estos son los pasos generales para actualizar:<br />
<br />
* Hágase root en un terminal<br />
{{user to root-es|_}}<br />
{{warning-es|Desde este punto todos los comandos son ejecutados como root}}<br />
* Nos aseguramos de que el sistema este actualizado, como se ha recomendado previamente<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* Desactivar dnf makecache (puede saltarse este paso cuando dnf no esté instalado)<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.service}}<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.timer && systemctl daemon-reload}}<br />
* Eliminar todos los repositorios de su sistema ejecutando el comando:<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}}<br />
* Añadir la fuente de Mageia 8 en línea, ya sea:<br />
** Usando el método MIRRORLIST (que seleccionara un servidor automáticamente de acuerdo a su ubicación geográfica):<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.8.$ARCH.list'}}<br />
*:(urpmi sabe qué sustituir en $ARCH)<br />
** Usando un mirror específico:<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib <url_del_mirror>}}<br />
*:Puede obtener el url_del_mirror usando la [http://mirrors.mageia.org/distrib aplicación web de mirrors de Mageia].<br />
* Finalmente comenzar la actualización: <br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* Es mejor ejecutar el comando anterior dos veces porque la primera vez algunos paquetes descargados pueden no haberse instalado.<br />
<br />
{{Note-es| A veces es una buena idea, cuando tienes más que suficiente espacio libre, simular la actualización antes de llevarla a cabo. <br><br />
Con este comando: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all --test}} todos los paquetes son descargados y la 'actualización' es sólo una simulación. Esto necesita un montón de espacio libre antes de comenzar la prueba - algo así como más de 2GB en la partición /var (O la partición / si no tiene /var en una partición separada, si tiene varios de los principales escritorios y/o varios programas podra necesitar aun más espacio, o podra necesitar menos en si solo tiene un escritorio ligero). Si el espacio lo tiene en otra partición, puede especificar el destino de los ficheros descargados agregando la ruta a esta partición después de {{cmd|--download-all}}.<br><br />
Si el resultado es bueno, entonces lleva a cabo la actualización con el comando: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all}}. También añade la ruta a los ficheros descargados si lo hiciste antes.<br />
Si el resultado no es el esperado, restaura los repositorios de Mageia 7 con {{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}} y {{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.7.$ARCH.list'}} como hiciste anteriormente. y limpie el cache utilizando el comando {{cmd|urpmi --clean}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Mediante linea de comandos (DNF) ===<br />
<br />
Si está usando DNF para la administración de software (y lo ha configurado adecuadamente según [[Usando DNF|la pagina sobre como utilizar DNF]]), puedes actualizar a Mageia 8 en sólo unos pocos pasos (todos los comandos deben ejecutarse como root):<br />
<br />
#Asegúrese de que su sistema está completamente actualizado: {{cmd|dnf upgrade}}<br />
#Instale el plugin {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}: {{cmd|dnf install 'dnf-command(system-upgrade)'}}<br />
#Ejecute la fase de descarga de system-upgrade: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade --releasever 8 download --allowerasing}}<br />
##Se le preguntara antes de descargar los paquetes, y se le indicara cuanto espacio libre se requiere. Si no tiene lo que se le indica mas unos doscientos MB libres en la partición {{folder|/var}} ''(Si {{folder|/var}} no es una partición separada de la partición {{folder|/}}, añada otros doscientos MB de espacio)''. Si no es así, haga suficiente espacio libre o añada la opción {{cmd|--downloaddir ruta_al_directorio_con_espacio_libre}} a este y los próximos comandos de system-upgrade. Ademas si tiene una partición {{folder|/boot}} separada, asegurese de que tiene espacio para [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Actualizando_mediante_dnf|dos variantes del kernel]]. También asegurese de que la partición {{folder|/}} tenga espacio para lo nuevos programas.<br />
##Cuando este seguro de que el espacio disponible es suficiente responda que si (yes) para permitir la descarga. También ejecutara una prueba de la transacción.<br />
<br />
#Si la prueba y la descarga tienen éxito:<br />
## ¡Guarde su trabajo y cierre las aplicaciones!<br />
## Inicie la actualización: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade reboot}} <span style="color:red">'''/!\ NOTA:''' '' ¡Se reiniciara inmediatamente su sistema! '' '''/!\''' </span><br />
<br />
''Ahora disfrute de alguna bebida mientras observa las burbujas en nuestra pantalla de arranque - y sobre de ellas los mensajes sobre lo que esta ocurriendo. Cuando finalice, se reiniciara para que pueda disfrutar de la nueva Mageia.''<br />
<br />
== Usando el DVD tradicional de Mageia 8 para Actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Puede usar el DVD de Mageia 8 tradicional (es decir, el no-Live) para realizar una instalación limpia, pero también para actualizar desde Mageia 7.<br />
<br />
Para actualizar:<br />
<br />
* Descargue la ISO desde la [http://mageia.org/8/ página de descargas] de Mageia y quémela en un DVD o transfierala en un dispositivo USB. Para más detalles, eche una mirada a este [[Installation_Media|artículo acerca de los Medios de Instalación Disponibles]].<br />
* Arranque el DVD y asegúrese de hacerlo en el mismo modo (legacy/BIOS o UEFI) en el que Mageia 7 está instalado.<br />
* Seleccione "Install Mageia 8" del menú de GRUB (el cargador de arranque).<br />
* Seleccione la opción [http://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/selectInstallClass.html Actualizar].<br />
<br />
'''Se recomienda configurar los repositorios en línea durante la actualización, ya que el DVD solo incluye un subconjunto del conjunto completo de repositorios en línea de Mageia.'''<br />
Esto es especialmente importante si utiliza paquetes importantes de 32 bits en una instalación de 64 bits, porque la ISO de 64 bits solo contendrá paquetes de 64 bits, por lo que es probable que la actualización falle si no agrega repositorios en línea.<br />
<br />
Además, es posible que una instalación determinada de Mageia 7 haya recibido una actualización a una versión posterior del software que la disponible en la ISO. Cuando esto sucede, es posible que una actualización no se complete. En el momento en que se prueban los ISO, es imposible anticipar qué paquetes de Mageia 7 pueden actualizarse en el futuro, por lo que las actualizaciones sin conexión (es decir, las actualizaciones intentadas sin configurar los repositorios en línea) no son compatibles. <br />
<br />
La primera vez que reinicie el sistema, use el comando '{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update}}' para [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5687 asegurarse] de que todos los paquetes sean actualizados.<br />
<br />
=== Actualizando una instalación cifrada ===<br />
<br />
Primeramente, en el sistema Mageia 7 en funcionamiento:<br />
<br />
* Eliminar los kernels innecesarios y programas grandes innecesarios.<br />
* Realice una actualización completa.<br />
* Tome nota de los repositorios en uso y de los que serán usados (¿Hay algún tainted habilitado? Si se trata de un sistema de 64 bit, ¿hay algún repositorio de 32 bit habilitado?).<br />
* Tome nota de las particiones usadas y de sus puntos de montaje.<br />
<br />
A continuación, prepare y arranque el instalador tradicional como se describió anteriormente, y:<br />
<br />
* Seleccionar la instalación, seleccionar el lenguaje, aceptar la licencia, seleccionar el país, seleccionar el teclado, personalizar el particionamiento.<br />
* Seleccione sus particiones cifradas, seleccione ''Use'' e ingrese su clave.<br />
* Si es LVM aparece una nueva pestaña con las particiones LV.<br />
* Asigne puntos de montaje para todas las particiones excepto ''swap'' (según las notas que tomó antes, o juzgue por el nombre, tamaño y tipo de las particiones. ¡No olvides que {{folder|/boot}} debe estar fuera del LVM cifrado!).<br />
* IMPORTANTE: Después de hacer clic en Siguiente, ¡asegúrese de que la opción para formatear todas las particiones NO está seleccionada! O, si quiere un sistema nuevo pero manteniendo la información de usuario: formatear {{folder|/boot}}, {{folder|/}} y cualquier otra como {{folder|/usr}}, {{folder|/tmp}}, etc que pueda tener, pero NO {{folder|/home}}.<br />
* Debería habilitar todos los repositorios (usando las notas que tomó antes) de acuerdo a aquellos usados en su anterior instalación de Mageia - excepto backports.<br />
* Al igual que con una instalación no cifrada, se recomienda configurar los repositorios en línea, incluidos los repositorios de actualizaciones relevantes.<br />
<br />
= Problemas conocidos =<br />
== Se requiere de acciones del usuario ==<br />
'Acciones de su parte que que no se describen en otro lugar ni en las Erratas.''<br />
<br />
=== VeraCrypt ===<br />
Tras actualizar a Mageia 8, VeraCrypt no funciona con sudo como antes. {{Bug|28001}}<br />
<br />
Desde [https://github.com/veracrypt/VeraCrypt/releases/tag/VeraCrypt_1.24-Update2 veracrypt-1.24u2] tine que añadir el parámetro '--use-dummy-sudo-password' al ejecutar VeraCrypt para conseguir el comportamiento anterior con sudo. También vea el foro de [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1906246#p1906246 Arch Linux].<br />
<br />
== Fallos ==<br />
Vea la [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8| pagina de Erratas]].<br />
<br />
=== Reporte de fallos ===<br />
<br />
Tenemos un [https://bugs.mageia.org/ sistema de seguimiento de fallos], pero por favor antes de reportar cualquier fallo primero lea las [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8| Erratas]] y use el buscador del sistema bugzilla para ver si el fallo no ha sido reportado, y en caso de estar reportado tal vez pueda añadir información valiosa o ayudar probando alguna actualización propuesta. Para contribuir necesita una cuenta Mageia que puede crear en https://identity.mageia.org/. Si no sabe como reportar un fallo [[Bugzilla#How-to_report_a_bug| lea esto]].<br />
<br />
También sera bienvenido en nuestros [https://forums.mageia.org Foros en ingles].Para la fase de desarollo visite las secciones "Testing : Alpha, Beta, RC y Cauldron".<br />
<br />
= Paquetes eliminados en la distribución =<br />
<br />
== Paquetes que no se eliminan tras actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Los siguientes paquetes se han eliminado de la distribución pero no son afectados por el proceso de actualización, deberían seguir funcionando, pero no recibirán ningún soporte en caso de que no fuera así, ni recibirán actualizaciones, lo que significa que estarán desactualizados comparados con la versión de desarrollo y que estarán expuestos a potenciales problemas de seguridad. Probablemente debería de instalar desde el sitio del desarrollador pero eso es decisión suya.<br />
<br />
Esta categoría contiene los siguientes paquetes:<br />
* GLPI y sus extensiones<br />
* galette<br />
* Nextcloud ([[#Nextcloud|temporalmente]])<br />
* PyCharm-community<br />
* Scilab<br />
* MysqlWorkbench<br />
<br />
== Paquetes que se eliminan tras actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Los siguientes paquetes se han eliminado de la distribución y se han marcado como obsoletos en el paquete {{pkg|task-obsolete}}, así que serán eliminados tras la actualización.<br />
<br />
Esta categoría contiene los siguientes paquetes:<br />
* {{pkg|fslint}} ya que requiere python2 y gtk2. Vea el [https://github.com/pixelb/fslint/issues/172 reporte en el sitio de desarrollo]. Tal vez quiera probar [https://github.com/qarmin/czkawka czkawka] que puede [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Flatpak|instalarse mediante flatpak]].<br />
* [[#Aplicaciones de Internet|Iceape]]<br />
* {{pkg|java3d}} {{bug|27875}}<br />
* {{pkg|kde-rootactions-servicemenu}} se ha eliminado por que no recibe mantenimiento y tiene fallos.<br />
* {{prog|Mailman}} debido a problemas de seguridad y a que depende de python2. Desafortunadamente aun no tenemos Mailman 3. [https://www.gnu.org/software/mailman/ El sitio de mailman] lista instrucciones de instalación y un contenedor Docker esta disponible [https://docs.mailman3.org/en/latest/install/install.html aquí.]<br />
* El controlador [[#Controlador_Propietario_NVIDIA|nvidia340]] ha sido eliminado.<br />
* {{prog|PlayOnLinux}}, ya aun no esta portado a Python3, vea el sitio del desarrollador {{bug|28717}}. <br />
Como alternativa pruebe [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Ejecutar programas de MSWindows|Ejecutar programas de MSWindows]] y [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Entornos de Juegos (y algunas aplicaciones también)|Entornos de Juegos]] en su lugar.<br />
* Los anfitriones de 32 bit de [[#VirtualBox|VirtualBox]].<br />
* {{pkg|youtube-dl-gui}} (Python2). Alternativas sugeridas: [https://github.com/oleksis/youtube-dl-gui la bifurcación en Python3], desde los repositorios {{pkg|Tartube}} o {{pkg|clipgrab}}. [https://clipgrab.org/].<br />
* ...<br />
{{...-es}}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Release Notes]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 8]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Notas_sobre_Mageia_8&diff=51892Notas sobre Mageia 82021-05-19T12:52:09Z<p>Filip: /* Mediante mgaonline (interfaz gráfica)) */ fix link name</p>
<hr />
<div><!-- '''This information is available in other languages''':<br /><br />
* [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]]<br />
<br />
disable this so it's not in release note of isos medias--><br />
{{multi language banner-es|[[Mageia 8 Veröffentlichungshinweise-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]] ; [[Notas_sobre_Mageia_8|Español]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notes_de_version-fr|Français]] ; ; [[Mageia 8 note di rilascio-it|Italiano]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notas_da_Versão_pt-PT|Portuguese (Portugal)]] }}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Introducción =<br />
<br />
Mageia es un Sistema Operativo Libre de la familia GNU/Linux que puede usarse, bien como sistema operativo principal, o bien como un sistema alternativo junto a otros instalados en su ordenador (''arranque dual''). Se trata de un proyecto comunitario apoyado por la organización sin fines de lucro Mageia.Org de contribuyentes electos. Mageia está desarrollado '' por '' y '' para '' su comunidad y es adecuado para todo tipo de usuarios, desde aquellos que recién comienzan con GNU/Linux hasta quienes son programadores experimentados o administradores de sistemas.<br />
<br />
La última versión estable del proyecto Mageia, Mageia 8, comenzó su desarrollo hace más de un año. Tendrá soporte con actualizaciones de seguridad y corrección de fallos durante 18 meses, hasta Octubre del 2022.<br />
<br />
== Medios de instalación disponibles ==<br />
<br />
Mageia cuenta con tres medios de instalación distintos:<br />
<br />
* Las '''ISOs Clásicas''' (DVD 32-bit, DVD 64-bit), que hacen uso del [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/index.html instalador tradicional DrakX]. Las versiones ISO DVD de 32-bit y 64-bit contienen todas las configuraciones regionales, una gran variedad de paquetes entre los cuales elegir (incluidos los entornos de escritorio con mayor integración) y '''todos los controladores no-libres'''. El uso de paquetes no libres puede ser deshabilitado durante la instalación. <br />
<br />
Recuerde que por decisión, el instalador clásico no utilizara controladores propietarios durante la instalación, así que necesitara conexión por cable Ethernet si desea utilizar los repositorios remotos durante la instalación.<br />
<br />
* '''ISOs de instalación por red''' (32 y 64 bit, en versiones free y nonfree), tienen un tamaño mínimo y solo contienen la [[#Stage_1|primer etapa del instalador]], la cual incluye el soporte de hardware necesario para arrancar, conectar a una red y descargar la etapa 2. Puede necesitar la versión para los controladores necesarios para algunas tarjetas inalambricas. De ahí en adelante se comporta como una imagen de instalación clásica con la excepción de que obtiene todo desde la red, ya sea desde Mageia o posiblemente algún repositorio local. ''Nota: Es una buena idea hacer una instalación mínima y posteriormente instalar el resto desde el sistema ya instalado - especialmente durante la etapa de desarrollo de Mageia (alpha, beta, RC) donde los paquetes y especialmente los archivos que los enlistan cambian con frecuencia. Nota: Estas imagenes no estan adaptadas para iniciar en EFI 32-bit .''<br />
<br />
* Las '''ISOs Live''', que pueden usarse para probar la distribución, permiten la instalación de Mageia en el disco duro<!--are an installation alternative to place Mageia on your hard drive.-->. Los DVDs Live vienen con los entornos de escritorio Plasma (64 bits), GNOME (64 bits) o Xfce (32 o 64 bits). Incluyen todas las configuraciones regionales compatibles y una preselección de software, convirtiéndolos en una vía rápida para empezar a trabajar con Mageia. Añadimos la opción de ''[[Metodos_de_instalaci%C3%B3n#Partici.C3.B3n_persistente_en_memorias_USBs|persistencia]]'' que permite crear una partición (que puede cifrarse) en un dispositivo de memoria USB para guardar las personalizaciones del sistema de modo que todavía estén allí después de reiniciar. '''Ahora podrá llevar Mageia y a sus archivos con usted!''' El modo persistente necesita ''menos'' RAM. Tip: Para optimizar las actualizaciones puede desinstalar paquetes, vea [[Removing packages#Persistent Live USB]] y más en esa pagina. También podrá [[Draklive2|¡Crear su propio Live!]]<br />
<br />
Todas las imágenes ISO pueden ser grabadas en un DVD o [[Metodos_de_instalación#Transferir_una_imagen_de_Mageia_a_una_memoria_USB|transferirse a un dispositivo de memoria USB]]. Tenga en cuenta los límites de tamaño de archivo y dispositivo, ya que, por ejemplo, una imagen ISO de 4 GB puede ser demasiado grande para algunas unidades USB 'nominalmente' de 4 GB, debido a que su capacidad real es ligeramente inferior al tamaño comercializado.<br />
<br />
Para más información vea nuestro [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/Select-and-use-ISOs.html instructivo acerca de los medios de instalación].<br />
<br />
En la [https://www.mageia.org/8/ página de descarga de Mageia 8] encontrará las distintas opciones disponibles: descarga directa (FTP y HTTP) y BitTorrent.<br />
<br />
== Los repositorios en línea de Mageia ==<br />
<br />
Los paquetes de software incluidos en Mageia se localizan en tres repositorios/medios diferentes de acuerdo al tipo de licencia al que estén sujetos. A continuación tiene una descripción general de estos repositorios:<br />
<br />
* '''Core''': El repositorio Core incluye paquetes con software libre y de código abierto licenciados bajo una licencia de este tipo. De forma predeterminada, los repositorios 'Core', 'Core Release' y 'Core Updates', están habilitados.<br />
* '''Nonfree''': El repositorio Nonfree incluye paquetes gratuitos y de libre distribución, pero de código cerrado (de ahí el nombre - Nonfree o NoLibre). Este repositorio incluye, por ejemplo, los controladores propietarios para las tarjetas de video NVIDIA y AMD/ATI, los firmware de varias tarjetas WiFi, etc.<br /><br />
El medio Nonfree está habilitado de forma predeterminada, pero puede desactivarse durante la instalación si así lo desea.<br />
* '''Tainted''': El repositorio Tainted incluye paquetes con licencia libre. El motivo principal por el que algunos paquetes se destinan a este repositorio es porque pueden infringir patentes y leyes de propiedad intelectual en algunos países, p. ej., codecs multimedia necesarios para reproducir varios archivos de audio/video, paquetes necesarios para reproducir un video DVD comercial, etc. El medio Tainted se incluye de forma predeterminada en Mageia pero '''no''' está habilitado. Es totalmente opcional hacerlo. Revise las disposiciones legales de su país antes de usar los paquetes de este repositorio.<br />
<br />
==== Repositorios 32 bit en sistemas 64 bit ====<br />
<br />
Por favor recuerde que '''en un sistema 64-bit''', los repositorios de '''32-bit están configurados, pero, por defecto, deshabilitados'''.<br />
Si se habilitan los repositorios Nonfree o Tainted de 64-bit, también deberían habilitarse los repositorios de 32-bit correspondientes (tanto en sus ramas Release como Update) porque algunos paquetes como {{prog|PlayOnLinux}} o {{prog|Steam}} lo requerirán. En el caso de que quiera instalar paquetes como PlayOnLinux o Steam, que tienen dependencias en los repositorios de 32-bit, asegúrese de tener habilitados, al menos, "Core 32bit Release" y "Core 32bit Updates". De igual forma para algunos casos las versiones 32 bit de los repositorios Nonfree o Tainted (ambos en sus variantes Release y Updates) pueden ser necesarios. Reglas básicas: No habilite un repositorio de 32 bit sin la versión de 64 bit correspondiente ya que (generalmente) las bibliotecas de 64-bits tienen preferencia en los sistemas de 64 bit, y una vez que un repositorio de 32 bit es utilizado, mantenga las variantes Release y Updates habilitadas para no entorpecer las actualizaciones.<br />
<br />
= Novedades destacadas =<br />
<br />
== Análisis de metadatos de paquetes más veloz ==<br />
<br />
Los metadatos en Urpmi están comprimidos con Zstd en lugar de Xz (con lo cual se consigue una lectura más veloz de los mismos).<br />
<br />
== Python2 está casi retirado ==<br />
<br />
La mayoría de software y módulos de python2 fueron eliminados.<br />
<br />
== Soporte ARM ==<br />
<br />
El port ARM (Advanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) Machine) = Avanzada Máquina RISC (Reducido Conjunto de Instrucciones de Computo)), recomenzado en días de Mageia 7, se ha mejorado.<br />
<br />
El núcleo está disponible para ARMv7 y AArch64. No dispone de un instalador tradicional por el momento y todavía está en un estadío experimental, pero la mayor parte de la distribución fue construida satisfactoriamente en ambas arquitecturas (vea nuestra [https://pkgsubmit.mageia.org/arm-status.html revisión del estado de ARM] para más información). El plan es proveer imágenes de instalación para los dispositivos ARM populares en los próximos meses. No existe una fecha definida para la llegada de dichas imagenes.<br />
<br />
Drakboot ahora tiene capacidades limitadas para configurar UEFI en AArch64.<br />
<br />
= Principales novedades =<br />
<br />
== Instalacion ==<br />
<br />
=== Stage 1 ===<br />
<br />
* El soporte de hardware fue ampliado para que el instalador pueda funcionar en los equipos más recientes y más tarjetas insalambricas.<br />
* El soporte para NFS se realiza utilizando herramientas del sistema en lugar de nuestro código bifurcado de NFS hace 15 años, obteniendo así soporte para NFSv4 y compañía...<br />
* Se soporta la carga del Stage2 en redes inalambricas con cifrado through WPA2 ({{bug|9541}}) (el cifrado WEP aun esta soportado).<br />
<br />
=== Stage 2 ===<br />
<br />
* Muchísimos fallos solucionados y mejoras en el particionador<br />
* La imagen Squashfs ahora está comprimida con Zstd en lugar de Xz logrando un inicio de sistema más rápido.<br />
* Soporte para sistemas de archivos:<br />
** Soporte para la instalación sobre F2FS (en modo experto)<br />
** Soporte Nilfs2 mejorado: ahora puede ser reformateado o redimensionado (pero todavía no es adecuado como sistema de archivos del sistema debido a características faltantes)<br />
** XFS puede ahora ser redimensionado aún sin estar sobre LVM (siempre y cuando la partición tenga espacio para ampliarse)<br />
** Los sistemas de archivos exFAT se muestran de la misma forma que los FAT y NTFS (pero exFAT no puede redimensionarse)<br />
** NTFS de Windows 10 ("[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms Compact OS]") ahora tiene soporte a través del [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms plugin ntfs-3g-system-compression] ({{bug|21737}})<br />
* La configuración del cargador de arranque es más segura: mantenemos el viejo grub.cfg hasta que upgrade-grub2 lo reemplace ({{bug|25542}})<br />
* Instalación mínima sobre LUKS es posible<br />
<br />
=== Recuperación ===<br />
<br />
El sistema de recuperación fue enriquecido:<br />
* La imagen Squashfs ahora está comprimida con Zstd en lugar de Xz logrando un inicio más rápido.<br />
* es capaz de reparar LVMs/LUKS cifrados ({{bug|22795}})<br />
<br />
=== ISOs Live ===<br />
<br />
* Diskdrake soporta ahora la adición de particiones a las ISOs Live transferidas a dispositivos de memoria USB ({{bug|25224}}).<br />
* Las ISOs Live ahora arrancan sin configurar X.Org, delegando esa función al modo automático de X.Org.<br />
* La partición persistente de una ISO Live transferida a memorias USB puede cifrarse ({{bug|25191}})<br />
* El instalador Live soporta configurar los repositorios e instalar actualizaciones<br />
<br />
=== Soporte de Hardware ===<br />
<br />
* ARM v7 y AArch64 ahora son arquitecturas primarias en las que se generan todos los paquetes.<br />
<br />
== Localización (l10n) / Internacionalización (i18n) ==<br />
<br />
=== Manuales ===<br />
<br />
* Los manuales para el instalador tradicional y para el Centro de Control Mageia fueron (parcialmente) traducidos en muchos más idiomas. Vea [http://www.mageia.org/doc/ nuestra documentación oficial].<br />
* El manual HTML muestra una captura de pantalla en inglés cuando no hay disponible una que corresponda a la configuración regional.<br />
* Los manuales en PDF y EPUB se generan cuando se dispone de más de la mitad de las capturas de pantalla necesarias para una determinada configuración regional.<br />
<br />
=== Traducción de Software ===<br />
<br />
Nuevas traducciones fueron añadidas y otras mejoradas.<br />
Gracias a nuestra dedicada comunidad de traductores por su trabajo.<br />
<br />
== Gestión de paquetes ==<br />
<br />
=== Nuevo RPM ===<br />
<br />
RPM fue actualizado a la versión 4.16.1.2.<br />
<br />
RPM 4.16 ofrece mejoras importantes, entre ellas:<br />
<br />
* Añade detección automática y optimización de unidades SSD (en Linux, desactivado por defecto)<br />
* Añade sincronización de los sistemas de ficheros al final de las transacciones (rhbz#1461765)<br />
* Añade función hash criptográfica SHA256 a los encabezados gpg-pubkey.<br />
* Añade soporte para meta dependencias (p. ej, Requires(meta): algún_paquete) que no afecta al orden de instalación/borrado (rhbz#1648721)<br />
* Añade soporte para generadores de macros paramétricas.<br />
* Retiro del soporte de RPM v3, visiblemente (#1007)<br />
* Operaciones más rápidas:<br />
** Optimiza varias operaciones a través de paralelización (hasta %_smp_build_ncpus)<br />
** Optimiza varias operaciones a través de la paralelización de hilos (hasta %_smp_build_nthreads, pero limitado a un máximo de 4 en plataformas de 32 bits)<br />
** Añade soporte para el procesamiento en paralelo en brp-strip<br />
** Priorización de paquetes grandes al escribir paquetes<br />
* Backends:<br />
** Desuso del backend de Berkeley DB<br />
** Añade una implementación independiente para el soporte BDB de sólo lectura (experimental)<br />
** Añade un nuevo backend de base de datos en SQLite (experimental)<br />
** Promueve NDB, sacándolo de su estado experimental<br />
<br />
Más información acerca de los cambios de RPM 4.14 (incluido en Mageia 7) a RPM 4.16 disponible en el sitio web de RPM:<br />
* RPM 4.16.1.2: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1.2<br />
* RPM 4.16.1: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1<br />
* RPM 4.16: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.0<br />
* RPM 4.15: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.15.0<br />
<br />
=== DNF: el gestor de paquetes alternativo ===<br />
<br />
DNF (Dandified Yum) fue introducido como una alternativa a urpmi desde Mageia 6.<br />
<br />
DNF es un software de nueva generación para resolver dependencias y una herramienta de empaquetado de alto nivel heredado de dos proyectos:<br />
El YUM de Fedora (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) y el SAT Solver (libsolv) de openSUSE. DNF fue bifurcado de YUM hace muchos años con el propósito de reescribirlo para usar la librería SAT Solver de openSUSE y reestructurar su código base de forma que una API estuviera disponible tanto para extender DNF (a través de complementos y hooks), como para crear aplicaciones por encima de ella (como frontends gráficos y frameworks de automatización del ciclo de vida del sistema).<br />
<br />
DNF viene con un reporte de fallas mejorado, rastreador avanzado de dependencias débiles, soporte para dependencias ricas (vea las notas de lanzamiento de RPM), y ofrece información más detallada mientras lleva a cabo las acciones.<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 viene con DNF v4.6.0.<br />
<br />
La actualización del sistema mediante DNF está soportada. Vea la [[#Mediante linea de comandos (DNF)|sección acerca de actualizar con DNF]] en las notas de lanzamiento para más información.<br />
<br />
Más información acerca de la modularidad: https://docs.pagure.org/modularity/<br />
<br />
Notas de lanzamiento de DNF: https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/release_notes.html<br />
<br />
Con una instalación desde 0 a través de los DVD de ISO Clásicos o Live, DNF se instalará en paralelo con urpmi. Dependiendo del método usado para actualizar a Mageia 8, puede ser necesario instalar el paquete {{Prog|dnf}} para que esté disponible.<br />
<br />
Para más información acerca de cómo usar DNF, consulte la página de wiki: [[Using DNF|Usando DNF]].<br />
<br />
=== AppStream ===<br />
<br />
Nuestros repositorios RPM-MD (MetaDatos RPM), usados por DNF y PackageKit, proveen metadatos AppStream. Herramientas como el Software de GNOME (Escritorio GNOME, empaquetado como {{Prog|gnome-software}}) y Plasma Discover (Escritorio Plasma KDE, empaquetado como {{Prog|discover}}), aprovechan los metadatos de AppStream para proporcionar una experiencia completa al buscar, identificar y administrar aplicaciones.<br />
<br />
AppStream es un esfuerzo multi-distribución para enriquecer los repositorios de software estandarizando los metadatos de los componentes de software. Esto habilita una vista centrada en la aplicación en los repositorios de paquetes y provee especificaciones de las cosas necesarias para crear centros de aplicaciones amigables al usuario.<br />
<br />
Consulte el sitio web de AppStream para más información: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Distributions/AppStream/<br />
<br />
=== perl-URPM y urpmi ===<br />
<br />
* Doc se beneficia de nuevas mejoras (p. ej.: [https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/URPM/URPM.pm URPM] - [https://metacpan.org/pod/urpm urpm] - CPAN)<br />
* [http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=urpmi urpmi]/[http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=URPM perl-URPM] soporta un abanico más amplio de versiones de rpm, desde la versión 4.9 hasta la última 4.16, perl desde la versión 5.8 hasta 5.32<br />
* Muchas fallas fueron reparadas<br />
* Urpmi soporta la opción --reinstall<br />
* Los Metadatos de urpmi se comprimen con Zstd en lugar de con Xz (mayor velocidad de procesamiento)<br />
* Por defecto los repositorios de 32-bit no están habilitados en sistemas 64-bit ({{bug|24376}})<br />
** excepto en sistemas con EFI de 32-bit, donde el repositorio Core 32-bit es necesario para el gestor de arranque<br />
* Al agregar medios Distrib, habilite los medios de 32 bits si es necesario ({{bug|24438}})<br />
<br />
== Herramientas ==<br />
<br />
=== Centro de Control Mageia ===<br />
<br />
=== Otros ===<br />
<br />
==== MageiaWelcome ====<br />
La pantalla de 'Bienvenida' es una aplicación que se presenta al usuario cuando inicia una instalación fresca de Mageia. Ahora ha sido rediseñada por completo desde un enfoque lineal, con pasos sucesivos en un orden lógico de las cosas importantes que debe saber y hacer después de la instalación. Por defecto, se ejecutará en cada arranque, pero este comportamiento es opcional. Incluso si la opción de ejecución automática está desactivada, puede invocarse en cualquier momento como una aplicación (mageiawelcome).<br />
<br />
MageiaWelcome utiliza Python y QML. Ahora usa las fuentes del entorno de escritorio y puede redimensionarse.<br />
<br />
==== Isodumper ====<br />
<br />
[[Grabando imágenes ISO en memorias USB con IsoDumper|Isodumper]] es una herramienta para grabar imágenes ISO en dispositivos de memoria. La rutina de comprobación posterior a la operación de escritura consulta ahora un archivo de sha3 sum y la firma correspondiente.<br><br><br />
Cuando se añada una partición ''persistente'' esta podrá cifrarse. Sólo las imágenes ISO de Mageia 8 y posteriores la reconocerán. Consulte [[Metodos_de_instalación#Partición persistente en memorias USB|esto]] para más información.<br />
<br />
==== Docker ====<br />
<br />
El ecosistema Docker (basado en la versión 19.03 del motor) fue ampliado con muchas herramientas adicionales como docker-compose (orquestadores con soporte v3), contenedores (runC controlado por demonio), docker-registry (compartición de imágenes), docker-machine (instalar docker en un sistema remoto) y python-docker (librerías de python 2 y 3 para la manipulación de la API del motor).<br />
<br />
==== Herramientas de LiveCD ====<br />
<br />
Con Mageia 8, las Herramientas de LiveCD han sido llevadas a la última versión (v27.0).<br />
<br />
Para más información acerca de cómo usar LiveCD Tools, consulte la página de wiki: [[Using the LiveCD Tools|Usando las Herramientas LiveCD]]<br />
<br />
==== draklive2 ====<br />
<br />
La herramienta usada para construir ISOs Live de la distribución fue revisada para hacerla más fácil de usar. Se proporcionan muchos ejemplos para ayudar a los usuarios a construir sus propias versiones personalizadas de ISOs Live. Ahora dispone de un modo GUI (con interfaz de usuario gráfica) basado en el instalador clásico de Mageia para permitir la selección de paquetes y configuraciones regionales.<br />
<br />
Para más información, visite la página del wiki: [[draklive2]]<br />
<br />
==== PCMemTest ====<br />
<br />
Es una bifurcación y reescritura de la utilidad de comprobación de memoria Memtest86+. A diferencia de Memtest86+, PCMemTest puede utilizarse en sistemas UEFI y BIOS (con la limitación de que en sistemas UEFI, el teclado solo funcionara si se activa la opción CSM). PCMemTest reemplaza a Memtest86+ en todas las imágenes ISO de Mageia. También puede instalarse en el sistema del usuario, agregándose automáticamente al menu de arranque.<br />
<br />
== Sistema base ==<br />
<br />
=== Kernel y soporte de hardware ===<br />
<br />
* Mageia 8 viene con el kernel 5.10.16.<br />
Todo el hardware gestionado por esta versión del kernel está disponible. El kernel proporciona mejores gráficos con Mesa 20.3.4. <br />
* Se incluyen otros 'sabores' del kernel, particularmente, kernel-linus (kernel vanilla sin ningún conjunto de parches extra). Consulte la página de wiki [[Kernel flavours]] para más información.<br />
* Los planificadores de E/S Single-queue (Fila simple) fueron retirados desde el kernel 5.0 . Si requiere utilizar la utilidad ionice, considere instalar el nuevo paquete {{pkg|ionice-scheduler}} que habilita el planificador BFQ para los discos mecánicos.<br />
* cpupower y powersave <BR><br />
Hay algunos cambios al respecto desde la versión 5.8. Si utilizaba intel_pstate (para cpus Intel Sandy Bridge y posteriores), se ha cambiado el comportamiento predeterminado en CPUs que no cuentan con soporte para P-states manejados por hardware (HWP), y necesitara añadir el parámetro ''intel_pstate=active'' a las opciones del kernel para restaurar el comportamiento previo en caso de que note una disminución del rendimiento. (vea el reporte {{bug|27191}}).<br />
<br />
=== Controladores Gráficos ===<br />
<br />
Mesa se ha actualizado a la versión 20.3.4.<br />
<br />
Los controladores gráficos ahora utiliza una complementación libGL neutral al proveedor (coloquialmente llamada "glvnd": GL Vendor Neutral Dispatch) la cual fue desarrollada para solucionar diversos problemas con el soporte OpenGL en los sistemas Linux modernos. <br />
* Los usuarios tendrán la posibilidad de instalar Mesa y controladores GL de terceros en paralelo.<br />
* Esto habilita desempeño y funcionalidades adicionales para configuraciones con GPU hibridas. <br />
<br />
==== Sistema de ventanas X (X11) ====<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 llega con X.Org 1.20.10.<br />
<br />
==== Controladores de video AMD ====<br />
* Mageia 8 usa los controladores de video libres para las tarjetas de video AMD/ATI, AMDGPU para las tarjetas más nuevas y Radeon para las más antiguas. Los controladores libres también usan el actual Mesa 20.0, incluido en Mageia 8. En comparación con Mageia 7, se incrementó el soporte de hardware y existe una mejora en el rendimiento.<br />
* El controlador propietario AMDGPU-PRO sólo funciona actualmente con X.org 1.1xx, por lo que no puede ser usado en Mageia 8.<br />
* En el caso de una tarjeta híbrida, la solución expuesta para el [[#Optimus laptops|controlador nouveau]] y el pre-comando DRI_PRIME=n también funciona, al menos para el controlador radeon.<br />
<br />
==== Controladores NVIDIA ====<br />
* Se proporciona la actual versión del controlador libre Nouveau. En comparación con Mageia 7, se incrementó el soporte de hardware y las prestaciones.<br />
* El paquete para el último controlador propietario NVIDIA (NVIDIA-current esta en la versión 455.45.01 al momento de escribir esto) y todos los controladores propietarios NVIDIA se encuentran en los repositorios nonfree. <br />
<br />
====== Controlador Propietario NVIDIA ======<br />
* Para las tarjetas más recientes desde la serie R460 con el controlador {{pkg|nvidia-current}} (solo en 64 bits)<br />
<br />
* Para tarjetas de vídeo antiguas, los controladores propietarios para la serie R390 "{{pkg|nvidia390}}", desafortunadamente hemos tenido que retirar el controlador para las series R340 debido a problemas de seguridad en el binario de NVIDIA. Varias tarjetas están soportadas por el controlador para las series R390.<br />
<br />
===== Laptops Optimus =====<br />
Algunas portátiles actuales tienen "Graficas Híbridas", o sea que tienen dos tarjetas graficas: una es usualmente la "interna" (o "integrada") a la CPU, se le llama IGP (Procesador Grafico Integrado), y la otra es la "dedicada", externa al CPU, es llamada "discreta" (DGP, Procesador Grafico Discreto/Dedicado). Las tarjetas graficas internas usualmente son menos potentes (pero consume menos energía) que la discreta.<br />
<br />
Los propietarios de portátiles [https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia_Optimus NVIDIA Optimus] (procesador de gráficos Intel integrado y GPU NVIDIA discreta, o un procesador grafico AMD/ATI y una GPU NVIDIA discreta)) ahora tienen tres formas de beneficiarse de la potencia de su GPU discreta:<br />
<br />
* El controlador Nouveau gratuito admite el offloading de PRIME GPU y se puede usar con la variable DRI_PRIME = 1 (siempre que no se use el controlador NVIDIA patentado, por ejemplo, mageia-prime). Consulte la [https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/Optimus/ documentación de Nouveau] para obtener más información sobre cómo configurar Xorg para usar NVIDIA Prime con DRI3.<br />
* Como en Mageia 7, el paquete [[Bumblebee]] puede usarse para puentear el monitor al GPU NVIDIA, permitiendo acceder a su potencia de procesamiento aunque con algo de sobrecarga.<br />
* Se puede utilizar una nueva herramienta, compatible con kernels Linux y servidores Xorg recientes, llamada [[Mageia-prime para Optimus|mageia-prime]] para configurar NVIDIA Prime . Permite cambiar completamente al uso de la GPU NVIDIA sin la sobrecarga de Bumblebee, y es especialmente adecuado para su uso con CUDA. <br />
<br />
En los tres casos, al configurar los controladores gráficos durante la instalación y con las herramientas de mageia regulares, solo se debe configurar la tarjeta integrada (al menos en la mayoría de las configuraciones de Optimus), ya que "generalmente" es la única conectada físicamente a un monitor (De fallar inténtelo del otro modo).<br />
<br />
=== Cargadores de arranque ===<br />
* GRUB2 se ha actualizado a 2.04, con varias características y correcciones retroportadas desde la futura rama 2.06<br />
* Para el arranque UEFI, el [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/ cargador de arranque rEFInd] ahora se admite como alternativa a GRUB2.<br />
<br />
== Entornos de Escritorio ==<br />
<br />
Todos los entornos de escritorio mencionados a continuación se incluyen en los repositorios en línea de Mageia y pueden coexistir en cualquier sistema Mageia 8. Algunos de ellos también se incluyen en los medios físicos, LiveDVDs y DVDs clásicos, como se especifica en cada sección.<br />
<br />
=== Plasma ===<br />
<br />
Plasma, el entorno de escritorio de la comunidad KDE, se ofrece en su versión 5.20.4, construido en base a Qt 5.15.2, KDE Frameworks 5.76 y la version 20.12.0 de las aplicaciones KDE.<br />
<br />
Si quiere probar Plasma sobre '''Wayland''', instale {{pkg|plasma-workspace-wayland}}, y debería aparecer en la lista de entornos de escritorio de su gestor de pantalla favorito.<br />
<br />
El gestor de pantalla predeterminado (DM) para el entorno Plasma es SDDM.<br />
<br />
Si en Mageia 7 tiene habilitado Compiz, deshabilitelo antes de actualizar a Mageia 8, vea la [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Plasma|Errata]].<br />
<br />
Plasma tiene un LiveDVD 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona GNOME 3.38.3. Ahora se ejecuta por defecto en Wayland, pero también ofrece la alternativa de sesión "GNOME en Xorg". Note que con los controladores propietarios de Nvidia, GNOME inicia `por defecto una sesión X11.<br />
<br />
Para aquellos que prefieren el estilo de GNOME 2, GNOME 3 proporciona también una sesión "Gnome Clásico".<br />
<br />
GNOME tiene un LiveDVD 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== LXDE ===<br />
<br />
El entorno de escritorio superligero basado en GTK+2 todavía está disponible y continúa recibiendo mejoras de sus desarrolladores y de nuestro mantenedor de Mageia, aún cuando parte de su comunidad está enfocada en LXQt.<br />
<br />
LXDE puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== Xfce ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona [https://www.xfce.org/about/tour416 Xfce 4.16].<br />
<br />
<br />
Xfce tiene LiveDVD 32-bit y 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== LXQt ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona LXQt 0.16.0.<br />
<br />
LXQt no puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional) debido a limitaciones de espacio en las ISOs.<br />
Es necesario agregar el repositorio en línea para habilitar más opciones en la instalación inicial - esto está explicado en la [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/es/content/software.html#add_supplemental_media documentación del instalador].<br />
<br />
{{Pkg| picom}} reemplaza a {{Pkg| compton}} como compositor de transparencias para openbox, - [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#LXQt|un ajuste manual puede ser necesario]]<br />
<br />
=== MATE ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona MATE 1.24.2.<br />
<br />
MATE puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional). Debido a consideraciones de espacio en el DVD, algunas aplicaciones como mate-screenshot (programa de capturas de pantalla) no están incluidas en la ISO DVD Clásica. Para una experiencia completa del escritorio MATE, se recomienda a los usuarios instalar el paquete {{pkg|task-mate}} después de la instalación inicial.<br />
<br />
=== Cinnamon === <br />
<br />
Se proporciona Cinnamon 4.8.3<br />
<br />
Cinnamon puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalación tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== Enlightenment ===<br />
<br />
El paquete Enlightenment viene con E24.2 y las bibliotecas Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL) 1.25.1, que incluye los paquetes Elementary, Evas-generic-loaders y Evas-generic-players. Entre lo sobresaliente de esta versión esta el soporte para Bluez5, una mejorada herramienta de captura de pantalla, un más flexible modulo de control de música, el monitor de sistema Evisum, la integración del agente de autentificación Polkit-EFL, y una configuración separada de las aplicaciones a cargar al reiniciar E. Para más detalles vea https://www.enlightenment.org/news/e24.2.<br />
<br />
Desde luego Mageia incluye el gestor de conexiones Connman con la interfaz Econnman, y tres aplicaciones basadas en EFL: Terminology el avanzado emulador de terminal, Ephoto el rápido visor de imágenes, y Rage el ligero reproductor de videos. Al igual que con el lanzamiento anterior, Mageia 8 ofrece también un tema con motivos de Mageia como el predeterminado.<br />
<br />
Para aquellos nuevos o que regresen a E, los procesos y aplicaciones de inicio no se toman automáticamente de {{folder|/etc/xdg/autostart}}. Después de la instalación, vaya a {{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Aplicaciones al inicio}}, y agregue los procesos y aplicaciones que necesite que se inicien al arrancar. Las Aplicaciones que (solamente) se carguen al reiniciar el escritorio se manejan separadamente en una lista disponible en {{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Aplicaciones > Aplicaciones al reinicio}}.<br />
<br />
La bandeja del sistema de Enlightenment que utiliza notificaciones SNI, es un modulo separado y debe de ser cargado ({{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Módulos}}) y añadido a un panel (shelf), donde las aplicaciones de Mageia y otras serán mostradas. Las aplicaciones Gtk con soporte appindicator (e.j., el plugin Ubuntu indicator de Pidgin) ahora mostraran sus iconos correctamente.<br />
<br />
Actualmente hay dos problemas conocidos. Primero, Mageia habilita systemd-networkd por defecto para la administración de las redes. Aquellos que prefieran utilizar connman con la interfaz Econnman encontraran que no siempre funciona (tras deshabilitar systemd-networkd y habilitar connman.service), tal vez un resultado de la configuración predeterminada de wpa_supplicant. Existe un gadget recientemente desarrollado que puede utilizar diferentes backends para la administración de las redes inalámbricas, pero aun no se incluye en los repositorios de Mageia.) Segundo, reiniciar E algunas veces produce una advertencia de que el cache Efreet no se ha actualizado. Po lo general puede ignorarlo ya que es producto de un tiempo de espera que para algunos sistemas es muy corto.<br />
<br />
=== Gestores de ventanas livianos ===<br />
<br />
También puede mantener su instalación Mageia 8 aún más ligera y proporcionamos para esto una gran cantidad de pequeños y eficientes gestores de ventanas. Usted puede encontrar afterstep, awesome, dwm, fluxbox, fvwm2, fvwm-crystal, i3, icewm, jwm, matchbox, openbox, pekwm, sugar, swm, y windowmaker. Después de la instalación, aparecen en el menú de inicio de sesión de su gestor de pantalla.<br />
<br />
==== IceWM ====<br />
<br />
IceWM se instala por defecto como entorno de soporte, incluso cuando se selecciona Plasma o GNOME en el instalador. También esta presente en todas las ISO Live.<br />
<br />
Para iniciarlo seleccione "icewm-session" en el administrador de sesión.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones de oficina ==<br />
<br />
LibreOffice ha sido actualizado a 7.0.4.2. Vea las [https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/7.0/es notas del lanzamiento oficial] para más detalles.<br />
<br />
=== Aplicaciones de Internet ===<br />
<br />
'''Iceape''' ha sido retirado, ya que Seamonkey aun no soporta python 3. Nota: ¡Deberá exportar su contenido '''antes''' de actualizar a Mageia 8! Una guía puede encontrarse en {{bug|26593#c14}} y en las búsquedas por internet.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones multimedia ==<br />
<br />
Desde que su última patente expiró, en abril del 2017, el codificador mp3 está disponible desde los repositorios core. Tainted es necesario aún para H.264, H.265/HEVC y AAC.<br />
<br />
==Editores==<br />
<br />
* Vim ha sido actualizado a 8.2.1522<br />
* NeoVim 0.4.3 también se incluye<br />
<br />
== Juegos ==<br />
<br />
En la comunidad de Mageia, nuestro amor por el software libre no excluye a los juegos de código abierto. Se ha hecho un gran esfuerzo durante el ciclo de lanzamiento de Mageia 8 para empaquetar muchos juegos nuevos, haciendo de Mageia 8 una muy buena plataforma para jugadores intensivos y casuales por igual. <br />
Puede revisar Mageia App DB para una lista de [http://mageia.madb.org/package/comparison/release/7/withrelease/8/group/78%2C20%2C64%2C10%2C30%2C46%2C109%2C138%2C74%2C1 todos los juegos nuevos y actualizados en Mageia 8]. La sección siguiente sólo dará algunos ejemplos tomados al tun tun para cada categoría.<br />
<br />
== Educación ==<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 viene con [http://gcompris.net/ gcompris-qt] 1.0. En febrero del 2015, estuvimos entre [https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/new-unified-graphics-for-gcompris quienes colaboraron para mejorar la interfaz gráfica de este importante proyecto].<br />
<br />
== Desarrollo de Software ==<br />
<br />
=== Compiladores y herramientas ===<br />
<br />
Glibc ha sido actualizado a 2.32.<br />
<br />
GCC ha sido actualizado a 10.2, GDB a 10.1 y Valgrind a 3.16.1.<br />
<br />
LLVM ha sido actualizado a 11.0.1.<br />
<br />
Firebird ha sido actualizado a 3.0.7<br />
<br />
IPython ha sido actualizado a 7.19.<br />
<br />
La mayoría de las librerías fueron actualizadas a su versión estable más reciente (con soporte a largo plazo en los casos en que estuvo disponible), como Qt 5.15.2 y GTK+ 3.24.24.<br />
<br />
GTK4 se ofrece en su versión 4.1.0<br />
<br />
Tcl/Tk está en su versión 8.6.10.<br />
<br />
Ocaml ha sido actualizado a 4.10<br />
<br />
Java se ha actualizado a la versión 11, java 8 aun esta disponible pero no es la versión predeterminada. java 16 esta en los repositorios backports.<br />
<br />
Mono se ha actualizado a la versión 6.10.<br />
<br />
Los componentes MinGW se han actualizado.<br />
<br />
=== Software de Virtualización ===<br />
<br />
QEmu ha sido actualizado a 5.2.<br />
<br />
libvirt ha sido actualizado a 7.0, virt-manager a 3.1.0, libguestfs a 1.44.<br />
Xen está en su versión 4.14.<br />
<br />
==== VirtualBox ====<br />
VirtualBox está en su versión 6.1.18.<br />
Nota: En la serie 6.1, VirtualBox solo soporta anfitriones x86_64. '''Cualquier anfitrión de 32 bit [[#Paquetes_que_se_eliminan_tras_actualizar|¡será eliminado]]!'''<br />
<br />
=== Lenguajes de programación ===<br />
<br />
Python 3 ha sido actualizado a 3.8.7.<br />
Python 2 está siendo retirado (la mayoría de módulos de python2 ya fueron quitados).<br />
<br />
Perl ha sido actualizado a 5.32.1<br />
<br />
Ruby ha sido actualizado a 2.7.2.<br />
<br />
Rust está en la versión 1.49.0. Será actualizado durante el ciclo de soporte de Mageia 8 para seguir los nuevos desarrollos.<br />
<br />
PHP ha sido actualizado a 8.0.2, lo que proporciona una mejora adicional en el rendimiento.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones de Servidor ==<br />
===Nginx===<br />
Las nuevas instalaciones del servidor http ''nginx'' utilizan el usuario "apache" : los servidores web en Mageia asumen que se utiliza el usuario "apache" creado por el paquete {{pkg|webserver-base}} (el cual deberán tener como dependencia). Este paquete ha dejado de utilizar "nginx" como usuario {{bug|26183}}.<br />
<br />
===Nextcloud===<br />
El servidor de Nextcloud no estuvo disponible al momento de publicarse Mageia 8, esto se debe a que la versión 21, la primera en soportar PHP8, aun no habia sido sido publicada.<br />
<br />
Por el lado positivo, proporcionamos 2 formas de instalarlo:<br />
* Nextcloud 21 se incluira en los repositorios backports de Mageia 8 backports, {{bug|28511}}.<br />
* En la pagina [[Nextcloud]] encontrara instrucciones para instalarlo manualmente.<br />
<br />
{{warning-es|Las versiones de Nextcloud previas a la versión 21 no funcionaran en Mageia 8 ya que PHP7 ha sido retirado.}}<br />
<br />
La versión principal de Nextcloud en Mageia 7 fue la 15 en el repositorio {{media|core release}}.<br />
¡No es recomendable saltarse versiones intermedias! Por lo tanto *antes* de migrar a Mageia 8 debe actualizar Nextcloud primero a la version 16, luego a la 17, luego a la 18, luego a la 19, y finalmente a la 20. Encontrara esas versiones en los repositorios {{media|backports}} de Mageia 7. En cada actualización asegúrese de que sus aplicaciones están actualizadas (se actualizan utilizando la interfaz de Nextcloud) y algunas es mejor desactivarlas o desinstalarlas antes de cada actualización y reactivarlas en cada actualización, también verifique que Nextcloud funciona tras cada actualización, compruebe los registros. Es muy buena idea hacer Respaldos antes de comenzar el proceso, también revisar la evolución de las instrucciones en https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Nextcloud.<br />
<br />
= Actualizando desde Mageia 7 =<br />
La actualización desde Mageia 7 está soportada y ha sido afinada en los últimos meses.<br />
<br />
Vea también [[Como elegir el Método correcto para Actualizar a una nueva versión|Como elegir el Método correcto para Actualizar a una nueva versión.]]<br />
<br />
{{note-es|Por favor, también lea la sección [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Problemas_de_actualización|Problemas de migración]] de las Erratas.}}<br />
<br />
== Preparativos == <br />
* Respalde cualquier información importante.<br />
* Realice una actualización del sistema (especialmente de rpm y urpmi). <br />
* Si quiere actualizar un sistema de 64-bit, '''primero debe desinstalar las bibliotecas de desarrollo de 32bit que pueda contener'''. Puede reconocerlas por la palabra "devel" en el nombre. Para saber si su sistema aloja dichas bibliotecas puede usar el comando: <br />
:{{cmd|<nowiki>rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{version}-%{RELEASE}-%{ARCH}\n" |grep i586 |grep devel</nowiki>}}<br />
* <br />
Si añadió '''repositorios de terceros''', como el de Google, asegúrese de hacer copia del archivo {{file|urpmi.cfg}} localizado en la carpeta {{folder|/etc/urpmi}}.<br />
* Es bueno liberar algo de espacio, en particular desinstale kernels antiguos, juegos muy pesados...<br />
* Asegúrese de tener instalado un paquete '''task-* de su escritorio favorito'''. Esto asegurara que al finalizar la actualización no falten paquetes necesarios. Ejemplo: {{pkg|task-plasma}}. Si no necesita una instalación completa de Plasma, pruebe {{pkg|task-plasma-minimal}}. Otros escritorios siguen el mismo esquema, como {{pkg|task-gnome, task-xfce}}, etc, algunos también tienen la variante "-minimal".<br />
<br />
<span style="color:red">'''No esta soportado:'''<br />
* Actualizar directamente desde una versión anterior a la previa<br />
* Actualizar utilizando cualquier imagen Live - ya que las imágenes Live son copiadas "tal cual" en el sistema destino.<br />
* Actualizar una instalación de Mageia que '''NO''' estaba en modo UEFI, mediante el modo UEFI<br />
- En estos casos debe realizar una instalación completa (tal vez conservando la carpeta {{folder|/home}})<br />
<br />
== Actualizar via Internet ==<br />
<br />
El applet de actualizaciones de Mageia, Mageia Online, '''notificará''' que una nueva versión de Mageia está disponible y le preguntará si desea proceder. Si acepta, la actualización se llevará a cabo desde su instalación de Mageia sin que sea necesario realizar más pasos.<br/><br />
<br />
Si ha desactivado el applet o no está automáticamente funcionando por alguna razón, puede actualizar manualmente usando tanto la GUI ({{cmd|mgaonline}}) como la CLI ({{cmd|urpmi}}/{{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}). Cada uno de los métodos se desarrollan a continuación.<br />
<br />
Actualice completamente el sistema y compruebe antes de actualizar a la nueva versión que tiene el suficiente espacio disponible. Al menos 2 GB, dependiendo de su configuración, vea la nota y el método seguro en [[#Notas_sobre_Mageia_8#Mediante_linea_de_comandos_.28urpmi.29.|Actualizar mediante linea de comandos usando urpmi]]-<br />
<br />
{{note-es|De ser posible use una conexión cableada a internet, especialmente cuando está usando controladores wlan no libres.}}<br />
<br />
=== Mediante mgaonline (interfaz gráfica)) ===<br />
# Asegurece de desactivar los salva pantallas.<br />
# Use el icono de Mageia Online icon en la bandeja del sistema para actualizar.<br />
<br />
'''- Si no le ofrece la opción de actualizar a la nueva versión de Mageia:'''<br />
* Asegúrese de que su sistema esté completamente actualizado aplicando todas las actualizaciones disponibles.<br />
Vea la documentación de [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/MageiaUpdate.html mageia 8] mientras esta lista la de mageia 8.<br />
<br />
* En Centro de Control Mageia - Administración de Software - Configure la frecuencia de actualizaciones, asegúrese de que la opción [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/mgaapplet-config.html "Compruebe si hay versiones más recientes de Mageia"] está seleccionada.<br />
<br />
* Busque en su carpeta personal el directorio oculto {{Folder|.MgaOnline}}. Si existe un fichero {{file|mgaonline}} en ese directorio, elimínelo.<br />
<br />
Después de reiniciar, el icono azul de actualizaciones debería aparecer la próxima vez que Mageia Online busque nuevas actualizaciones. <br />
<br />
Si Mageia 7 ha llegado al final de su soporte, verá un icono naranja y una advertencia emergente de que Mageia 7 ya no está soportado. <br />
<br />
Alternativamente, puede lanzar el proceso de actualización ingresando lo siguiente en un terminal:<br />
<br />
{{Console-es|<nowiki>mgaapplet-upgrade-helper --new_distro_version=8</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Esto lo notificará de la disponibilidad de la nueva distribución Mageia 8, configurará los repositorios de Mageia y comenzará la migración.<br />
<br />
=== Mediante linea de comandos (urpmi) ===<br />
<br />
Este método es muy útil cuando la partición raíz está cifrada, ya que una vez arrancado el sistema la partición está accesible.<br />
<br />
Existen múltiples vías de obtener una interfaz de línea de comandos(CLI).<br />
<br />
El mejor método para llevar a cabo la actualización es usar el run-level 3, cuando el servidor X y el entorno gráfico no están ejecutándose.<br />
<br />
Por lo tanto, usando el run-level 3 la actualización será más limpia que si lo hiciera desde una aplicación de terminal, ya que estarían en ejecución menos programas que podrían estropear la actualización.<br />
<br />
Si tiene instalado dnf, deberá detener el temporizador dnf makecache, ya que hace que urpmi se bloquee cuando se ejecuta durante la actualización. Los comandos se incluyen a continuación. Vea el fallo {{bug|25072}}<br />
<br />
El nivel de ejecución 3 puede invocarse agregando un "3" a la línea de comandos del kernel editándolo al inicio y obteniendo así un símbolo de inicio de sesión. Otra alternativa es usar el comando:<br />
{{cmd|systemctl isolate multi-user.target}}<br />
<br />
Se recomienda ejecutar "script upgrade_log.txt" antes de lanzar los siguientes comandos para capturar los mensajes de actualización en el caso de que ocurra algún error inesperado. Los mensajes serán escritos en el fichero {{file|upgrade_log.txt}}. Use "exit" para salir de "script".<br />
<br />
Estos son los pasos generales para actualizar:<br />
<br />
* Hágase root en un terminal<br />
{{user to root-es|_}}<br />
{{warning-es|Desde este punto todos los comandos son ejecutados como root}}<br />
* Nos aseguramos de que el sistema este actualizado, como se ha recomendado previamente<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* Desactivar dnf makecache (puede saltarse este paso cuando dnf no esté instalado)<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.service}}<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.timer && systemctl daemon-reload}}<br />
* Eliminar todos los repositorios de su sistema ejecutando el comando:<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}}<br />
* Añadir la fuente de Mageia 8 en línea, ya sea:<br />
** Usando el método MIRRORLIST (que seleccionara un servidor automáticamente de acuerdo a su ubicación geográfica):<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.8.$ARCH.list'}}<br />
*:(urpmi sabe qué sustituir en $ARCH)<br />
** Usando un mirror específico:<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib <url_del_mirror>}}<br />
*:Puede obtener el url_del_mirror usando la [http://mirrors.mageia.org/distrib aplicación web de mirrors de Mageia].<br />
* Finalmente comenzar la actualización: <br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* Es mejor ejecutar el comando anterior dos veces porque la primera vez algunos paquetes descargados pueden no haberse instalado.<br />
<br />
{{Note-es| A veces es una buena idea, cuando tienes más que suficiente espacio libre, simular la actualización antes de llevarla a cabo. <br><br />
Con este comando: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all --test}} todos los paquetes son descargados y la 'actualización' es sólo una simulación. Esto necesita un montón de espacio libre antes de comenzar la prueba - algo así como más de 2GB en la partición /var (O la partición / si no tiene /var en una partición separada, si tiene varios de los principales escritorios y/o varios programas podra necesitar aun más espacio, o podra necesitar menos en si solo tiene un escritorio ligero). Si el espacio lo tiene en otra partición, puede especificar el destino de los ficheros descargados agregando la ruta a esta partición después de {{cmd|--download-all}}.<br><br />
Si el resultado es bueno, entonces lleva a cabo la actualización con el comando: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all}}. También añade la ruta a los ficheros descargados si lo hiciste antes.<br />
Si el resultado no es el esperado, restaura los repositorios de Mageia 7 con {{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}} y {{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.7.$ARCH.list'}} como hiciste anteriormente. y limpie el cache utilizando el comando {{cmd|urpmi --clean}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Mediante linea de comandos (DNF) ===<br />
<br />
Si está usando DNF para la administración de software (y lo ha configurado adecuadamente según [[Usando DNF|la pagina sobre como utilizar DNF]]), puedes actualizar a Mageia 8 en sólo unos pocos pasos (todos los comandos deben ejecutarse como root):<br />
<br />
#Asegúrese de que su sistema está completamente actualizado: {{cmd|dnf upgrade}}<br />
#Instale el plugin {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}: {{cmd|dnf install 'dnf-command(system-upgrade)'}}<br />
#Ejecute la fase de descarga de system-upgrade: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade --releasever 8 download --allowerasing}}<br />
##Se le preguntara antes de descargar los paquetes, y se le indicara cuanto espacio libre se requiere. Si no tiene lo que se le indica mas unos doscientos MB libres en la partición {{folder|/var}} ''(Si {{folder|/var}} no es una partición separada de la partición {{folder|/}}, añada otros doscientos MB de espacio)''. Si no es así, haga suficiente espacio libre o añada la opción {{cmd|--downloaddir ruta_al_directorio_con_espacio_libre}} a este y los próximos comandos de system-upgrade. Ademas si tiene una partición {{folder|/boot}} separada, asegurese de que tiene espacio para [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Actualizando_mediante_dnf|dos variantes del kernel]]. También asegurese de que la partición {{folder|/}} tenga espacio para lo nuevos programas.<br />
##Cuando este seguro de que el espacio disponible es suficiente responda que si (yes) para permitir la descarga. También ejecutara una prueba de la transacción.<br />
<br />
#Si la prueba y la descarga tienen éxito:<br />
## ¡Guarde su trabajo y cierre las aplicaciones!<br />
## Inicie la actualización: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade reboot}} <span style="color:red">'''/!\ NOTA:''' '' ¡Se reiniciara inmediatamente su sistema! '' '''/!\''' </span><br />
<br />
''Ahora disfrute de alguna bebida mientras observa las burbujas en nuestra pantalla de arranque - y sobre de ellas los mensajes sobre lo que esta ocurriendo. Cuando finalice, se reiniciara para que pueda disfrutar de la nueva Mageia.''<br />
<br />
== Usando el DVD tradicional de Mageia 8 para Actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Puede usar el DVD de Mageia 8 tradicional (es decir, el no-Live) para realizar una instalación limpia, pero también para actualizar desde Mageia 7.<br />
<br />
Para actualizar:<br />
<br />
* Descargue la ISO desde la [http://mageia.org/8/ página de descargas] de Mageia y quémela en un DVD o transfierala en un dispositivo USB. Para más detalles, eche una mirada a este [[Installation_Media|artículo acerca de los Medios de Instalación Disponibles]].<br />
* Arranque el DVD y asegúrese de hacerlo en el mismo modo (legacy/BIOS o UEFI) en el que Mageia 7 está instalado.<br />
* Seleccione "Install Mageia 8" del menú de GRUB (el cargador de arranque).<br />
* Seleccione la opción [http://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/selectInstallClass.html Actualizar].<br />
<br />
'''Se recomienda configurar los repositorios en línea durante la actualización, ya que el DVD solo incluye un subconjunto del conjunto completo de repositorios en línea de Mageia.'''<br />
Esto es especialmente importante si utiliza paquetes importantes de 32 bits en una instalación de 64 bits, porque la ISO de 64 bits solo contendrá paquetes de 64 bits, por lo que es probable que la actualización falle si no agrega repositorios en línea.<br />
<br />
Además, es posible que una instalación determinada de Mageia 7 haya recibido una actualización a una versión posterior del software que la disponible en la ISO. Cuando esto sucede, es posible que una actualización no se complete. En el momento en que se prueban los ISO, es imposible anticipar qué paquetes de Mageia 7 pueden actualizarse en el futuro, por lo que las actualizaciones sin conexión (es decir, las actualizaciones intentadas sin configurar los repositorios en línea) no son compatibles. <br />
<br />
La primera vez que reinicie el sistema, use el comando '{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update}}' para [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5687 asegurarse] de que todos los paquetes sean actualizados.<br />
<br />
=== Actualizando una instalación cifrada ===<br />
<br />
Primeramente, en el sistema Mageia 7 en funcionamiento:<br />
<br />
* Eliminar los kernels innecesarios y programas grandes innecesarios.<br />
* Realice una actualización completa.<br />
* Tome nota de los repositorios en uso y de los que serán usados (¿Hay algún tainted habilitado? Si se trata de un sistema de 64 bit, ¿hay algún repositorio de 32 bit habilitado?).<br />
* Tome nota de las particiones usadas y de sus puntos de montaje.<br />
<br />
A continuación, prepare y arranque el instalador tradicional como se describió anteriormente, y:<br />
<br />
* Seleccionar la instalación, seleccionar el lenguaje, aceptar la licencia, seleccionar el país, seleccionar el teclado, personalizar el particionamiento.<br />
* Seleccione sus particiones cifradas, seleccione ''Use'' e ingrese su clave.<br />
* Si es LVM aparece una nueva pestaña con las particiones LV.<br />
* Asigne puntos de montaje para todas las particiones excepto ''swap'' (según las notas que tomó antes, o juzgue por el nombre, tamaño y tipo de las particiones. ¡No olvides que {{folder|/boot}} debe estar fuera del LVM cifrado!).<br />
* IMPORTANTE: Después de hacer clic en Siguiente, ¡asegúrese de que la opción para formatear todas las particiones NO está seleccionada! O, si quiere un sistema nuevo pero manteniendo la información de usuario: formatear {{folder|/boot}}, {{folder|/}} y cualquier otra como {{folder|/usr}}, {{folder|/tmp}}, etc que pueda tener, pero NO {{folder|/home}}.<br />
* Debería habilitar todos los repositorios (usando las notas que tomó antes) de acuerdo a aquellos usados en su anterior instalación de Mageia - excepto backports.<br />
* Al igual que con una instalación no cifrada, se recomienda configurar los repositorios en línea, incluidos los repositorios de actualizaciones relevantes.<br />
<br />
= Problemas conocidos =<br />
== Se requiere de acciones del usuario ==<br />
'Acciones de su parte que que no se describen en otro lugar ni en las Erratas.''<br />
<br />
=== VeraCrypt ===<br />
Tras actualizar a Mageia 8, VeraCrypt no funciona con sudo como antes. {{Bug|28001}}<br />
<br />
Desde [https://github.com/veracrypt/VeraCrypt/releases/tag/VeraCrypt_1.24-Update2 veracrypt-1.24u2] tine que añadir el parámetro '--use-dummy-sudo-password' al ejecutar VeraCrypt para conseguir el comportamiento anterior con sudo. También vea el foro de [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1906246#p1906246 Arch Linux].<br />
<br />
== Fallos ==<br />
Vea la [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8| pagina de Erratas]].<br />
<br />
=== Reporte de fallos ===<br />
<br />
Tenemos un [https://bugs.mageia.org/ sistema de seguimiento de fallos], pero por favor antes de reportar cualquier fallo primero lea las [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8| Erratas]] y use el buscador del sistema bugzilla para ver si el fallo no ha sido reportado, y en caso de estar reportado tal vez pueda añadir información valiosa o ayudar probando alguna actualización propuesta. Para contribuir necesita una cuenta Mageia que puede crear en https://identity.mageia.org/. Si no sabe como reportar un fallo [[Bugzilla#How-to_report_a_bug| lea esto]].<br />
<br />
También sera bienvenido en nuestros [https://forums.mageia.org Foros en ingles].Para la fase de desarollo visite las secciones "Testing : Alpha, Beta, RC y Cauldron".<br />
<br />
= Paquetes eliminados en la distribución =<br />
<br />
== Paquetes que no se eliminan tras actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Los siguientes paquetes se han eliminado de la distribución pero no son afectados por el proceso de actualización, deberían seguir funcionando, pero no recibirán ningún soporte en caso de que no fuera así, ni recibirán actualizaciones, lo que significa que estarán desactualizados comparados con la versión de desarrollo y que estarán expuestos a potenciales problemas de seguridad. Probablemente debería de instalar desde el sitio del desarrollador pero eso es decisión suya.<br />
<br />
Esta categoría contiene los siguientes paquetes:<br />
* GLPI y sus extensiones<br />
* galette<br />
* Nextcloud ([[#Nextcloud|temporalmente]])<br />
* PyCharm-community<br />
* Scilab<br />
* MysqlWorkbench<br />
<br />
== Paquetes que se eliminan tras actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Los siguientes paquetes se han eliminado de la distribución y se han marcado como obsoletos en el paquete {{pkg|task-obsolete}}, así que serán eliminados tras la actualización.<br />
<br />
Esta categoría contiene los siguientes paquetes:<br />
* {{pkg|fslint}} ya que requiere python2 y gtk2. Vea el [https://github.com/pixelb/fslint/issues/172 reporte en el sitio de desarrollo]. Tal vez quiera probar [https://github.com/qarmin/czkawka czkawka] que puede [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Flatpak|instalarse mediante flatpak]].<br />
* [[#Aplicaciones de Internet|Iceape]]<br />
* {{pkg|java3d}} {{bug|27875}}<br />
* {{pkg|kde-rootactions-servicemenu}} se ha eliminado por que no recibe mantenimiento y tiene fallos.<br />
* {{prog|Mailman}} debido a problemas de seguridad y a que depende de python2. Desafortunadamente aun no tenemos Mailman 3. [https://www.gnu.org/software/mailman/ El sitio de mailman] lista instrucciones de instalación y un contenedor Docker esta disponible [https://docs.mailman3.org/en/latest/install/install.html aquí.]<br />
* El controlador [[#Controlador_Propietario_NVIDIA|nvidia340]] ha sido eliminado.<br />
* {{prog|PlayOnLinux}}, ya aun no esta portado a Python3, vea el sitio del desarrollador {{bug|28717}}. <br />
Como alternativa pruebe [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Ejecutar programas de MSWindows|Ejecutar programas de MSWindows]] y [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Entornos de Juegos (y algunas aplicaciones también)|Entornos de Juegos]] en su lugar.<br />
* Los anfitriones de 32 bit de [[#VirtualBox|VirtualBox]].<br />
* {{pkg|youtube-dl-gui}} (Python2). Alternativas sugeridas: [https://github.com/oleksis/youtube-dl-gui la bifurcación en Python3], desde los repositorios {{pkg|Tartube}} o {{pkg|clipgrab}}. [https://clipgrab.org/].<br />
* ...<br />
{{...-es}}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Release Notes]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 8]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_8_note_di_rilascio-it&diff=51890Mageia 8 note di rilascio-it2021-05-18T23:23:26Z<p>Filip: Update doc links for mga8 (bug 28510)</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Release Notes]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 8]]<br />
<br />
{{Banner multilingue-it|[[Mageia 8 Veröffentlichungshinweise-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]] ; [[Notas_sobre_Mageia_8|Español]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notes_de_version-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia 8 note di rilascio-it|Italiano]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notas_da_Versão_pt-PT|Portuguese (Portugal)]] ;}}<br />
<br />
<span style="color:red">'''La pagina è attualmente in fase di sviluppo'''</span><br />
<br />
== Introduzione ==<br />
<br />
Mageia è un sistema operativo Libero della famiglia GNU/Linux, che può essere installato su computer sia come sistema operativo principale che come sistema alternativo a uno o più sistemi pre-installati (''dual boot''). Si tratta di un progetto comunitario sostenuto dall’organizzazione non profit Mageia.org, composta da collaboratori eletti. Mageia è sviluppata ''da'' e ''per'' la propria comunità di utenti, ed è adatta a tutti i tipi di utente, dai neofiti di GNU/Linux agli sviluppatori esperti o ai sistemisti.<br />
<br />
L’ultimo rilascio stabile del progetto Mageia, Mageia 8, è il frutto di più di un anno di sviluppo. Sarà supportata con aggiornamenti di sicurezza e bug fix per 18 mesi, fino a Ottobre 2022.<br />
<br />
=== Media di installazione disponibili ===<br />
<br />
Mageia ha tre tipologie di media di installazione:<br />
<br />
* Le '''ISO Classiche''' (DVD 32-bit, DVD 64-bit), che utilizzano [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/index.html l’installer classico DrakX]. Le ISO a 32-bit e 64-bit contengono tutte le localizzazioni supportate, una grande varietà di pacchetti tra cui scegliere (compresi la maggior parte dei desktop environment supportati) e '''tutti i driver non-free'''. L’utilizzo di pacchetti non-free può essere disabilitato durante l’installazione. Si noti che per scelta, l’installer Classico non userà driver non-free durante l’installazione, motivo per il quale potrebbe essere necessaria una connessione Ethernet se durante l’installazione si intende utilizzare repositories online per applicare aggiornamenti.<br />
<br />
* Le '''ISO di installazione via rete''' (32-bit e 64-bit, entrambe in versione free e non-free), sono di dimensioni ridotte e contengono solamente l’installer [[#Fase_1|Fase 1]], che contiene il supporto hardware necessario per l’avvio, la connessione e lo scaricamento della fase 2. La versione non-free potrebbe risultare necessaria per ottenere i driver di cui si ha bisogno, ad es. per il Wi-Fi. A partire dalla fase 2, l’installazione è identica a quella della ISO Classica, se non per lo scaricamento di tutte le risorse necessarie che avviene da Mageia o altri repository, preferibilmente locali. ''Nota: è buona idea effettuare un’installazione minimale, per poi installare il resto dei pacchetti dal sistema avviato – specialmente durante la fase di sviluppo di Mageia (alpha, beta, RC), in quanto i pacchetti e in special modo i file che li elencano cambiano frequentemente. Nota: le ISO di installazione via rete non sono adatte all’avvio con EFI 32-bit.''<br />
<br />
* Le '''ISO Live''' possono essere avviate direttamente per utilizzare Mageia, e possono venire installate sul proprio disco. I media live sono forniti con i desktop environment Plasma (64-bit), GNOME (64-bit) o Xfce (32 o 64-bit). I DVD Live contengono tutte le localizzazione supportate, un ampio supporto hardware e una pre-selezione di software, rendendole uno strumento veloce per poter cominciare a lavorare in breve tempo. Si noti che una funzionalità opzionale di [[Metodi_d'installazione-it#Persistenza_con_dispositivi_di_memoria|persistenza]] che mantiene i file e le personalizzazioni dell’utente per il prossimo avvio è stata ggiunta, con la possibilità di criptare i propri dati. '''In questo modo puoi portare facilmente Mageia e i tuoi file con te!'''. La modalità di persistenza necessita di ''minore'' RAM. Suggerimento: per ottimizzare l’aggiornamento puoi disinstallare dei pacchetti. Guarda [[Removing packages#Persistent Live USB]] e altro ancora sulla rispettiva pagina wiki. Puoi anche [[Draklive2|creare la tua Live!]]<br />
<br />
Tutte le immagini ISO possono essere masterizzate su un DVD o [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|caricate su chiavetta USB]]. Si tenga presente le dimensioni dei file e della chiavetta, dal momento che, ad esempio, un’immagine ISO di 4 GB potrebbe essere troppo grande per chiavette dalla capacità “nominale” di 4 GB, a causa della effettiva capacità di queste ultime leggermente inferiore rispetto a quella pubblicizzata.<br />
<br />
Per maggior informazioni, controllare la pagina [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/Select-and-use-ISOs.html media d’installazione] del nostro manuale.<br />
<br />
Puoi trovare le differenti opzioni di download sulla [https://www.mageia.org/8/ pagina di download di Mageia 8]: sono disponibili download diretti (FTP e HTTP) e BitTorrent.<br />
<br />
=== I repositories online di Mageia ===<br />
<br />
I pacchetti software inclusi in Mageia si trovano in tre differenti repositories / media, in base al tipo di licenza applicata per ogni pacchetto. Di seguito una panoramica dei repositories:<br />
<br />
* '''Core''': il repository Core include pacchetti con software libero e open source, ad es. pacchetti rilasciati sotto una licenza libera e open source. Il gruppo composto dai media “Core”, “Core Release” e “Core Updates” è abilitato di default.<br />
* '''Nonfree''': il repository Nonfree include pacchetti utilizzabili gratuitamente e la cui redistribuzione è permessa, ma che contengono software closed-source (da cui il nome – Nonfree). Ad esempio, questo repository include i driver proprietari per le schede grafiche NVIDIA e AMD/ATI, firmware per diverse schede Wi-Fi, ecc. <br /><br />
L’insieme Nonfree è abilitato di default ma può essere disabilitato, se necessario, durante l’installazione.<br />
* '''Tainted''': il repository Tainted include pacchetti rilasciati sotto una licenza libera. Il criterio principale alla base della scelta di inserire pacchetti in questo repository è legato alla possibilità che questi possano violare brevetti e leggi sul diritti d’autore in alcuni paesi, ad esempio i codec multimediali necessari per riprodurre svariati file audio / video; pacchetti utilizzati per riprodurre DVD commerciali, ecc.<br /><br />
L’insieme Tainted è aggiunto di default ma '''non''' abilitato, risultando così totalmente facoltativo; controlla dunque le leggi locali prima di utilizzare pacchetti da questo repository.<br />
<br />
==== Repositories 32 bit su sistemi 64 bit ====<br />
<br />
Si tenga presente come su '''sistemi a 64-bit''', i '''repositories a 32-bit siano configurati, ma non abilitati di default'''. Sono necessari per alcuni pacchetti, come {{prog|Steam}}. Se intendi installare questi pacchetti che hanno dipendenze da pacchetti in repositories 32-bit, assicurati di avere entrambi “Core 32bit Release” e “Core 32bit Updates” abilitati. Allo stesso modo, anche 32 bit Nonfree o Tainted (entrambi sia Release che Updates) potrebbero essere necessari. Regole di base: non abilitare repositories 32-bit senza i corrispettivi 64-bit, in quanto (generalmente) le librerie 64-bit sono preferite su sistemi 64-bit. Inoltre, una volta utilizzato un repository 32-bit, tieni entrambe le opzioni Release e Updates abilitate per evitare potenziali ostacoli agli aggiornamenti.<br />
<br />
== Novità principali della versione ==<br />
<br />
=== Analisi dei metadata dei pacchetti più rapida ===<br />
<br />
I metadata Urpmi sono compressi con Zstd invece che con Xz, con il risultato di un’analisi più rapida.<br />
<br />
=== Python2 è perlopiù abbandonato ===<br />
<br />
La maggior parte dei moduli e del software python2 è stata rimossa.<br />
<br />
=== Supporto ARM ===<br />
<br />
Il port per ARM (Advanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) Machine) rilanciato durante i giorni di Mageia 7 è stato migliorato. Il core è disponibile per ARMv7 e AArch64.<br />
<br />
Al momento non è disponibile un installer tradizionale: si tratta di un rilascio sperimentale, ma la maggior parte della distribuzione è stata compilata con successo su entrambe le architetture (dai un’occhiata alla pagina [https://pkgsubmit.mageia.org/arm-status.html panoramica dello status ARM] per maggiori dettagli). L’obiettivo è quello di fornire immagini d’installazione per i più comuni dispositivi ARM nei prossimi mesi. Per queste immagini, dal momento dell’uscita di Mageia 8, non vi è un tempo estimato di rilascio.<br />
<br />
Attualmente Drakboot è in parte in grado di configurare UEFI su AArch64.<br />
<br />
== Novità principali ==<br />
<br />
=== Installazione ===<br />
<br />
==== Fase 1 ====<br />
<br />
* Il supporto hardware è stato esteso per permettere l’avvio dell’installer su computer recenti e per garantire una maggiore compatibilità con hardware Wi-Fi.<br />
* Il supporto per NFS avviene tramite strumenti di sistema piuttosto che attraverso il nostro vecchio fork di 15 anni fa del codice NFS, ottenendo così, tra gli altri, il supporto per NFSv4.<br />
* La fase1 supporta il caricamento della fase2 attraverso connessioni Wi-Fi protette con WPA2 ({{bug|9541}}) (WEP è da tempo supportato)<br />
<br />
==== Fase 2 ====<br />
<br />
* Numerosi bug fixes e miglioramenti del partizionatore<br />
* L’immagine squashfs della fase 2 è ora compressa con Zstd invece che con Xz per un più veloce avvio<br />
* Supporto per i file system:<br />
** Supporto per l’installazione su F2FS (nella modalità esperto)<br />
** Migliorato il supporto per Nilfs2: è ora possibile riformattare o ridimensionare la partizione (ma non è ancora adatto come filesystem di sistema a causa di funzionalità mancanti)<br />
** È ora possibile ridimensionare le partizioni XFS anche se non in LVM (se lo spazio disponibile lo permette)<br />
** I filesystem exFAT sono mostrati come FAT & NTFS (ma exFAT non può essere ridimensionato)<br />
** NTFS di Windows 10 ("[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms Compact OS]") è ora supportato attraverso il [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms plugin ntfs-3g-system compression] ({{bug|21737}})<br />
* La configurazione del bootloader è ora più sicura: il vecchio grub.cfg viene mantenuto fintanto che update-grub2 non l’abbia sovrascritto ({{bug|25542}})<br />
* L’installazione minimale su LUKS è avviabile<br />
<br />
==== Modalità di ripristino (rescue) ====<br />
<br />
Il sistema di ripristino è stato migliorato:<br />
* L’immagine squashfs della fase2 di ripristino è ora compressa con Zstd invece che con Xz per un avvio più veloce<br />
* Il caricamento è leggermente più veloce (vengono caricati meno moduli e i tipi di file system non vengono forzati)<br />
*È ora in grado di riparare LUKS/LVM criptati.<br />
<br />
==== ISO Live ====<br />
<br />
* L’avvio e l’installazione della ISO Live è ora molto più veloce grazie al rilevamento hardware ottimizzato e all’uso di Zstd nella compressione del filesystem di base.<br />
* La ISO Live ora si avvia senza configurare X.Org, basandosi sulla modalità automatica di X.Org<br />
* Diskdrake ora supporta l’aggiunta di partizioni alle ISO Live su chiavette USB ({{bug|25224}})<br />
* La partizione persistente di una ISO Live su una chiavetta USB può ora essere criptata ({{bug|25191}})<br />
* L’installer della ISO Live ora supporta la configurazione di media online e l’installazione di aggiornamenti<br />
<br />
==== Supporto hardware ====<br />
<br />
* ARM v7 e AArch64 sono ora architetture primarie, per le quali tutti i pacchetti vengono compilati<br />
<br />
=== Localizzazione (l10n) / Internazionalizzazione (i18n) ===<br />
<br />
==== Manuali ====<br />
<br />
* I manuali per l’installer tradizionale e per il Centro di Controllo Mageia sono stati (parzialmente) tradotti in molte lingue. Dai un’occhiata alla [http://www.mageia.org/doc/ nostra documentazione ufficiale]<br />
* Quando una schermata localizzata non è disponibile per un manuale HTML, viene utilizzata una schermata inglese.<br />
* I manuali PDF e EPUB sono creati solamente quando più della metà delle schermate localizzate necessarie per quei manuali sono disponibili.<br />
<br />
==== Traduzioni software ====<br />
<br />
Nuove traduzioni sono state aggiunte, mentre altre sono state migliorate. Un ringraziamento alla nostra appassionata comunità di traduttori per la loro dedizione.<br />
<br />
=== Gestione dei pacchetti ===<br />
<br />
==== Nuova versione di RPM ====<br />
<br />
RPM è stato aggiornato alla versione 4.16.1.2.<br />
<br />
RPM 4.16 offre miglioramenti chiave ad RPM nel suo insieme, tra cui:<br />
<br />
* Aggiunta del rilevamento automatico e relativa ottimizzazione di SSD (su Linux, disabilitato di default)<br />
* Aggiunta della sincronizzazione del filesystem alla fine delle transazioni (rhbz#1461765)<br />
* Aggiunta dell’impronta del messaggio SHA256 anche agli headers gpg-pubkey<br />
* Aggiunto il supporto per meta-dipendenze (ad esempio Requires(meta): qualche_pacchetto) che non influiscono sui comandi d’installazione / eliminazione (rhbz#1648721)<br />
* Aggiunto il supporto per la generazione di macro parametrici<br />
* Il supporto per RPM v3 è stato notevolmente deprecato (#1007)<br />
* Operazioni più veloci:<br />
** Ottimizzazione di numerose operazioni attraverso la parallelizzazione fino a %_smp_build_ncpus<br />
** Ottimizzazione di numerose operazioni attraverso la parallelizzazione del thread fino a %_smp_build_nthreads (ma limitata ad un massimo di 4 su piattaforme a 32 bit)<br />
** Aggiunta del supporto per l’elaborazione parallela in brp-strip<br />
** Priorità ai pacchetti grandi durante la scrittura dei pacchetti<br />
* Backends:<br />
** Il backend Berkley DB è stato deprecato<br />
** Aggiunta dell’implementazione indipendente per il supporto in sola lettura BDB (sperimentale)<br />
** Aggiunto un nuovo backend database basato su SQLite (sperimentale)<br />
** NDB non è più considerato sperimentale<br />
<br />
Maggiori informazioni sui cambiamenti da RPM 4.14 (fornito con Mageia 7) a RPM 4.16 sono disponibili dal sito RPM:<br />
* RPM 4.16.1.2: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1.2<br />
* RPM 4.16.1: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1<br />
* RPM 4.16: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.0<br />
* RPM 4.15: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.15.0<br />
<br />
==== DNF: il gestore di pacchetti alternativo ====<br />
<br />
DNF (Dandified Yum) è stato introdotto come alternativa a urpmi a partire da Mageia 6.<br />
<br />
DNF è un risolutore di dipendenze di prossima generazione e uno strumento di gestione dei pacchetti di alto calibro che vede le sue radici in due progetti: YUM di Fedora (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) e SAT Solver di openSUSE (libsolv). DNF è nato come fork da YUM anni fa, in modo da poterlo riscrivere con il supporto della libreria SAT Solver di openSUSE e per riorganizzare profondamente il codice di base, rendendo disponibile una API robusta per poter contemporaneamente estendere DNF (attraverso plugins e hooks) e creare applicazioni basate su di esso (come interfacce grafiche e strutture automatizzate per la manutenzione del sistema).<br />
<br />
DNF fornisce migliori rapporti dei problemi, un tracciamento avanzato di vulnerabilità, supporto per grandi dipendenze (si vedano le note di rilascio di RPM per maggiori informazioni a riguardo), e informazioni più dettagliate sulle transazioni durante l’esecuzione delle azioni.<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 viene rilasciata con la versione 4.6.0 di DNF.<br />
<br />
Aggiornamenti di sistema attraverso DNF sono supportati. Si veda la [[#Upgrading_online.2C_using_DNF_.28CLI.29|sezione dedicata all’aggiornamento con DNF]] nelle note di rilascio per maggiori informazioni.<br />
<br />
Per maggiori informazioni sulla modularità: https://docs.pagure.org/modularity/<br />
<br />
Note di rilascio di DNF: https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/release_notes.html<br />
<br />
Con nuove installazione attraverso immagini classiche o live, DNF verrà installato in parallelo con urpmi. In base al modello utilizzato per aggiornare a mageia 8, potrebbe essere necessario installare il pacchetto {{Prog|dnf}} per averlo disponibile.<br />
<br />
Per informazioni su come utilizzare DNF, si faccia riferimento alla pagina wiki: [[Utilizzo di DNF]].<br />
<br />
==== Appstream ====<br />
<br />
I nostri repositories RPM-MD (RPM MetaData, utilizzati da DNF e PackageKit) forniscono metadata AppStream. Strumenti come GNOME Software (per il desktop GNOME, pacchettizzato come {{Prog|gnome-software}}) e Plasma Discover (per il desktop KDE, pacchettizzato come {{Prog|discover}}) sfruttano i metadata AppStream per fornire una migliore e più facile ricerca, identificazione e gestione delle applicazioni.<br />
<br />
AppStream è un’iniziativa combinata di diverse distribuzioni per migliorare i repositories software attraverso la standardizzazione dei metadata delle appliczioni. Garantisce una visione centrata sull’applicazione all’interno dei repositories e fornisce specificazioni necessarie per creare software center intuitivi.<br />
<br />
Per maggiori informazioni, dai un’occhiata al sito di AppStream:<br />
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Distributions/AppStream/<br />
<br />
==== perl-URPM e urpmi ====<br />
<br />
* La documentazione è stata migliorata (ad esempio : [https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/URPM/URPM.pm URPM] e [https://metacpan.org/pod/urpm urpm] & CPAN)<br />
* [http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=urpmi urpmi]/[http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=URPM perl-URPM] supportano una maggiore gamma di versioni di rpm, da rpm-4.9 all’ultimo 4.16, da perl-5.8 a perl-5.32<br />
* Diversi bug fixes sono stati implementati<br />
* Urpmi supporta l’opzione --reinstall<br />
* I metadata Urpmi sono compressi con Zstd invece che con Xz (per un parsing più veloce)<br />
* I media a 32-bit non vengono abilitati di default su sistemi a 64-bit ({{bug|24376}})<br />
** Ad eccezione di sistemi a 32-bit con EFI, i quali necessitano dei media Core 32bit per il bootloader<br />
* All’aggiunta di media distrib, i media 32-bit vengono attivati ove necessario ({{bug|24438}})<br />
<br />
=== Strumenti ===<br />
<br />
==== Centro di Controllo Mageia ====<br />
<br />
==== Altro ====<br />
<br />
===== MageiaWelcome =====<br />
<br />
La schermata di ‘Benvenuto’ è un’applicazione che viene mostrata agli utenti al momento dell’avvio di una nuova installazione di Mageia. È stata completamente rivoluzionata in modo da fornire un approccio lineare, con passi che si susseguono in un ordine logico di cose importanti da fare e da sapere dopo l’installazione. L’applicazione verrà caricata ad ogni avvio successivo, ma si tratta di una funzione che può essere disabilitata. La schermata di benvenuto può essere invocata in qualsiasi momento come una normale applicazione (mageiawelcome) – anche se l’opzione di avvio automatico è disabilitata.<br />
<br />
MageiaWelcome utilizza Python e QML. È ora ridimensionabile e utilizza i caratteri del desktop environment.<br />
<br />
===== Isodumper =====<br />
<br />
[[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks|Isodumper]] è uno strumento per scrivere immagini ISO su dispositivi di memoria. La routine di controllo dopo le operazioni di scrittura effettua un controllo di un file sha3sum e della corrispettiva firma.<br><br><br />
La nuova partizione ''persistente'' può ora essere criptata. Sarà riconosciuta unicamente da Mageia 8 e successive immagini ISO. Dai un’occhiata [[Installation_Media#Persistence_with_memory_devices|qui]] per maggiori informazioni.<br />
<br />
===== Docker =====<br />
<br />
L’ecosistema Docker (basato sulla versione 19.03 del motore) è stato esteso con molti strumenti addizionali come docker-compose (orchestrazione con il supporto v3), containered (demone di controllo runC), docker-registry (condivisione di immagini), docker-machine (installazione di docker su un sistema remoto), e python-docker (librerie python 2 e 3 per la gestione di motori API).<br />
<br />
===== Strumenti LiveCD =====<br />
<br />
Con Mageia 8, gli Strumenti LiveCD sono stati aggiornati all’ultima versione (v.27.0).<br />
<br />
Per informazioni su come utilizzare gli Strumenti LiveCD, si faccia riferimento alla pagina wiki: [[Utilizzare gli Strumenti LiveCD]]<br />
<br />
===== draklive2 =====<br />
<br />
L'interfaccia GUI è stata migliorata per includere la fase di riepilogo dell’installer classico, permettendo così una facile configurazione delle impostazioni locali, del fuso orario, dei servizi di sistema e dei firewalls. La fase di selezione individuale dei pacchetti ora include una modalità a lista semplice, rimuovendo le restrizioni su quali pacchetti possano essere selezionati.<br />
<br />
Per maggiori informazioni, si faccia riferimento alla pagina wiki: [[draklive2]]<br />
<br />
===== PCMemTest =====<br />
<br />
Si tratta di un fork e di una sostanziale riscrittura dell’utility di test della memoria Memtest86+. A differenza di Memtest86+, PCMemTest può essere usato con avvii UEFI così come legacy BIOS (con la limitazione che in avvii UEFI, l’input da tastiera funziona solamente se il CSM è abilitato nel BIOS). PCMemTest soppianta Memtest86+ come utility di test della memoria su tutte le ISO di Mageia. Può anche essere installato sul sistema di un utente, dove sarà automaticamente aggiunto al menu di boot.<br />
<br />
=== Sistema base ===<br />
<br />
==== Kernel e supporto hardware ====<br />
<br />
* Mageia 8 utilizza il kernel 5.10.16.<br />
Tutto l’hardware gestito da questione versione del kernel è abilitato. Il kernel fornisce migliori prestazioni grafiche con Mesa 20.3.4.<br />
* Altre varianti del kernel sono incluse: in particolare, kernel-linus (una versione di base stock del kernel senza alcun set di patch). Dai un’occhiata alla pagina wiki [[Varianti del kernel]] per maggiori informazioni.<br />
* I pianificatori single-queue sono stati rimossi upstream a partire dal kernel 5.0. Se si necessita dell’utility ionice, andrebbe considerata l’installazione di un nuovo pacchetto {{pkg|ionice-scheduler}} che abilita il pianificatore BFQ per dischi meccanici.<br />
* cpupower e powersave <BR><br />
Ci sono stati diversi cambiamenti a riguardo dalla versione 5.8 del kernel. Se si utilizza intel_pstate (per Sandy Bridge e nuove CPUs Intel), il comportamento di default è cambiato su CPUs senza il supporto per la gestione dell’hardware P-states (HWP), rendendo necessaria l’aggiunta del parametro kernel ''intel_pstate=active'' per ripristinare il comportamento precedente nel caso di prestazioni peggiori. (Controlla {{bug|27191}}).<br />
<br />
==== Driver grafici ====<br />
<br />
Mesa è stato aggiornato alla versione 20.3.4.<br />
<br />
I driver grafici ora utilizzano la nuova implementazione indipendente rispetto alle case produttrici libGL (colloquialmente definita "glvnd": GL Vendor Neutral Dispatch), che è stata sviluppata per risolvere molte delle problematiche del supporto OpenGL su moderni sistemi Linux.<br />
* Gli utenti avranno la possibilità di installare e utilizzare con successo Mesa e driver GL di terze parti in parallelo.<br />
* Questo permette ulteriori performance e funzionalità per configurazioni con GPU ibride (laptop di fascia alta, ad esempio).<br />
<br />
===== Sistema X Window (X) =====<br />
<br />
Mageia viene fornita con X.Org 1.20.10.<br />
<br />
===== Driver video AMD =====<br />
<br />
* Mageia 8 utilizza i driver video liberi per schede grafiche AMD/ATI, AMDGPU per schede recenti e Radeon per quelle più vecchie. Rispetto a Mageia 7, il supporto hardware è stato esteso e le prestazioni migliorate.<br />
* Il driver proprietario AMDGPU-PRO al momento funziona solo con X.Org 1.1xx, per questo motivo non può essere utilizzato in Mageia 8.<br />
* Nel caso di schede ibride, la soluzione esposta nella pagina [[#Optimus laptops|driver nouveau]] e il pre-comando DRI_PRIME=n sono entrambi funzionanti, quantomeno con il driver radeon.<br />
<br />
===== Driver NVIDIA =====<br />
<br />
* L’attuale driver libero Nouveau offre un maggiore supporto hardware e migliori prestazioni rispetto a Mageia 7.<br />
<br />
====== Driver NVIDIA proprietari ======<br />
<br />
* I driver proprietari NVIDIA sono disponibili nei repositories nonfree:<br />
<br />
* GPUs recenti sono supportate dai driver della serie R460 "nvidia-current". (solo 64-bit)<br />
<br />
* Per GPUs più vecchie, offriamo i driver proprietari della serie R390 "nvidia390".<br />
<br />
* Purtroppo dobbiamo abbandonare i driver R340 "nvidia340" a causa di problematiche relative alla sicurezza nel blob binario NVIDIA. Molte delle GPUs supportate interessate verranno indirizzate al driver R390 aggiornato. Nel caso in cui questo non dovesse avvenire, verrà utilizzato nouveau. Nel caso di problemi, si provi ad utilizzare i driver vesa X11, modificando la prima opzione del menu di boot e cambiando "xdriver=free" in "xdriver=vesa".<br />
<br />
====== Laptops Optimus ======<br />
<br />
I possessori di un laptop NVIDIA Optimus (con processore grafico integrato Intel e GPU dedicata NVIDIA) ora hanno tre modi per sfruttare la potenza della propria GPU dedicata:<br />
* I driver liberi Nouveau supportano l’offloading di GPU Prime senza bisogno di ulteriori configurazioni attraverso la variabile DRI_PRIME=1 (a meno che il driver proprietario NVIDIA sia in uso, ad esempio da mageia-prime). Si faccia riferimento alla [https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/Optimus/ Documentazione Nouveau] per vedere come configurare Xorg per utilizzare NVIDIA Prime con DRI3.<br />
* A partire da Mageia 7, il pacchetto [[Bumblebee]] può essere utilizzato per connettere il monitor alla GPU NVIDIA, permettendo di sfruttarne la potenza di calcolo, sebbene con un carico addizionale.<br />
* Un nuovo strumento sperimentale chiamato {{Prog|mageia-prime}} può essere utilizzato per configurare NVIDIA Prime supportate dai kernel recenti e dai server Xorg. Permette di passare all’uso della GPU NVIDIA senza il carico di Bumblebee, ed è particolarmente adatto all’utilizzo con CUDA.<br />
<br />
In tutti e tre i casi, nel configurare i driver grafici, bisogna configurare solamente la scheda Intel (perlomeno nella maggioranza delle configurazioni Optimus), dal momento che solitamente è l’unica scheda connessa fisicamente a un monitor.<br />
<br />
==== Bootloaders ====<br />
<br />
* GRUB2 è stato aggiornato alla versione [https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/grub.git/tree/NEWS?h=grub-2.04 2.04], con molte funzionalità e correzioni incorporate dal branch della futura release 2.06<br />
* Per avvii con UEFI, il [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/ boot manager rEFInd] è ora supportato come alternativa a GRUB2.<br />
<br />
=== Desktop environments ===<br />
<br />
Tutti i desktop environment menzionati qui sotto sono inclusi nei repositories online di Mageia, e possono essere installati in parallelo su qualsiasi sistema con Mageia 8. Alcuni di questi sono anche inclusi nei media fisici, nei DVD Live e nei DVD Classici, come descritto nelle rispettive sezioni.<br />
<br />
==== Plasma ====<br />
<br />
Plasma, il desktop environment della comunità KDE, è fornito nella versione 5.20.4, basato su Qt 5.15.2 e KDE Frameworks 5.76, con applicazioni KDE alla versione 20.12.0.<br />
<br />
Se si vuole provare Plasma con '''Wayland''', è necessario installare plasma-workspace-wayland per far comparire la sessione nel proprio display manager preferito durante il login.<br />
<br />
La sessione Wayland con i driver nonfree 455 (current) è disponibile rimuovendo "nokmsboot" e aggiungendo "nouveau.modeset=0" nella linea di comando del kernel. - Si tratta di un’Anteprima Tecnologica – Technology Preview – destinata ai testers.<br />
<br />
Il display manager (DM) di default per l’ambiente Plasma è Simple Desktop Display Manager (SDDM).<br />
<br />
Se '''Compiz''' è attivo in Mageia 7, disabilitarlo prima dell’aggiornamento. Dai un’occhiata a [[Mageia_8_Errata#Plasma|Errata]].<br />
<br />
Plasma ha un DVD Live 64-bit dedicato, e può anche essere installato dalla ISO del DVD Classico (installer tradizionale).<br />
<br />
==== GNOME ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3.38.3 è la versione disponibile in Mageia 8. La sessione di default è con Wayland, ma è disponibile anche la sessione alternativa "GNOME con Xorg".<br />
Con i driver nonfree NVIDIA, GNOME verrà avviato di default in una sessione X11.<br />
<br />
Per coloro che preferiscono lo stile di GNOME 2, GNOME 3 mette a disposizione una sessione "Gnome Classic".<br />
<br />
GNOME ha un DVD Live 64-bit dedicato, e può anche essere installato dalla ISO del DVD Classico (installer tradizionale).<br />
<br />
==== LXDE ====<br />
<br />
Il desktop environment super leggero basato su GTK+2 è ancora disponibile e continua a ricevere miglioramenti da upstream e dal nostro mantenitore Mageia, sebbene la comunità abbia parzialmente spostato l’attenzione su LXQt.<br />
<br />
LXDE può essere installato dalla ISO del DVD classico (installer tradizionale).<br />
<br />
==== Xfce ====<br />
<br />
[https://www.xfce.org/about/tour416 Xfce 4.16] è la versione disponibile in Mageia 8.<br />
<br />
Xfce ha DVD Live a 32 e 64-bit dedicati, e può anche essere installato dalla ISO del DVD Classico (installer tradizionale).<br />
<br />
==== LXQt ====<br />
<br />
LXQt 0.16.0 è la versione disponibile in Mageia 8.<br />
<br />
LXQt non può essere installato out of the box dalla ISO del DVD classico (installer tradizionale) a causa delle limitazioni di spazio sulle ISO.<br />
Media online devono essere aggiunti per attivare maggiori opzioni durante l’installazione iniziale – questo è spiegato nella [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/software.html#add_supplemental_media documentazione dell’installer].<br />
{{Pkg| picom}} sostituisce {{Pkg| compton}} come compositore per la trasparenza in combinazione con openbox - [[Mageia_8_Errata#LXQt| potrebbero essere necessarie modifiche manuali]].<br />
<br />
==== MATE ====<br />
<br />
MATE 1.24.2 è la versione disponibile in Mageia 8.<br />
<br />
Mate può essere installato dalla ISO del DVD Classico (installer tradizionale). A causa di limitazioni di spazio sul DVD, alcune applicazioni come mate-screenshot (applicazione di cattura schermate) non sono state incluse nella ISO del DVD Classico. Per un’esperienza completa del desktop MATE, si consiglia di installare il pacchetto {{pkg|task-mate}} dopo l’installazione iniziale.<br />
<br />
==== Cinnamon ==== <br />
<br />
Cinnamon 4.8.3 è la versione disponibile in Mageia 8.<br />
<br />
Cinnamon può essere installato dalla ISO del DVD Classico (installer tradizionale).<br />
<br />
==== Enlightenment ====<br />
<br />
Il pacchetto task di Englightment installa E24.2 e le Enlightment Foundation Libraries (EFL) 1.25.1 – ciò include i pacchetti Elementary, Evas-generic-loaders ed Evas-generic-players. Tra le novità di questa versione spiccano il supporto per Bluez5, uno strumento di cattura delle schermate migliorato, un modulo di controllo della musica più flessibile, il monitor di sistema Evisium, l’agente di autenticazione Polkit-EFL (ora integrato), e una configurazione separata per le applicazioni da caricare al riavvio di E. Per maggiori dettagli su questa versione, si rimanda a https://www.enlightenment.org/news/e24.2.<br />
<br />
Naturalmente, Mageia include Econnman UI per il manager di connessioni connman, assieme a tre applicazioni basate se EFL: l’avanzato emulatore di terminale Terminology, il reattivo visualizzatore di immagini Ephoto, e il lettore video leggero Rage. Come per il precedente rilascio, anche Mageia 8 offre un tema in stile Mageia di default.<br />
<br />
Per chi è nuovo o ritorna ad E, le applicazioni di avvio e i processi (come l’Applet di Mageia Online per le notifiche di aggiornamento) non vengono prese automaticamente da {{folder|/etc/xdg/autostart}}, ma sono attivate all’avvio andando in {{menu|Menu principale > Impostazioni > Applicazioni > Applicazioni d’avvio}} e aggiungendo le applicazioni e i processi desiderati. Le applicazioni che si intende (solamente) caricare al riavvio del DE sono gestite separatamente da una lista disponibile attraverso {{menu|Menu principale > Impostazioni > Applicazioni > Applicazioni al riavvio}}.<br />
<br />
Il vassoio di sistema di Enlightenment, che utilizza notifiche SNI appindicator, è un modulo separato che dev’essere caricato ({{menu|Menu principale > Impostazioni > Moduli}}) e aggiunto ad un pannello (shelf), nel quale l’Applet di Mageia Online e Netapplet saranno mostrate (se abilitate) assieme ad altre. Le applicazioni gtk con appindicators (ad esempio il plugin Ubuntu indicator per Pidgin) ora mostrano le loro icone in maniera corretta.<br />
<br />
Al momento, vi sono due problemi noti. Il primo: Mageia abilita systemd-networkd di default per gestire la rete. Chi preferisse usare connman con l’interfaccia Econnman potrebbe riscontrare come non sempre funzioni (dopo aver disabilitato systemd-networkd e abilitato connman.service), probabilmente a causa della configurazioni di default di wpa_supplicant. (Esiste un gadget wireless a parte, di recente sviluppo, per gestire multipli backend di rete, ma che non è ancora incluso nei repositories di Mageia). Il secondo problema: il riavvio di E a volte porta ad un avviso riguardo la cache di Efreet che non può essere aggiornata. In generale, ciò può essere ignorato in quanto è dovuto a un time-out che risulta troppo breve per alcuni sistemi.<br />
<br />
==== Gestori di finestre leggeri ====<br />
<br />
Puoi rendere la tua installazione di Mageia 8 ancora più leggera grazie ai numerosi gestori di finestre leggeri ed efficienti disponibili. Vi sono fterstep, awesome, dwm, fluxbox, fvwm2, fvwm-crystal, i3, icewm, jwm, matchbox, openbox, pekwm, sugar, swm, e windowmaker. Dopo l'installazione, compariranno nel menu di login del tuo display manager.<br />
<br />
===== IceWM =====<br />
<br />
IceWM è installato di default come desktop environment di backup, anche se si è scelto Plasma o GNOME nell'installer. È anche presente in tutte le ISO Live.<br />
<br />
Per avviarlo, seleziona "icewm-session" nel menu di login del tuo display manager.<br />
<br />
=== Applicazioni per l'ufficio ===<br />
<br />
LibreOffice è stato aggiornato alla versione 7.0.4.2. Si rimanda alle [https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/7.0 note di rilascio ufficiali] per i dettagli.<br />
<br />
=== Applicazioni di internet ===<br />
<br />
'''Iceape''' non è più supportato, in quanto Seamonkey non è stato ancora portato a python 3. Nota: il contenuto va esportato '''prima''' di aggiornare Mageia! Per una guida, si rimanda a {{bug|26593#c14}} e alla ricerca online.<br />
<br />
=== Applicazioni multimediali ===<br />
<br />
Dato che l'ultimo brevetto è scaduto ad Aprile 2017, la codifica mp3 è ora disponibile nei media core. I media tainted sono ancora necessari per la codifica di H.264, H.265/HEVC e AAC.<br />
<br />
=== Editors ===<br />
<br />
* Vim è stato aggiornato alla versione 8.2.1522<br />
* NeoVim 0.4.4. è incluso<br />
<br />
=== Giochi ===<br />
<br />
Nella comunità di Mageia, il nostro amore per il software libero si estende ai giochi open source. Molto impegno è stato profuso durante il ciclo di rilascio di Mageia 8 per pacchettizzare molti nuovi giochi, rendendo Mageia 8 un'ottima piattaforma sia per i giocatori hardcore che per quelli occasionali. Puoi dare un'occhiata a Mageia App DB per una lista di [http://mageia.madb.org/package/comparison/release/7/withrelease/8/group/78%2C20%2C64%2C10%2C30%2C46%2C109%2C138%2C74%2C1 tutti i nuovi giochi e di quelli aggiornati in Mageia 8]. Questa sezione fornisce solamente esempi selezionati per ogni categoria.<br />
<br />
=== Educazione ===<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 fornisce gcompris-qt 1.0, il quale introduce nuove attività. [https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/new-unified-graphics-for-gcompris Nel febbraio 2015, abbiamo contribuito con una donazione] per migliorare l'interfaccia grafica di questo importante progetto.<br />
<br />
=== Sviluppo software ===<br />
<br />
==== Compilatori e strumenti ====<br />
<br />
Glibc è stato aggiornato alla versione 2.32.<br />
<br />
GCC è stato aggiornato alla versione 10.2, GDB alla versione 10.1 e valgrind alla versione 3.16.1.<br />
<br />
LLVM è stato aggiornato alla versione 11.0.1.<br />
<br />
Firebird è stato aggiornato alla versione 3.0.7<br />
<br />
IPhython è stato aggiornato alla versione 7.19<br />
<br />
La maggior parte delle librerie sono state aggiornate alle recenti versioni stabili (con supporto a lungo termine quando disponibile), come Qt 5.15.2 e GTK+ 3.24.24.<br />
GTK4 è disponibile alla versione 4.1.0<br />
Tcl/Tk è disponibile alla versione 8.6.10<br />
<br />
Ocaml è stato aggiornato alla versione 4.10<br />
<br />
Java è stato aggiornato alla versione 11, con java 8 ancora disponibile ma non installato di default.<br />
<br />
Mono è stato aggiornato alla versione 6.10.<br />
<br />
MinGW è stato aggiornato.<br />
<br />
==== Virtualizzazione ====<br />
<br />
QEmu è stato aggiornato alla versione 5.2.<br />
<br />
libvirt è stato aggiornato alla versione 7.0, virt-manager alla 3.2.0, libguestfs alla 1.44.<br />
<br />
Xen è disponibile alla versione 4.14.<br />
<br />
===== VirtualBox =====<br />
<br />
Virtualbox è disponibile alla versione 6.1.18.<br />
<br />
Nota: nella serie 6.1, VirtualBox supporta solamente host x86_64. '''Un host 32 bit esistente [[#With_removal_on_upgrade|verrà rimosso]]!'''<br />
<br />
==== Linguaggi di programmazione ====<br />
<br />
Python 3 è stato aggiornato alla versione 3.8.7.<br />
Pyhton 2 sarà progressivamente ritirato (la maggior parte dei moduli python2 sono già stati timossi).<br />
<br />
Perl è stato aggiornato alla versione 5.32.1.<br />
<br />
Ruby è stato aggiornato alla versione 2.7.2.<br />
<br />
Rust è disponibile alla versione 1.49.0. Sarà aggiornato durante il periodo di supporto di Mageia 8 per seguirne i nuovi sviluppi.<br />
<br />
PHP è stato aggiornato alla versione 8.0.2, fornendo così ulteriori miglioramenti nelle prestazioni.<br />
<br />
=== Applicazioni server ===<br />
<br />
==== Nginx ====<br />
<br />
Nuove installazioni del server http nginx utilizzano l'utente "apache": i web servers in Mageia utilizzano l'utente "apache" creato dal pacchetto {{pkg|webserver-base}} (dal quale dipendono). Questo pacchetto non utilizza più un utente "nginx", risolvendo {{bug|26183}}.<br />
<br />
==== Nextcloud ====<br />
<br />
Al rilascio, Mageia 8 non avrà un server Nextcloud pacchettizzato, in quanto la versione 21 – la prima a supportare PHP8 – non è stata ancora rilasciata.<br />
<br />
Guardando i lati positivi, forniamo due percorsi di installazioni:<br />
* Nextcloud 21 verrà introdotto nel repository backports di Mageia 8.<br />
* In fondo alla pagina wiki di [[Nextcloud]] puoi trovare un link con le istruzioni per l'installaizone manuale.<br />
<br />
{{warning-it|Versioni di Nextcloud precedenti alla 21 non funzioneranno in Mageia 8 a causa dell'abbandono di PHP7.}}<br />
<br />
Mageia 7 è stata rilasciata con Nextcloud 15 nel repository {{media|core release}}. L'installazione di Nextcloud non deve saltare una versione! Per questo motivo, *prima* di aggiornare a Mageia 8, bisogna aggiornare Nextcloud alla versione 16, poi 17, poi 18, 19, e infine 20. Puoi trovare queste versioni in Mageia 7 nel repository {{media|backports}}. Per ogni aggiornamento, controlla di avere le applicazioni aggiornate (sono aggiornate attraverso l'interfaccia di Nextcloud), ed è consigliato disattivarne o disintallarne qualcuna prima di ogni aggiornamento, per poi riavviarle al termine di ognuno, assicurandosi che Nextcloud funzioni con tutte le applicazioni attive dopo ogni aggiornamento, controllando i logs. Prima di iniziare questo processo, è buona idea fare una copia di backup. Inoltre, dai un'occhiata agli aggiornamenti riguardo queste istruzioni su [[Nextcloud]].<br />
<br />
== Aggiornare da Mageia 7 ==<br />
<br />
L'aggiornamento da Mageia 7 è supportato, ed è stato messo a punto nel corso di questi mesi.<br />
<br />
{{note-it|Si legga anche l'errata di Mageia 8 [[Mageia_8_Errata#Upgrade_issues|"Problemi di aggiornamento"]].}}<br />
<br />
'''Preparazione'''<br />
* Effettua il back-up dei dati importanti<br />
* Effettua un aggiornamento di tutto il sistema (soprattutto di rpm e urpmi)<br />
* Un '''sistema 64 bit''' deve avere per prima cosa ogni '''libreria di sviluppo a 32 bit disinstallata'''. Puoi identificare queste librerie dalla parola "devel" nel nome. Per sapere se il tuo sistema ospita queste librerie, puoi usare il comando:<br />
:{{cmd|<nowiki>rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{version}-%{RELEASE}-%{ARCH}\n" |grep i586 |grep devel</nowiki>}}<br />
* Se '''repositories di terze parti''' come quello di Google sono stati aggiunti durante l'utilizzo di Mageia 7, assicurati di effettuare un back-up / una copia del file {{file|urpmi.cfg}} che si trova nella cartella {{folder|/etc/urpmi}}.<br />
* È buona idea liberare dello spazio, specialmente disintallando vecchi kernel.<br />
<br />
<span style="color:red">'''Non supportato'''<br />
* Aggiornare direttamente da Mageia 6 (o versioni precedenti).<br />
* Utilizzare una delle immagini Live – in quanto l'immagine Live viene copiata "così com'è" sul sistema prescelto.<br />
* Aggiornare un'installazione di Mageia '''NON''' UEFI ad una modalità UEFI in Mageia 8.<br />
- In questi casi, è necessario effettuare una nuova installazione (eventualmente mantenendo la cartella {{folder|/home}}).<br />
<br />
=== Aggiornare via internet ===<br />
<br />
L'applet di notifica Mageia Update, Mageia Online, '''avviserà''' che un nuovo rilascio di Mageia è disponibile, e chiederà se si desidera aggiornare. Se si accetta, l'aggiornamento verrà effettuato dall'installazione di Mageia in uso senza alcun ulteriore passo necessario.<br/><br />
<br />
Se l'applet è disattivata, oppure se per qualche motivo non si avvia automaticamente, è possibile aggiornare manualmente attraverso l'interfaccia grafica ({{cmd|mgaonline}}) oppure da riga di comando ({{cmd|urpmi}}/{{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}). Entrambi i metodi sono descritti qui sotto.<br />
<br />
Aggiorna completamente il sistema e controlla di avere spazio a sufficienza prima di avviare l'aggiornamento. Almeno 2 GB, in base alla configurazione – si vedano le Note e il metodo sicuro nella sezione [[#Upgrading_online.2C_using_urpmi_.28CLI.29|Aggiornare online utilizzando urpmi (CLI)]] qui sotto.<br />
<br />
{{note-it|Una connessione via ethernet è preferibile, specialmente quando si utilizzano driver wlan nonfree.}}<br />
<br />
==== Aggiornare online, utilizzando mgaonline (GUI) ====<br />
<br />
# Assicurarsi di disabilitare il blocco dello schermo<br />
# Utilizzare l'icona di Mageia Online nel vassoio di sistema per avviare l'aggiornamento<br />
<br />
'''- Se l'opzione per aggiornare non è disponibile'''<br />
* Nel Centro di Controllo Mageia – Gestione Software – Configura Frequenza Aggiornamenti, assicurarsi che l'opzione [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/software-management.html#mgaapplet-config "Controlla nuovi rilasci"] sia selezionata.<br />
* Cerca la cartella nascosta {{Folder|.MgaOnline}} all'interno della propria cartella home. Se è presente un file {{file|mgaonline}} in quella cartella, eliminarlo.<br />
<br />
Dopo un riavvio, al prossimo controllo l'icona blu di aggiornamento dovrebbe apparire. - Se Mageia 7 non è più supportata, l'icona sarà arancione e mostrerà un pop-up di avviso a riguardo.<br />
<br />
Un'altra opzione è quella di avviare il processo di aggiornamento inserendo nel terminale:<br />
<br />
{{Console|<nowiki>su -c 'mgaapplet-upgrade-helper –new_distro_version=8'</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Verrà inviata una notifica della disponibilità di Mageia 8, le fonti di Mageia verranno configurate e la migrazione sarà avviata.<br />
<br />
==== Aggiornare online, utilizzando urpmi (CLI) ====<br />
<br />
Questo metodo è utile quando la partizione root è criptata, in quanto il sistema avviato avrà già decriptato la partizione.<br />
<br />
Ci sono diversi modi per ottenere un'interfaccia a linea di comando (CLI).<br />
<br />
Il metodo migliore per effettuare un aggiornamento è utilizzando run-level 3, in modo che il server X e l'ambiente grafico non siano in esecuzione.<br />
<br />
Per questo motivo, l'aggiornamento dovrebbe essere più pulito utilizzando run-level 3 piuttosto che un emulatore di terminale, in quanto vi sono meno programmi in esecuzione che potrebbero interferire con l'aggiornamento.<br />
<br />
Se dnf è installato, è necessario interrompere il timer dnf makecache, il quale provoca un crash di urpmi quando eseguito durante l'aggiornamento. I comandi sono elencati qui sotto. Si veda {{bug|25072}}.<br />
<br />
Run-level 3 può essere invocato aggiungendo "3" alla linea di comando del kernel modificandola all'avvio e ottenendo un prompt di login. Un'altra opzione è quella di utilizzare il comando:<br />
{{cmd|systemctl isolate multi-user.target}}<br />
<br />
È consigliato avviare "script upgrade_log.txt" prima di lanciare il prossimo comando per catturare i messaggi di aggiornamento nell'eventualità di qualche errore. I messaggi verrano scritti nel file {{file|upgrade_log.txt}}. Utilizza "exit" per chiudere lo "script".<br />
<br />
L'elenco generale dei passaggi per l'aggiornamento è:<br />
<br />
* Diventa root nel terminale<br />
{{user to root|_}}<br />
{{warning-it|Da questo momento tutti i comandi sono eseguiti come root}}<br />
* Come raccomandato in precedenza, assicurati che il sistema sia aggiornato<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto –force}}<br />
* Disabilita dnf makecache (questo passaggio può essere saltato se dnf non è installato)<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.service}}<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.timer && systemctl daemon-reload}}<br />
* Rimuovi tutte le fonti media esistenti dal sistema eseguendo questo comando:<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}}<br />
* Aggiungi le fonti online di Mageia 8, a scelta:<br />
** Utilizzando il metodo MIRRORLIST (che selezionerà automaticamente un mirror in base alla posizione geografica):<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib –mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.8.$ARCH.list'}}<br />
*:(urpmi modifica automaticamente $ARCH)<br />
** Utilizzando un media da un mirror specifico:<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib <mirror_url>}}<br />
* Puoi ottenere il mirror_url utilizzando l'[http://mirrors.mageia.org/distrib applicazione web mirror Mageia].<br />
* Infine, avvia l'aggiornamento:<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto –force}}<br />
* È consigliato inviare il comando due volte, in quanto al primo avvio alcuni pacchetti potrebbero essere scaricati ma non installati.<br />
<br />
{{note-it|Quando si ha abbastanza spazio libero, è buona idea simulare un aggiornamento prima di avviarlo definitivamente. <br><br />
Con questo comando: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all –test}} tutti i pacchetti verranno scaricati e il comando 'upgrade' è solamente una simulazione. Questo processo richiede molto spazio libero prima dell'avvio – più di 2GB di spazio libero nella partizione {{folder|/var}} ( {{folder|/}} se {{folder|/var}} non è disponibile). (Se vi sono diversi desktop installati e molti programmi, potrebbe essere necessario ulteriore spazio – se il sistema ha solo un desktop leggero, meno spazio sarà richiesto). Se si ha spazio su un'altra partizione, è possibile specificare la destinazione dei file scaricati aggiungendo un percorso che indirizzi a questa partizione dopo la chiave {{cmd|--download-all}}.<br><br />
Se il risultato è positivo, ripristinare i repositories di Mageia 7 con {{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}} e {{cmd|<nowiki>urpmi.addmedia --distrib –mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.7.$ARCH.list'</nowiki>}} come sopra, e svuotare la cache attraverso {{cmd|urpmi --clean}}.}}<br />
<br />
==== Aggiornare online, utilizzando DNF (CLI) ====<br />
<br />
Se si utilizza (o si intende utilizzare) DNF per la gestione del software (configurato correttamente secondo la pagina wiki [[Using DNF|sull'utilizzo di DNF]]), si può aggiornare Mageia in pochi passaggi. Si tenga presente che tutti i comandi devono essere inviati da root.<br />
<br />
# Assicurati di avere un sistema aggiornato: {{cmd|dnf --refresh upgrade}}<br />
# Installa il plugin system-upgrade: {{cmd|dnf install 'dnf-command(system-upgrade)'}}<br />
# Avvialo: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade --releasever 8 download --allowerasing}}.<br />
## Si verrà avvisati prima dell'effettivo scaricamento dei pacchetti, con informazioni sullo spazio necessario. Se non hai lo spazio indicato e un paio di centinaia di MB aggiuntivi nella partizione {{folder|/var}} ''(se {{folder|/var}} non è separata ma inclusa nella partizione {{folder|/}}, aggiungere un ulteriore paio di centinaia di MB)'', allora è necessario creare spazio o aggiungere l'opzione {{cmd|--downloaddir percorso_alla_cartella_con_spazio_sufficiente}} a questo e al successivo comando di system-upgrade. Inoltre, se hai una partizione {{folder|/boot}} separata, assicurati che abbia spazio a sufficienza per aggiungere [[Mageia_8_Errata#Upgrade_using_DNF|due]] kernel. Assicurati infine che {{folder|/}} abbia spazio a sufficienza per i nuovi programmi.<br />
## Una volta accertato questo, confermare e avviare il download. Verrà eseguito un testi di transizione.<br />
# Se il download e la transizione sono completate senza errori,<br />
## Salvare il lavoro e chiudere le applicazioni!<br />
## Avviare l'aggiornamento: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade reboot}} <span style="color:red">'''/!\ NOTA:''' '' Questo riavvierà immediatamente il sistema! '' '''/!\''' </span><br />
<br />
''Ora prenditi qualcosa da bere mentre osservi le bolle della nostra schermata di boot – e sopra questa, i messaggi su ciò che sta avvenendo. Una volta completato l'aggiornamento, il sistema verrà riavviato e sarà possibile godersi la nuova installazione di Mageia.''<br />
<br />
=== Utilizzare il DVD tradizionale di Mageia 8 per aggiornare ===<br />
<br />
Puoi usare il DVD tradizionale (non Live) di Mageia 8 per effettuare nuove installazioni, ma anche per aggiornare da Mageia 7.<br />
<br />
Per aggiornare:<br />
<br />
* Scarica la ISO dalla [http://mageia.org/8/ pagina di download] di Mageia e masterizzala su un DVD, o trasferiscilo su chiavetta. Per maggiori dettagli, dai un'occhiata all'[[Installation_Media|Articolo sui media di installazione disponibili]].<br />
* Avvia il DVD e assicurati che sia avviato nella stessa modalità (legacy/BIOS o UEFI) di Mageia 7.<br />
* Seleziona "Installa Mageia 8" dal menu di GRUB (bootloader).<br />
* Seleziona l'opzione di [http://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/selectInstallClass.html upgrade]<br />
<br />
'''È consigliato configurare i repositories online durante l'aggiornamento, in quanto il DVD include solamente una parte del set completo dei repositories online di Mageia'''.<br />
Questo aspetto è particolarmente importante se si utilizzano pacchetti 32-bit essenziali in un'installazione a 64-bit, in quanto la ISO a 64-bit contiene solamente pacchetti 64-bit, ed è dunque probabile che l'aggiornamento fallisca se non si aggiungono repositories online.<br />
<br />
Inoltre, è possibile che una particolare installazione di Mageia 7 abbia ricevuto un aggiornamento a una versione del software più recente di quella disponibile nella ISO. Quando ciò accade, l'aggiornamento potrebbe non essere completato. Al momento in cui le ISO sono testate, è impossibile anticipare quali pacchetti di Mageia 7 possano venire aggiornati in futuro, per questo motivo gli aggiornamenti offline (ad esempio aggiornamenti senza la configurazione di repositories online) non sono supportati.<br />
<br />
Al primo riavvio, utilizzare il comando '{{cmd|urpmi –auto-update}}' per [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5687 assicurarsi] che tutti i pacchetti siano stati aggiornati.<br />
<br />
==== Aggiornare un'installazione criptata ====<br />
<br />
Per prima cosa, sul sistema avviato di Mageia 7:<br />
<br />
* Rimuovi i kernel superflui e i programmi ingombranti di cui non hai bisogno.<br />
* Effettua un aggiornamento completo.<br />
* Prendi nota di quali media sono in uso, e quali sono stati utilizzati (C'è qualche Tainted abilitato? Se è un sistema a 64-bit, vi sono media 32-bit abilitati?).<br />
* Prendi nota di quali partizioni sono utilizzate, e i rispettivi punti di montaggio.<br />
<br />
Poi, prepara e avvia l'installer tradizionale come descritto sopra, e:<br />
<br />
* Seleziona installa, seleziona la lingua, accetta la licenza, seleziona la regione, seleziona la tastiera, partizionamento personalizzato<br />
* Clicca sulle partizioni criptate, seleziona ''Utilizza'' e inserisci la chiave.<br />
* Se si tratta di LVM, apparirà una nuova scheda contenente le partizioni LV.<br />
* Assegnare i punti di montaggio per tutte le partizioni necessarie ad eccezione di "swap" (come le note di cui sopra, o se riconosciute dal nome, dalle dimensioni e dal tipo. Non dimenticarti di {{folder|/boot}} fuori dalla partizione LVM criptata!)<br />
* IMPORTANTE: Dopo aver cliccato ''Avanti'', assicurati di deselezionare l'opzione per formattare tutte le partizioni! Oppure, se desideri un nuovo sistema ma vuoi tenere i dati utente: formatta {{folder|/boot}}, {{folder|/}} e ogni {{folder|/usr}} {{folder|/tmp}} ecc. presente, ma NON {{folder|/home}}.<br />
* Dovresti abilitare tutti i repositories dei media (utilizzando le note di cui sopra) corrispondenti a quelli utilizzati nella precedente installazione di Mageia – ad eccezione di backports.<br />
* Come per un'installazione non criptata, si raccomanda di configurare i repositories online, inclusi i relativi repositories di aggiornamento.<br />
<br />
== Problemi noti ==<br />
<br />
=== Intervento dell'utente necessario ===<br />
''Interventi dell'utente che non sono già descritti su questa pagina o nelle Errata.''<br />
<br />
==== VeraCtypt ====<br />
<br />
Dopo l’aggiornamento a Mageia 8, VeraCrypt non funziona con sudo come prima. {{Bug|28001}}<br />
<br />
A partire da [https://github.com/veracrypt/VeraCrypt/releases/tag/VeraCrypt_1.24-Update2 veracrypt-1.24u2] è necessario inserire lo switch della linea di comando '--use-dummy-sudo-password' all’avvio di VeraCrypt per avere la vecchia funzionalità con sudo. Dai un’occhiata al forum di [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1906246#p1906246 Arch Linux].<br />
<br />
=== Bugs ===<br />
<br />
Si rimanda alla [[Mageia_8_Errata|Pagina di errata]].<br />
<br />
==== Riportare bug ====<br />
<br />
Abbiamo un [https://bugs.mageia.org/ bug tracker]. Prima di riportare un bug, si prega di leggere la pagina [[Mageia_8_Errata| Errata]] e di cercare all’interno del bug tracker per vedere se il problema è già stato riportato. - Se così fosse, forse puoi aggiungere informazioni importanti, o aiutare a testare l’aggiornamento proposto. Per contribuire è necessario un account Mageia, che può essere creato alla pagina https://identity.mageia.org/. Se non sai come fare, guarda [[Bugzilla#How-to_report_a_bug| come riportare un bug]].<br />
<br />
Sei inoltre il benvenuto nel nostro [https://forums.mageia.org Forum]. Per la fase di sviluppo visita la sezione ''Testing: Alpha, Beta, RC and Cauldron''.<br />
<br />
== Pacchetti rimossi dalla distribuzione ==<br />
<br />
==== Senza rimozione durante l'aggiornamento ====<br />
<br />
I seguenti pacchetti sono stati rimossi dalla distribuzione. Non saranno toccati dal processo di aggiornamento, dovrebbero continuare a funzionare, ma non riceveranno ulteriore supporto se non dovessero operare correttamente. Inoltre, non verranno aggiornati: ciò significa che probabilmente diventeranno obsoleti con l'uscita di nuove versioni, nonché potenzialmente esposti a problemi di sicurezza. È consigliato passare a una versione upstream, ma si tratta di una scelta personale.<br />
<br />
La categoria contiene i seguenti pacchetti:<br />
* GLPI e le estensioni precedentemente pacchettizzate<br />
* galette<br />
* Nextcloud ([[#Nextcloud|temporaneamente]])<br />
<br />
=== Con rimozione durante l'aggiornamento ===<br />
<br />
I seguenti pacchetti sono stati rimossi dalla distribuzione e segnati come obsoleti nel pacchetto task-obsolete: verranno rimossi durante il processo di aggiornamento.<br />
<br />
La categoria contiene i seguenti pacchetti, in ordine alfabetico:<br />
<br />
* [[#Internet_apps|Iceape]]<br />
* kde-rootactions-servicemenu è rimosso in quanto non più mantenuto upstream e presenta problemi.<br />
* I pacchetti dei driver [[#Proprietary_NVIDIA_driver|nvidia340]]<br />
* PlayOnLinux, in quanto non portato a Python3 upstream. Consigliamo di utilizzare Lutris e Steam<br />
* Host 32-bit di [[#VirtualBox|VirtualBox]]<br />
* youtube-dl-gui (Python2). Alternative consigliate: [https://github.com/oleksis/youtube-dl-gui il port a Pyhton 3], o Tartube.</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Notas_sobre_Mageia_8&diff=51889Notas sobre Mageia 82021-05-18T23:21:46Z<p>Filip: Update doc links for mga8 (bug 28510)</p>
<hr />
<div><!-- '''This information is available in other languages''':<br /><br />
* [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]]<br />
<br />
disable this so it's not in release note of isos medias--><br />
{{multi language banner-es|[[Mageia 8 Veröffentlichungshinweise-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]] ; [[Notas_sobre_Mageia_8|Español]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notes_de_version-fr|Français]] ; ; [[Mageia 8 note di rilascio-it|Italiano]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notas_da_Versão_pt-PT|Portuguese (Portugal)]] }}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Introducción =<br />
<br />
Mageia es un Sistema Operativo Libre de la familia GNU/Linux que puede usarse, bien como sistema operativo principal, o bien como un sistema alternativo junto a otros instalados en su ordenador (''arranque dual''). Se trata de un proyecto comunitario apoyado por la organización sin fines de lucro Mageia.Org de contribuyentes electos. Mageia está desarrollado '' por '' y '' para '' su comunidad y es adecuado para todo tipo de usuarios, desde aquellos que recién comienzan con GNU/Linux hasta quienes son programadores experimentados o administradores de sistemas.<br />
<br />
La última versión estable del proyecto Mageia, Mageia 8, comenzó su desarrollo hace más de un año. Tendrá soporte con actualizaciones de seguridad y corrección de fallos durante 18 meses, hasta Octubre del 2022.<br />
<br />
== Medios de instalación disponibles ==<br />
<br />
Mageia cuenta con tres medios de instalación distintos:<br />
<br />
* Las '''ISOs Clásicas''' (DVD 32-bit, DVD 64-bit), que hacen uso del [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/index.html instalador tradicional DrakX]. Las versiones ISO DVD de 32-bit y 64-bit contienen todas las configuraciones regionales, una gran variedad de paquetes entre los cuales elegir (incluidos los entornos de escritorio con mayor integración) y '''todos los controladores no-libres'''. El uso de paquetes no libres puede ser deshabilitado durante la instalación. <br />
<br />
Recuerde que por decisión, el instalador clásico no utilizara controladores propietarios durante la instalación, así que necesitara conexión por cable Ethernet si desea utilizar los repositorios remotos durante la instalación.<br />
<br />
* '''ISOs de instalación por red''' (32 y 64 bit, en versiones free y nonfree), tienen un tamaño mínimo y solo contienen la [[#Stage_1|primer etapa del instalador]], la cual incluye el soporte de hardware necesario para arrancar, conectar a una red y descargar la etapa 2. Puede necesitar la versión para los controladores necesarios para algunas tarjetas inalambricas. De ahí en adelante se comporta como una imagen de instalación clásica con la excepción de que obtiene todo desde la red, ya sea desde Mageia o posiblemente algún repositorio local. ''Nota: Es una buena idea hacer una instalación mínima y posteriormente instalar el resto desde el sistema ya instalado - especialmente durante la etapa de desarrollo de Mageia (alpha, beta, RC) donde los paquetes y especialmente los archivos que los enlistan cambian con frecuencia. Nota: Estas imagenes no estan adaptadas para iniciar en EFI 32-bit .''<br />
<br />
* Las '''ISOs Live''', que pueden usarse para probar la distribución, permiten la instalación de Mageia en el disco duro<!--are an installation alternative to place Mageia on your hard drive.-->. Los DVDs Live vienen con los entornos de escritorio Plasma (64 bits), GNOME (64 bits) o Xfce (32 o 64 bits). Incluyen todas las configuraciones regionales compatibles y una preselección de software, convirtiéndolos en una vía rápida para empezar a trabajar con Mageia. Añadimos la opción de ''[[Metodos_de_instalaci%C3%B3n#Partici.C3.B3n_persistente_en_memorias_USBs|persistencia]]'' que permite crear una partición (que puede cifrarse) en un dispositivo de memoria USB para guardar las personalizaciones del sistema de modo que todavía estén allí después de reiniciar. '''Ahora podrá llevar Mageia y a sus archivos con usted!''' El modo persistente necesita ''menos'' RAM. Tip: Para optimizar las actualizaciones puede desinstalar paquetes, vea [[Removing packages#Persistent Live USB]] y más en esa pagina. También podrá [[Draklive2|¡Crear su propio Live!]]<br />
<br />
Todas las imágenes ISO pueden ser grabadas en un DVD o [[Metodos_de_instalación#Transferir_una_imagen_de_Mageia_a_una_memoria_USB|transferirse a un dispositivo de memoria USB]]. Tenga en cuenta los límites de tamaño de archivo y dispositivo, ya que, por ejemplo, una imagen ISO de 4 GB puede ser demasiado grande para algunas unidades USB 'nominalmente' de 4 GB, debido a que su capacidad real es ligeramente inferior al tamaño comercializado.<br />
<br />
Para más información vea nuestro [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/Select-and-use-ISOs.html instructivo acerca de los medios de instalación].<br />
<br />
En la [https://www.mageia.org/8/ página de descarga de Mageia 8] encontrará las distintas opciones disponibles: descarga directa (FTP y HTTP) y BitTorrent.<br />
<br />
== Los repositorios en línea de Mageia ==<br />
<br />
Los paquetes de software incluidos en Mageia se localizan en tres repositorios/medios diferentes de acuerdo al tipo de licencia al que estén sujetos. A continuación tiene una descripción general de estos repositorios:<br />
<br />
* '''Core''': El repositorio Core incluye paquetes con software libre y de código abierto licenciados bajo una licencia de este tipo. De forma predeterminada, los repositorios 'Core', 'Core Release' y 'Core Updates', están habilitados.<br />
* '''Nonfree''': El repositorio Nonfree incluye paquetes gratuitos y de libre distribución, pero de código cerrado (de ahí el nombre - Nonfree o NoLibre). Este repositorio incluye, por ejemplo, los controladores propietarios para las tarjetas de video NVIDIA y AMD/ATI, los firmware de varias tarjetas WiFi, etc.<br /><br />
El medio Nonfree está habilitado de forma predeterminada, pero puede desactivarse durante la instalación si así lo desea.<br />
* '''Tainted''': El repositorio Tainted incluye paquetes con licencia libre. El motivo principal por el que algunos paquetes se destinan a este repositorio es porque pueden infringir patentes y leyes de propiedad intelectual en algunos países, p. ej., codecs multimedia necesarios para reproducir varios archivos de audio/video, paquetes necesarios para reproducir un video DVD comercial, etc. El medio Tainted se incluye de forma predeterminada en Mageia pero '''no''' está habilitado. Es totalmente opcional hacerlo. Revise las disposiciones legales de su país antes de usar los paquetes de este repositorio.<br />
<br />
==== Repositorios 32 bit en sistemas 64 bit ====<br />
<br />
Por favor recuerde que '''en un sistema 64-bit''', los repositorios de '''32-bit están configurados, pero, por defecto, deshabilitados'''.<br />
Si se habilitan los repositorios Nonfree o Tainted de 64-bit, también deberían habilitarse los repositorios de 32-bit correspondientes (tanto en sus ramas Release como Update) porque algunos paquetes como {{prog|PlayOnLinux}} o {{prog|Steam}} lo requerirán. En el caso de que quiera instalar paquetes como PlayOnLinux o Steam, que tienen dependencias en los repositorios de 32-bit, asegúrese de tener habilitados, al menos, "Core 32bit Release" y "Core 32bit Updates". De igual forma para algunos casos las versiones 32 bit de los repositorios Nonfree o Tainted (ambos en sus variantes Release y Updates) pueden ser necesarios. Reglas básicas: No habilite un repositorio de 32 bit sin la versión de 64 bit correspondiente ya que (generalmente) las bibliotecas de 64-bits tienen preferencia en los sistemas de 64 bit, y una vez que un repositorio de 32 bit es utilizado, mantenga las variantes Release y Updates habilitadas para no entorpecer las actualizaciones.<br />
<br />
= Novedades destacadas =<br />
<br />
== Análisis de metadatos de paquetes más veloz ==<br />
<br />
Los metadatos en Urpmi están comprimidos con Zstd en lugar de Xz (con lo cual se consigue una lectura más veloz de los mismos).<br />
<br />
== Python2 está casi retirado ==<br />
<br />
La mayoría de software y módulos de python2 fueron eliminados.<br />
<br />
== Soporte ARM ==<br />
<br />
El port ARM (Advanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) Machine) = Avanzada Máquina RISC (Reducido Conjunto de Instrucciones de Computo)), recomenzado en días de Mageia 7, se ha mejorado.<br />
<br />
El núcleo está disponible para ARMv7 y AArch64. No dispone de un instalador tradicional por el momento y todavía está en un estadío experimental, pero la mayor parte de la distribución fue construida satisfactoriamente en ambas arquitecturas (vea nuestra [https://pkgsubmit.mageia.org/arm-status.html revisión del estado de ARM] para más información). El plan es proveer imágenes de instalación para los dispositivos ARM populares en los próximos meses. No existe una fecha definida para la llegada de dichas imagenes.<br />
<br />
Drakboot ahora tiene capacidades limitadas para configurar UEFI en AArch64.<br />
<br />
= Principales novedades =<br />
<br />
== Instalacion ==<br />
<br />
=== Stage 1 ===<br />
<br />
* El soporte de hardware fue ampliado para que el instalador pueda funcionar en los equipos más recientes y más tarjetas insalambricas.<br />
* El soporte para NFS se realiza utilizando herramientas del sistema en lugar de nuestro código bifurcado de NFS hace 15 años, obteniendo así soporte para NFSv4 y compañía...<br />
* Se soporta la carga del Stage2 en redes inalambricas con cifrado through WPA2 ({{bug|9541}}) (el cifrado WEP aun esta soportado).<br />
<br />
=== Stage 2 ===<br />
<br />
* Muchísimos fallos solucionados y mejoras en el particionador<br />
* La imagen Squashfs ahora está comprimida con Zstd en lugar de Xz logrando un inicio de sistema más rápido.<br />
* Soporte para sistemas de archivos:<br />
** Soporte para la instalación sobre F2FS (en modo experto)<br />
** Soporte Nilfs2 mejorado: ahora puede ser reformateado o redimensionado (pero todavía no es adecuado como sistema de archivos del sistema debido a características faltantes)<br />
** XFS puede ahora ser redimensionado aún sin estar sobre LVM (siempre y cuando la partición tenga espacio para ampliarse)<br />
** Los sistemas de archivos exFAT se muestran de la misma forma que los FAT y NTFS (pero exFAT no puede redimensionarse)<br />
** NTFS de Windows 10 ("[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms Compact OS]") ahora tiene soporte a través del [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms plugin ntfs-3g-system-compression] ({{bug|21737}})<br />
* La configuración del cargador de arranque es más segura: mantenemos el viejo grub.cfg hasta que upgrade-grub2 lo reemplace ({{bug|25542}})<br />
* Instalación mínima sobre LUKS es posible<br />
<br />
=== Recuperación ===<br />
<br />
El sistema de recuperación fue enriquecido:<br />
* La imagen Squashfs ahora está comprimida con Zstd en lugar de Xz logrando un inicio más rápido.<br />
* es capaz de reparar LVMs/LUKS cifrados ({{bug|22795}})<br />
<br />
=== ISOs Live ===<br />
<br />
* Diskdrake soporta ahora la adición de particiones a las ISOs Live transferidas a dispositivos de memoria USB ({{bug|25224}}).<br />
* Las ISOs Live ahora arrancan sin configurar X.Org, delegando esa función al modo automático de X.Org.<br />
* La partición persistente de una ISO Live transferida a memorias USB puede cifrarse ({{bug|25191}})<br />
* El instalador Live soporta configurar los repositorios e instalar actualizaciones<br />
<br />
=== Soporte de Hardware ===<br />
<br />
* ARM v7 y AArch64 ahora son arquitecturas primarias en las que se generan todos los paquetes.<br />
<br />
== Localización (l10n) / Internacionalización (i18n) ==<br />
<br />
=== Manuales ===<br />
<br />
* Los manuales para el instalador tradicional y para el Centro de Control Mageia fueron (parcialmente) traducidos en muchos más idiomas. Vea [http://www.mageia.org/doc/ nuestra documentación oficial].<br />
* El manual HTML muestra una captura de pantalla en inglés cuando no hay disponible una que corresponda a la configuración regional.<br />
* Los manuales en PDF y EPUB se generan cuando se dispone de más de la mitad de las capturas de pantalla necesarias para una determinada configuración regional.<br />
<br />
=== Traducción de Software ===<br />
<br />
Nuevas traducciones fueron añadidas y otras mejoradas.<br />
Gracias a nuestra dedicada comunidad de traductores por su trabajo.<br />
<br />
== Gestión de paquetes ==<br />
<br />
=== Nuevo RPM ===<br />
<br />
RPM fue actualizado a la versión 4.16.1.2.<br />
<br />
RPM 4.16 ofrece mejoras importantes, entre ellas:<br />
<br />
* Añade detección automática y optimización de unidades SSD (en Linux, desactivado por defecto)<br />
* Añade sincronización de los sistemas de ficheros al final de las transacciones (rhbz#1461765)<br />
* Añade función hash criptográfica SHA256 a los encabezados gpg-pubkey.<br />
* Añade soporte para meta dependencias (p. ej, Requires(meta): algún_paquete) que no afecta al orden de instalación/borrado (rhbz#1648721)<br />
* Añade soporte para generadores de macros paramétricas.<br />
* Retiro del soporte de RPM v3, visiblemente (#1007)<br />
* Operaciones más rápidas:<br />
** Optimiza varias operaciones a través de paralelización (hasta %_smp_build_ncpus)<br />
** Optimiza varias operaciones a través de la paralelización de hilos (hasta %_smp_build_nthreads, pero limitado a un máximo de 4 en plataformas de 32 bits)<br />
** Añade soporte para el procesamiento en paralelo en brp-strip<br />
** Priorización de paquetes grandes al escribir paquetes<br />
* Backends:<br />
** Desuso del backend de Berkeley DB<br />
** Añade una implementación independiente para el soporte BDB de sólo lectura (experimental)<br />
** Añade un nuevo backend de base de datos en SQLite (experimental)<br />
** Promueve NDB, sacándolo de su estado experimental<br />
<br />
Más información acerca de los cambios de RPM 4.14 (incluido en Mageia 7) a RPM 4.16 disponible en el sitio web de RPM:<br />
* RPM 4.16.1.2: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1.2<br />
* RPM 4.16.1: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1<br />
* RPM 4.16: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.0<br />
* RPM 4.15: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.15.0<br />
<br />
=== DNF: el gestor de paquetes alternativo ===<br />
<br />
DNF (Dandified Yum) fue introducido como una alternativa a urpmi desde Mageia 6.<br />
<br />
DNF es un software de nueva generación para resolver dependencias y una herramienta de empaquetado de alto nivel heredado de dos proyectos:<br />
El YUM de Fedora (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) y el SAT Solver (libsolv) de openSUSE. DNF fue bifurcado de YUM hace muchos años con el propósito de reescribirlo para usar la librería SAT Solver de openSUSE y reestructurar su código base de forma que una API estuviera disponible tanto para extender DNF (a través de complementos y hooks), como para crear aplicaciones por encima de ella (como frontends gráficos y frameworks de automatización del ciclo de vida del sistema).<br />
<br />
DNF viene con un reporte de fallas mejorado, rastreador avanzado de dependencias débiles, soporte para dependencias ricas (vea las notas de lanzamiento de RPM), y ofrece información más detallada mientras lleva a cabo las acciones.<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 viene con DNF v4.6.0.<br />
<br />
La actualización del sistema mediante DNF está soportada. Vea la [[#Mediante linea de comandos (DNF)|sección acerca de actualizar con DNF]] en las notas de lanzamiento para más información.<br />
<br />
Más información acerca de la modularidad: https://docs.pagure.org/modularity/<br />
<br />
Notas de lanzamiento de DNF: https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/release_notes.html<br />
<br />
Con una instalación desde 0 a través de los DVD de ISO Clásicos o Live, DNF se instalará en paralelo con urpmi. Dependiendo del método usado para actualizar a Mageia 8, puede ser necesario instalar el paquete {{Prog|dnf}} para que esté disponible.<br />
<br />
Para más información acerca de cómo usar DNF, consulte la página de wiki: [[Using DNF|Usando DNF]].<br />
<br />
=== AppStream ===<br />
<br />
Nuestros repositorios RPM-MD (MetaDatos RPM), usados por DNF y PackageKit, proveen metadatos AppStream. Herramientas como el Software de GNOME (Escritorio GNOME, empaquetado como {{Prog|gnome-software}}) y Plasma Discover (Escritorio Plasma KDE, empaquetado como {{Prog|discover}}), aprovechan los metadatos de AppStream para proporcionar una experiencia completa al buscar, identificar y administrar aplicaciones.<br />
<br />
AppStream es un esfuerzo multi-distribución para enriquecer los repositorios de software estandarizando los metadatos de los componentes de software. Esto habilita una vista centrada en la aplicación en los repositorios de paquetes y provee especificaciones de las cosas necesarias para crear centros de aplicaciones amigables al usuario.<br />
<br />
Consulte el sitio web de AppStream para más información: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Distributions/AppStream/<br />
<br />
=== perl-URPM y urpmi ===<br />
<br />
* Doc se beneficia de nuevas mejoras (p. ej.: [https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/URPM/URPM.pm URPM] - [https://metacpan.org/pod/urpm urpm] - CPAN)<br />
* [http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=urpmi urpmi]/[http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=URPM perl-URPM] soporta un abanico más amplio de versiones de rpm, desde la versión 4.9 hasta la última 4.16, perl desde la versión 5.8 hasta 5.32<br />
* Muchas fallas fueron reparadas<br />
* Urpmi soporta la opción --reinstall<br />
* Los Metadatos de urpmi se comprimen con Zstd en lugar de con Xz (mayor velocidad de procesamiento)<br />
* Por defecto los repositorios de 32-bit no están habilitados en sistemas 64-bit ({{bug|24376}})<br />
** excepto en sistemas con EFI de 32-bit, donde el repositorio Core 32-bit es necesario para el gestor de arranque<br />
* Al agregar medios Distrib, habilite los medios de 32 bits si es necesario ({{bug|24438}})<br />
<br />
== Herramientas ==<br />
<br />
=== Centro de Control Mageia ===<br />
<br />
=== Otros ===<br />
<br />
==== MageiaWelcome ====<br />
La pantalla de 'Bienvenida' es una aplicación que se presenta al usuario cuando inicia una instalación fresca de Mageia. Ahora ha sido rediseñada por completo desde un enfoque lineal, con pasos sucesivos en un orden lógico de las cosas importantes que debe saber y hacer después de la instalación. Por defecto, se ejecutará en cada arranque, pero este comportamiento es opcional. Incluso si la opción de ejecución automática está desactivada, puede invocarse en cualquier momento como una aplicación (mageiawelcome).<br />
<br />
MageiaWelcome utiliza Python y QML. Ahora usa las fuentes del entorno de escritorio y puede redimensionarse.<br />
<br />
==== Isodumper ====<br />
<br />
[[Grabando imágenes ISO en memorias USB con IsoDumper|Isodumper]] es una herramienta para grabar imágenes ISO en dispositivos de memoria. La rutina de comprobación posterior a la operación de escritura consulta ahora un archivo de sha3 sum y la firma correspondiente.<br><br><br />
Cuando se añada una partición ''persistente'' esta podrá cifrarse. Sólo las imágenes ISO de Mageia 8 y posteriores la reconocerán. Consulte [[Metodos_de_instalación#Partición persistente en memorias USB|esto]] para más información.<br />
<br />
==== Docker ====<br />
<br />
El ecosistema Docker (basado en la versión 19.03 del motor) fue ampliado con muchas herramientas adicionales como docker-compose (orquestadores con soporte v3), contenedores (runC controlado por demonio), docker-registry (compartición de imágenes), docker-machine (instalar docker en un sistema remoto) y python-docker (librerías de python 2 y 3 para la manipulación de la API del motor).<br />
<br />
==== Herramientas de LiveCD ====<br />
<br />
Con Mageia 8, las Herramientas de LiveCD han sido llevadas a la última versión (v27.0).<br />
<br />
Para más información acerca de cómo usar LiveCD Tools, consulte la página de wiki: [[Using the LiveCD Tools|Usando las Herramientas LiveCD]]<br />
<br />
==== draklive2 ====<br />
<br />
La herramienta usada para construir ISOs Live de la distribución fue revisada para hacerla más fácil de usar. Se proporcionan muchos ejemplos para ayudar a los usuarios a construir sus propias versiones personalizadas de ISOs Live. Ahora dispone de un modo GUI (con interfaz de usuario gráfica) basado en el instalador clásico de Mageia para permitir la selección de paquetes y configuraciones regionales.<br />
<br />
Para más información, visite la página del wiki: [[draklive2]]<br />
<br />
==== PCMemTest ====<br />
<br />
Es una bifurcación y reescritura de la utilidad de comprobación de memoria Memtest86+. A diferencia de Memtest86+, PCMemTest puede utilizarse en sistemas UEFI y BIOS (con la limitación de que en sistemas UEFI, el teclado solo funcionara si se activa la opción CSM). PCMemTest reemplaza a Memtest86+ en todas las imágenes ISO de Mageia. También puede instalarse en el sistema del usuario, agregándose automáticamente al menu de arranque.<br />
<br />
== Sistema base ==<br />
<br />
=== Kernel y soporte de hardware ===<br />
<br />
* Mageia 8 viene con el kernel 5.10.16.<br />
Todo el hardware gestionado por esta versión del kernel está disponible. El kernel proporciona mejores gráficos con Mesa 20.3.4. <br />
* Se incluyen otros 'sabores' del kernel, particularmente, kernel-linus (kernel vanilla sin ningún conjunto de parches extra). Consulte la página de wiki [[Kernel flavours]] para más información.<br />
* Los planificadores de E/S Single-queue (Fila simple) fueron retirados desde el kernel 5.0 . Si requiere utilizar la utilidad ionice, considere instalar el nuevo paquete {{pkg|ionice-scheduler}} que habilita el planificador BFQ para los discos mecánicos.<br />
* cpupower y powersave <BR><br />
Hay algunos cambios al respecto desde la versión 5.8. Si utilizaba intel_pstate (para cpus Intel Sandy Bridge y posteriores), se ha cambiado el comportamiento predeterminado en CPUs que no cuentan con soporte para P-states manejados por hardware (HWP), y necesitara añadir el parámetro ''intel_pstate=active'' a las opciones del kernel para restaurar el comportamiento previo en caso de que note una disminución del rendimiento. (vea el reporte {{bug|27191}}).<br />
<br />
=== Controladores Gráficos ===<br />
<br />
Mesa se ha actualizado a la versión 20.3.4.<br />
<br />
Los controladores gráficos ahora utiliza una complementación libGL neutral al proveedor (coloquialmente llamada "glvnd": GL Vendor Neutral Dispatch) la cual fue desarrollada para solucionar diversos problemas con el soporte OpenGL en los sistemas Linux modernos. <br />
* Los usuarios tendrán la posibilidad de instalar Mesa y controladores GL de terceros en paralelo.<br />
* Esto habilita desempeño y funcionalidades adicionales para configuraciones con GPU hibridas. <br />
<br />
==== Sistema de ventanas X (X11) ====<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 llega con X.Org 1.20.10.<br />
<br />
==== Controladores de video AMD ====<br />
* Mageia 8 usa los controladores de video libres para las tarjetas de video AMD/ATI, AMDGPU para las tarjetas más nuevas y Radeon para las más antiguas. Los controladores libres también usan el actual Mesa 20.0, incluido en Mageia 8. En comparación con Mageia 7, se incrementó el soporte de hardware y existe una mejora en el rendimiento.<br />
* El controlador propietario AMDGPU-PRO sólo funciona actualmente con X.org 1.1xx, por lo que no puede ser usado en Mageia 8.<br />
* En el caso de una tarjeta híbrida, la solución expuesta para el [[#Optimus laptops|controlador nouveau]] y el pre-comando DRI_PRIME=n también funciona, al menos para el controlador radeon.<br />
<br />
==== Controladores NVIDIA ====<br />
* Se proporciona la actual versión del controlador libre Nouveau. En comparación con Mageia 7, se incrementó el soporte de hardware y las prestaciones.<br />
* El paquete para el último controlador propietario NVIDIA (NVIDIA-current esta en la versión 455.45.01 al momento de escribir esto) y todos los controladores propietarios NVIDIA se encuentran en los repositorios nonfree. <br />
<br />
====== Controlador Propietario NVIDIA ======<br />
* Para las tarjetas más recientes desde la serie R460 con el controlador {{pkg|nvidia-current}} (solo en 64 bits)<br />
<br />
* Para tarjetas de vídeo antiguas, los controladores propietarios para la serie R390 "{{pkg|nvidia390}}", desafortunadamente hemos tenido que retirar el controlador para las series R340 debido a problemas de seguridad en el binario de NVIDIA. Varias tarjetas están soportadas por el controlador para las series R390.<br />
<br />
===== Laptops Optimus =====<br />
Algunas portátiles actuales tienen "Graficas Híbridas", o sea que tienen dos tarjetas graficas: una es usualmente la "interna" (o "integrada") a la CPU, se le llama IGP (Procesador Grafico Integrado), y la otra es la "dedicada", externa al CPU, es llamada "discreta" (DGP, Procesador Grafico Discreto/Dedicado). Las tarjetas graficas internas usualmente son menos potentes (pero consume menos energía) que la discreta.<br />
<br />
Los propietarios de portátiles [https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia_Optimus NVIDIA Optimus] (procesador de gráficos Intel integrado y GPU NVIDIA discreta, o un procesador grafico AMD/ATI y una GPU NVIDIA discreta)) ahora tienen tres formas de beneficiarse de la potencia de su GPU discreta:<br />
<br />
* El controlador Nouveau gratuito admite el offloading de PRIME GPU y se puede usar con la variable DRI_PRIME = 1 (siempre que no se use el controlador NVIDIA patentado, por ejemplo, mageia-prime). Consulte la [https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/Optimus/ documentación de Nouveau] para obtener más información sobre cómo configurar Xorg para usar NVIDIA Prime con DRI3.<br />
* Como en Mageia 7, el paquete [[Bumblebee]] puede usarse para puentear el monitor al GPU NVIDIA, permitiendo acceder a su potencia de procesamiento aunque con algo de sobrecarga.<br />
* Se puede utilizar una nueva herramienta, compatible con kernels Linux y servidores Xorg recientes, llamada [[Mageia-prime para Optimus|mageia-prime]] para configurar NVIDIA Prime . Permite cambiar completamente al uso de la GPU NVIDIA sin la sobrecarga de Bumblebee, y es especialmente adecuado para su uso con CUDA. <br />
<br />
En los tres casos, al configurar los controladores gráficos durante la instalación y con las herramientas de mageia regulares, solo se debe configurar la tarjeta integrada (al menos en la mayoría de las configuraciones de Optimus), ya que "generalmente" es la única conectada físicamente a un monitor (De fallar inténtelo del otro modo).<br />
<br />
=== Cargadores de arranque ===<br />
* GRUB2 se ha actualizado a 2.04, con varias características y correcciones retroportadas desde la futura rama 2.06<br />
* Para el arranque UEFI, el [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/ cargador de arranque rEFInd] ahora se admite como alternativa a GRUB2.<br />
<br />
== Entornos de Escritorio ==<br />
<br />
Todos los entornos de escritorio mencionados a continuación se incluyen en los repositorios en línea de Mageia y pueden coexistir en cualquier sistema Mageia 8. Algunos de ellos también se incluyen en los medios físicos, LiveDVDs y DVDs clásicos, como se especifica en cada sección.<br />
<br />
=== Plasma ===<br />
<br />
Plasma, el entorno de escritorio de la comunidad KDE, se ofrece en su versión 5.20.4, construido en base a Qt 5.15.2, KDE Frameworks 5.76 y la version 20.12.0 de las aplicaciones KDE.<br />
<br />
Si quiere probar Plasma sobre '''Wayland''', instale {{pkg|plasma-workspace-wayland}}, y debería aparecer en la lista de entornos de escritorio de su gestor de pantalla favorito.<br />
<br />
El gestor de pantalla predeterminado (DM) para el entorno Plasma es SDDM.<br />
<br />
Si en Mageia 7 tiene habilitado Compiz, deshabilitelo antes de actualizar a Mageia 8, vea la [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Plasma|Errata]].<br />
<br />
Plasma tiene un LiveDVD 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona GNOME 3.38.3. Ahora se ejecuta por defecto en Wayland, pero también ofrece la alternativa de sesión "GNOME en Xorg". Note que con los controladores propietarios de Nvidia, GNOME inicia `por defecto una sesión X11.<br />
<br />
Para aquellos que prefieren el estilo de GNOME 2, GNOME 3 proporciona también una sesión "Gnome Clásico".<br />
<br />
GNOME tiene un LiveDVD 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== LXDE ===<br />
<br />
El entorno de escritorio superligero basado en GTK+2 todavía está disponible y continúa recibiendo mejoras de sus desarrolladores y de nuestro mantenedor de Mageia, aún cuando parte de su comunidad está enfocada en LXQt.<br />
<br />
LXDE puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== Xfce ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona [https://www.xfce.org/about/tour416 Xfce 4.16].<br />
<br />
<br />
Xfce tiene LiveDVD 32-bit y 64-bit específico y también puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== LXQt ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona LXQt 0.16.0.<br />
<br />
LXQt no puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional) debido a limitaciones de espacio en las ISOs.<br />
Es necesario agregar el repositorio en línea para habilitar más opciones en la instalación inicial - esto está explicado en la [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/es/content/software.html#add_supplemental_media documentación del instalador].<br />
<br />
{{Pkg| picom}} reemplaza a {{Pkg| compton}} como compositor de transparencias para openbox, - [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#LXQt|un ajuste manual puede ser necesario]]<br />
<br />
=== MATE ===<br />
<br />
Se proporciona MATE 1.24.2.<br />
<br />
MATE puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalador tradicional). Debido a consideraciones de espacio en el DVD, algunas aplicaciones como mate-screenshot (programa de capturas de pantalla) no están incluidas en la ISO DVD Clásica. Para una experiencia completa del escritorio MATE, se recomienda a los usuarios instalar el paquete {{pkg|task-mate}} después de la instalación inicial.<br />
<br />
=== Cinnamon === <br />
<br />
Se proporciona Cinnamon 4.8.3<br />
<br />
Cinnamon puede ser instalado desde la ISO DVD Clásica (instalación tradicional).<br />
<br />
=== Enlightenment ===<br />
<br />
El paquete Enlightenment viene con E24.2 y las bibliotecas Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL) 1.25.1, que incluye los paquetes Elementary, Evas-generic-loaders y Evas-generic-players. Entre lo sobresaliente de esta versión esta el soporte para Bluez5, una mejorada herramienta de captura de pantalla, un más flexible modulo de control de música, el monitor de sistema Evisum, la integración del agente de autentificación Polkit-EFL, y una configuración separada de las aplicaciones a cargar al reiniciar E. Para más detalles vea https://www.enlightenment.org/news/e24.2.<br />
<br />
Desde luego Mageia incluye el gestor de conexiones Connman con la interfaz Econnman, y tres aplicaciones basadas en EFL: Terminology el avanzado emulador de terminal, Ephoto el rápido visor de imágenes, y Rage el ligero reproductor de videos. Al igual que con el lanzamiento anterior, Mageia 8 ofrece también un tema con motivos de Mageia como el predeterminado.<br />
<br />
Para aquellos nuevos o que regresen a E, los procesos y aplicaciones de inicio no se toman automáticamente de {{folder|/etc/xdg/autostart}}. Después de la instalación, vaya a {{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Aplicaciones al inicio}}, y agregue los procesos y aplicaciones que necesite que se inicien al arrancar. Las Aplicaciones que (solamente) se carguen al reiniciar el escritorio se manejan separadamente en una lista disponible en {{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Aplicaciones > Aplicaciones al reinicio}}.<br />
<br />
La bandeja del sistema de Enlightenment que utiliza notificaciones SNI, es un modulo separado y debe de ser cargado ({{menu|Menú principal > Preferencias > Módulos}}) y añadido a un panel (shelf), donde las aplicaciones de Mageia y otras serán mostradas. Las aplicaciones Gtk con soporte appindicator (e.j., el plugin Ubuntu indicator de Pidgin) ahora mostraran sus iconos correctamente.<br />
<br />
Actualmente hay dos problemas conocidos. Primero, Mageia habilita systemd-networkd por defecto para la administración de las redes. Aquellos que prefieran utilizar connman con la interfaz Econnman encontraran que no siempre funciona (tras deshabilitar systemd-networkd y habilitar connman.service), tal vez un resultado de la configuración predeterminada de wpa_supplicant. Existe un gadget recientemente desarrollado que puede utilizar diferentes backends para la administración de las redes inalámbricas, pero aun no se incluye en los repositorios de Mageia.) Segundo, reiniciar E algunas veces produce una advertencia de que el cache Efreet no se ha actualizado. Po lo general puede ignorarlo ya que es producto de un tiempo de espera que para algunos sistemas es muy corto.<br />
<br />
=== Gestores de ventanas livianos ===<br />
<br />
También puede mantener su instalación Mageia 8 aún más ligera y proporcionamos para esto una gran cantidad de pequeños y eficientes gestores de ventanas. Usted puede encontrar afterstep, awesome, dwm, fluxbox, fvwm2, fvwm-crystal, i3, icewm, jwm, matchbox, openbox, pekwm, sugar, swm, y windowmaker. Después de la instalación, aparecen en el menú de inicio de sesión de su gestor de pantalla.<br />
<br />
==== IceWM ====<br />
<br />
IceWM se instala por defecto como entorno de soporte, incluso cuando se selecciona Plasma o GNOME en el instalador. También esta presente en todas las ISO Live.<br />
<br />
Para iniciarlo seleccione "icewm-session" en el administrador de sesión.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones de oficina ==<br />
<br />
LibreOffice ha sido actualizado a 7.0.4.2. Vea las [https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/7.0/es notas del lanzamiento oficial] para más detalles.<br />
<br />
=== Aplicaciones de Internet ===<br />
<br />
'''Iceape''' ha sido retirado, ya que Seamonkey aun no soporta python 3. Nota: ¡Deberá exportar su contenido '''antes''' de actualizar a Mageia 8! Una guía puede encontrarse en {{bug|26593#c14}} y en las búsquedas por internet.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones multimedia ==<br />
<br />
Desde que su última patente expiró, en abril del 2017, el codificador mp3 está disponible desde los repositorios core. Tainted es necesario aún para H.264, H.265/HEVC y AAC.<br />
<br />
==Editores==<br />
<br />
* Vim ha sido actualizado a 8.2.1522<br />
* NeoVim 0.4.3 también se incluye<br />
<br />
== Juegos ==<br />
<br />
En la comunidad de Mageia, nuestro amor por el software libre no excluye a los juegos de código abierto. Se ha hecho un gran esfuerzo durante el ciclo de lanzamiento de Mageia 8 para empaquetar muchos juegos nuevos, haciendo de Mageia 8 una muy buena plataforma para jugadores intensivos y casuales por igual. <br />
Puede revisar Mageia App DB para una lista de [http://mageia.madb.org/package/comparison/release/7/withrelease/8/group/78%2C20%2C64%2C10%2C30%2C46%2C109%2C138%2C74%2C1 todos los juegos nuevos y actualizados en Mageia 8]. La sección siguiente sólo dará algunos ejemplos tomados al tun tun para cada categoría.<br />
<br />
== Educación ==<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 viene con [http://gcompris.net/ gcompris-qt] 1.0. En febrero del 2015, estuvimos entre [https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/new-unified-graphics-for-gcompris quienes colaboraron para mejorar la interfaz gráfica de este importante proyecto].<br />
<br />
== Desarrollo de Software ==<br />
<br />
=== Compiladores y herramientas ===<br />
<br />
Glibc ha sido actualizado a 2.32.<br />
<br />
GCC ha sido actualizado a 10.2, GDB a 10.1 y Valgrind a 3.16.1.<br />
<br />
LLVM ha sido actualizado a 11.0.1.<br />
<br />
Firebird ha sido actualizado a 3.0.7<br />
<br />
IPython ha sido actualizado a 7.19.<br />
<br />
La mayoría de las librerías fueron actualizadas a su versión estable más reciente (con soporte a largo plazo en los casos en que estuvo disponible), como Qt 5.15.2 y GTK+ 3.24.24.<br />
<br />
GTK4 se ofrece en su versión 4.1.0<br />
<br />
Tcl/Tk está en su versión 8.6.10.<br />
<br />
Ocaml ha sido actualizado a 4.10<br />
<br />
Java se ha actualizado a la versión 11, java 8 aun esta disponible pero no es la versión predeterminada. java 16 esta en los repositorios backports.<br />
<br />
Mono se ha actualizado a la versión 6.10.<br />
<br />
Los componentes MinGW se han actualizado.<br />
<br />
=== Software de Virtualización ===<br />
<br />
QEmu ha sido actualizado a 5.2.<br />
<br />
libvirt ha sido actualizado a 7.0, virt-manager a 3.1.0, libguestfs a 1.44.<br />
Xen está en su versión 4.14.<br />
<br />
==== VirtualBox ====<br />
VirtualBox está en su versión 6.1.18.<br />
Nota: En la serie 6.1, VirtualBox solo soporta anfitriones x86_64. '''Cualquier anfitrión de 32 bit [[#Paquetes_que_se_eliminan_tras_actualizar|¡será eliminado]]!'''<br />
<br />
=== Lenguajes de programación ===<br />
<br />
Python 3 ha sido actualizado a 3.8.7.<br />
Python 2 está siendo retirado (la mayoría de módulos de python2 ya fueron quitados).<br />
<br />
Perl ha sido actualizado a 5.32.1<br />
<br />
Ruby ha sido actualizado a 2.7.2.<br />
<br />
Rust está en la versión 1.49.0. Será actualizado durante el ciclo de soporte de Mageia 8 para seguir los nuevos desarrollos.<br />
<br />
PHP ha sido actualizado a 8.0.2, lo que proporciona una mejora adicional en el rendimiento.<br />
<br />
== Aplicaciones de Servidor ==<br />
===Nginx===<br />
Las nuevas instalaciones del servidor http ''nginx'' utilizan el usuario "apache" : los servidores web en Mageia asumen que se utiliza el usuario "apache" creado por el paquete {{pkg|webserver-base}} (el cual deberán tener como dependencia). Este paquete ha dejado de utilizar "nginx" como usuario {{bug|26183}}.<br />
<br />
===Nextcloud===<br />
El servidor de Nextcloud no estuvo disponible al momento de publicarse Mageia 8, esto se debe a que la versión 21, la primera en soportar PHP8, aun no habia sido sido publicada.<br />
<br />
Por el lado positivo, proporcionamos 2 formas de instalarlo:<br />
* Nextcloud 21 se incluira en los repositorios backports de Mageia 8 backports, {{bug|28511}}.<br />
* En la pagina [[Nextcloud]] encontrara instrucciones para instalarlo manualmente.<br />
<br />
{{warning-es|Las versiones de Nextcloud previas a la versión 21 no funcionaran en Mageia 8 ya que PHP7 ha sido retirado.}}<br />
<br />
La versión principal de Nextcloud en Mageia 7 fue la 15 en el repositorio {{media|core release}}.<br />
¡No es recomendable saltarse versiones intermedias! Por lo tanto *antes* de migrar a Mageia 8 debe actualizar Nextcloud primero a la version 16, luego a la 17, luego a la 18, luego a la 19, y finalmente a la 20. Encontrara esas versiones en los repositorios {{media|backports}} de Mageia 7. En cada actualización asegúrese de que sus aplicaciones están actualizadas (se actualizan utilizando la interfaz de Nextcloud) y algunas es mejor desactivarlas o desinstalarlas antes de cada actualización y reactivarlas en cada actualización, también verifique que Nextcloud funciona tras cada actualización, compruebe los registros. Es muy buena idea hacer Respaldos antes de comenzar el proceso, también revisar la evolución de las instrucciones en https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Nextcloud.<br />
<br />
= Actualizando desde Mageia 7 =<br />
La actualización desde Mageia 7 está soportada y ha sido afinada en los últimos meses.<br />
<br />
Vea también [[Como elegir el Método correcto para Actualizar a una nueva versión|Como elegir el Método correcto para Actualizar a una nueva versión.]]<br />
<br />
{{note-es|Por favor, también lea la sección [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Problemas_de_actualización|Problemas de migración]] de las Erratas.}}<br />
<br />
== Preparativos == <br />
* Respalde cualquier información importante.<br />
* Realice una actualización del sistema (especialmente de rpm y urpmi). <br />
* Si quiere actualizar un sistema de 64-bit, '''primero debe desinstalar las bibliotecas de desarrollo de 32bit que pueda contener'''. Puede reconocerlas por la palabra "devel" en el nombre. Para saber si su sistema aloja dichas bibliotecas puede usar el comando: <br />
:{{cmd|<nowiki>rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{version}-%{RELEASE}-%{ARCH}\n" |grep i586 |grep devel</nowiki>}}<br />
* <br />
Si añadió '''repositorios de terceros''', como el de Google, asegúrese de hacer copia del archivo {{file|urpmi.cfg}} localizado en la carpeta {{folder|/etc/urpmi}}.<br />
* Es bueno liberar algo de espacio, en particular desinstale kernels antiguos, juegos muy pesados...<br />
* Asegúrese de tener instalado un paquete '''task-* de su escritorio favorito'''. Esto asegurara que al finalizar la actualización no falten paquetes necesarios. Ejemplo: {{pkg|task-plasma}}. Si no necesita una instalación completa de Plasma, pruebe {{pkg|task-plasma-minimal}}. Otros escritorios siguen el mismo esquema, como {{pkg|task-gnome, task-xfce}}, etc, algunos también tienen la variante "-minimal".<br />
<br />
<span style="color:red">'''No esta soportado:'''<br />
* Actualizar directamente desde una versión anterior a la previa<br />
* Actualizar utilizando cualquier imagen Live - ya que las imágenes Live son copiadas "tal cual" en el sistema destino.<br />
* Actualizar una instalación de Mageia que '''NO''' estaba en modo UEFI, mediante el modo UEFI<br />
- En estos casos debe realizar una instalación completa (tal vez conservando la carpeta {{folder|/home}})<br />
<br />
== Actualizar via Internet ==<br />
<br />
El applet de actualizaciones de Mageia, Mageia Online, '''notificará''' que una nueva versión de Mageia está disponible y le preguntará si desea proceder. Si acepta, la actualización se llevará a cabo desde su instalación de Mageia sin que sea necesario realizar más pasos.<br/><br />
<br />
Si ha desactivado el applet o no está automáticamente funcionando por alguna razón, puede actualizar manualmente usando tanto la GUI ({{cmd|mgaonline}}) como la CLI ({{cmd|urpmi}}/{{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}). Cada uno de los métodos se desarrollan a continuación.<br />
<br />
Actualice completamente el sistema y compruebe antes de actualizar a la nueva versión que tiene el suficiente espacio disponible. Al menos 2 GB, dependiendo de su configuración, vea la nota y el método seguro en [[#Notas_sobre_Mageia_8#Mediante_linea_de_comandos_.28urpmi.29.|Actualizar mediante linea de comandos usando urpmi]]-<br />
<br />
{{note-es|De ser posible use una conexión cableada a internet, especialmente cuando está usando controladores wlan no libres.}}<br />
<br />
=== Mediante mgaonline (interfaz gráfica)) ===<br />
# Asegurece de desactivar los salva pantallas.<br />
# Use el icono de Mageia Online icon en la bandeja del sistema para actualizar.<br />
<br />
'''- Si no le ofrece la opción de actualizar a la nueva versión de Mageia:'''<br />
* Asegúrese de que su sistema esté completamente actualizado aplicando todas las actualizaciones disponibles.<br />
Vea la documentación de [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/MageiaUpdate.html mageia 7] mientras esta lista la de mageia 8.<br />
<br />
* En Centro de Control Mageia - Administración de Software - Configure la frecuencia de actualizaciones, asegúrese de que la opción [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/mgaapplet-config.html "Compruebe si hay versiones más recientes de Mageia"] está seleccionada.<br />
<br />
* Busque en su carpeta personal el directorio oculto {{Folder|.MgaOnline}}. Si existe un fichero {{file|mgaonline}} en ese directorio, elimínelo.<br />
<br />
Después de reiniciar, el icono azul de actualizaciones debería aparecer la próxima vez que Mageia Online busque nuevas actualizaciones. <br />
<br />
Si Mageia 7 ha llegado al final de su soporte, verá un icono naranja y una advertencia emergente de que Mageia 7 ya no está soportado. <br />
<br />
Alternativamente, puede lanzar el proceso de actualización ingresando lo siguiente en un terminal:<br />
<br />
{{Console-es|<nowiki>mgaapplet-upgrade-helper --new_distro_version=8</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Esto lo notificará de la disponibilidad de la nueva distribución Mageia 8, configurará los repositorios de Mageia y comenzará la migración.<br />
<br />
=== Mediante linea de comandos (urpmi) ===<br />
<br />
Este método es muy útil cuando la partición raíz está cifrada, ya que una vez arrancado el sistema la partición está accesible.<br />
<br />
Existen múltiples vías de obtener una interfaz de línea de comandos(CLI).<br />
<br />
El mejor método para llevar a cabo la actualización es usar el run-level 3, cuando el servidor X y el entorno gráfico no están ejecutándose.<br />
<br />
Por lo tanto, usando el run-level 3 la actualización será más limpia que si lo hiciera desde una aplicación de terminal, ya que estarían en ejecución menos programas que podrían estropear la actualización.<br />
<br />
Si tiene instalado dnf, deberá detener el temporizador dnf makecache, ya que hace que urpmi se bloquee cuando se ejecuta durante la actualización. Los comandos se incluyen a continuación. Vea el fallo {{bug|25072}}<br />
<br />
El nivel de ejecución 3 puede invocarse agregando un "3" a la línea de comandos del kernel editándolo al inicio y obteniendo así un símbolo de inicio de sesión. Otra alternativa es usar el comando:<br />
{{cmd|systemctl isolate multi-user.target}}<br />
<br />
Se recomienda ejecutar "script upgrade_log.txt" antes de lanzar los siguientes comandos para capturar los mensajes de actualización en el caso de que ocurra algún error inesperado. Los mensajes serán escritos en el fichero {{file|upgrade_log.txt}}. Use "exit" para salir de "script".<br />
<br />
Estos son los pasos generales para actualizar:<br />
<br />
* Hágase root en un terminal<br />
{{user to root-es|_}}<br />
{{warning-es|Desde este punto todos los comandos son ejecutados como root}}<br />
* Nos aseguramos de que el sistema este actualizado, como se ha recomendado previamente<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* Desactivar dnf makecache (puede saltarse este paso cuando dnf no esté instalado)<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.service}}<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.timer && systemctl daemon-reload}}<br />
* Eliminar todos los repositorios de su sistema ejecutando el comando:<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}}<br />
* Añadir la fuente de Mageia 8 en línea, ya sea:<br />
** Usando el método MIRRORLIST (que seleccionara un servidor automáticamente de acuerdo a su ubicación geográfica):<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.8.$ARCH.list'}}<br />
*:(urpmi sabe qué sustituir en $ARCH)<br />
** Usando un mirror específico:<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib <url_del_mirror>}}<br />
*:Puede obtener el url_del_mirror usando la [http://mirrors.mageia.org/distrib aplicación web de mirrors de Mageia].<br />
* Finalmente comenzar la actualización: <br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* Es mejor ejecutar el comando anterior dos veces porque la primera vez algunos paquetes descargados pueden no haberse instalado.<br />
<br />
{{Note-es| A veces es una buena idea, cuando tienes más que suficiente espacio libre, simular la actualización antes de llevarla a cabo. <br><br />
Con este comando: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all --test}} todos los paquetes son descargados y la 'actualización' es sólo una simulación. Esto necesita un montón de espacio libre antes de comenzar la prueba - algo así como más de 2GB en la partición /var (O la partición / si no tiene /var en una partición separada, si tiene varios de los principales escritorios y/o varios programas podra necesitar aun más espacio, o podra necesitar menos en si solo tiene un escritorio ligero). Si el espacio lo tiene en otra partición, puede especificar el destino de los ficheros descargados agregando la ruta a esta partición después de {{cmd|--download-all}}.<br><br />
Si el resultado es bueno, entonces lleva a cabo la actualización con el comando: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all}}. También añade la ruta a los ficheros descargados si lo hiciste antes.<br />
Si el resultado no es el esperado, restaura los repositorios de Mageia 7 con {{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}} y {{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.7.$ARCH.list'}} como hiciste anteriormente. y limpie el cache utilizando el comando {{cmd|urpmi --clean}}.}}<br />
<br />
=== Mediante linea de comandos (DNF) ===<br />
<br />
Si está usando DNF para la administración de software (y lo ha configurado adecuadamente según [[Usando DNF|la pagina sobre como utilizar DNF]]), puedes actualizar a Mageia 8 en sólo unos pocos pasos (todos los comandos deben ejecutarse como root):<br />
<br />
#Asegúrese de que su sistema está completamente actualizado: {{cmd|dnf upgrade}}<br />
#Instale el plugin {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}: {{cmd|dnf install 'dnf-command(system-upgrade)'}}<br />
#Ejecute la fase de descarga de system-upgrade: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade --releasever 8 download --allowerasing}}<br />
##Se le preguntara antes de descargar los paquetes, y se le indicara cuanto espacio libre se requiere. Si no tiene lo que se le indica mas unos doscientos MB libres en la partición {{folder|/var}} ''(Si {{folder|/var}} no es una partición separada de la partición {{folder|/}}, añada otros doscientos MB de espacio)''. Si no es así, haga suficiente espacio libre o añada la opción {{cmd|--downloaddir ruta_al_directorio_con_espacio_libre}} a este y los próximos comandos de system-upgrade. Ademas si tiene una partición {{folder|/boot}} separada, asegurese de que tiene espacio para [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8#Actualizando_mediante_dnf|dos variantes del kernel]]. También asegurese de que la partición {{folder|/}} tenga espacio para lo nuevos programas.<br />
##Cuando este seguro de que el espacio disponible es suficiente responda que si (yes) para permitir la descarga. También ejecutara una prueba de la transacción.<br />
<br />
#Si la prueba y la descarga tienen éxito:<br />
## ¡Guarde su trabajo y cierre las aplicaciones!<br />
## Inicie la actualización: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade reboot}} <span style="color:red">'''/!\ NOTA:''' '' ¡Se reiniciara inmediatamente su sistema! '' '''/!\''' </span><br />
<br />
''Ahora disfrute de alguna bebida mientras observa las burbujas en nuestra pantalla de arranque - y sobre de ellas los mensajes sobre lo que esta ocurriendo. Cuando finalice, se reiniciara para que pueda disfrutar de la nueva Mageia.''<br />
<br />
== Usando el DVD tradicional de Mageia 8 para Actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Puede usar el DVD de Mageia 8 tradicional (es decir, el no-Live) para realizar una instalación limpia, pero también para actualizar desde Mageia 7.<br />
<br />
Para actualizar:<br />
<br />
* Descargue la ISO desde la [http://mageia.org/8/ página de descargas] de Mageia y quémela en un DVD o transfierala en un dispositivo USB. Para más detalles, eche una mirada a este [[Installation_Media|artículo acerca de los Medios de Instalación Disponibles]].<br />
* Arranque el DVD y asegúrese de hacerlo en el mismo modo (legacy/BIOS o UEFI) en el que Mageia 7 está instalado.<br />
* Seleccione "Install Mageia 8" del menú de GRUB (el cargador de arranque).<br />
* Seleccione la opción [http://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/selectInstallClass.html Actualizar].<br />
<br />
'''Se recomienda configurar los repositorios en línea durante la actualización, ya que el DVD solo incluye un subconjunto del conjunto completo de repositorios en línea de Mageia.'''<br />
Esto es especialmente importante si utiliza paquetes importantes de 32 bits en una instalación de 64 bits, porque la ISO de 64 bits solo contendrá paquetes de 64 bits, por lo que es probable que la actualización falle si no agrega repositorios en línea.<br />
<br />
Además, es posible que una instalación determinada de Mageia 7 haya recibido una actualización a una versión posterior del software que la disponible en la ISO. Cuando esto sucede, es posible que una actualización no se complete. En el momento en que se prueban los ISO, es imposible anticipar qué paquetes de Mageia 7 pueden actualizarse en el futuro, por lo que las actualizaciones sin conexión (es decir, las actualizaciones intentadas sin configurar los repositorios en línea) no son compatibles. <br />
<br />
La primera vez que reinicie el sistema, use el comando '{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update}}' para [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5687 asegurarse] de que todos los paquetes sean actualizados.<br />
<br />
=== Actualizando una instalación cifrada ===<br />
<br />
Primeramente, en el sistema Mageia 7 en funcionamiento:<br />
<br />
* Eliminar los kernels innecesarios y programas grandes innecesarios.<br />
* Realice una actualización completa.<br />
* Tome nota de los repositorios en uso y de los que serán usados (¿Hay algún tainted habilitado? Si se trata de un sistema de 64 bit, ¿hay algún repositorio de 32 bit habilitado?).<br />
* Tome nota de las particiones usadas y de sus puntos de montaje.<br />
<br />
A continuación, prepare y arranque el instalador tradicional como se describió anteriormente, y:<br />
<br />
* Seleccionar la instalación, seleccionar el lenguaje, aceptar la licencia, seleccionar el país, seleccionar el teclado, personalizar el particionamiento.<br />
* Seleccione sus particiones cifradas, seleccione ''Use'' e ingrese su clave.<br />
* Si es LVM aparece una nueva pestaña con las particiones LV.<br />
* Asigne puntos de montaje para todas las particiones excepto ''swap'' (según las notas que tomó antes, o juzgue por el nombre, tamaño y tipo de las particiones. ¡No olvides que {{folder|/boot}} debe estar fuera del LVM cifrado!).<br />
* IMPORTANTE: Después de hacer clic en Siguiente, ¡asegúrese de que la opción para formatear todas las particiones NO está seleccionada! O, si quiere un sistema nuevo pero manteniendo la información de usuario: formatear {{folder|/boot}}, {{folder|/}} y cualquier otra como {{folder|/usr}}, {{folder|/tmp}}, etc que pueda tener, pero NO {{folder|/home}}.<br />
* Debería habilitar todos los repositorios (usando las notas que tomó antes) de acuerdo a aquellos usados en su anterior instalación de Mageia - excepto backports.<br />
* Al igual que con una instalación no cifrada, se recomienda configurar los repositorios en línea, incluidos los repositorios de actualizaciones relevantes.<br />
<br />
= Problemas conocidos =<br />
== Se requiere de acciones del usuario ==<br />
'Acciones de su parte que que no se describen en otro lugar ni en las Erratas.''<br />
<br />
=== VeraCrypt ===<br />
Tras actualizar a Mageia 8, VeraCrypt no funciona con sudo como antes. {{Bug|28001}}<br />
<br />
Desde [https://github.com/veracrypt/VeraCrypt/releases/tag/VeraCrypt_1.24-Update2 veracrypt-1.24u2] tine que añadir el parámetro '--use-dummy-sudo-password' al ejecutar VeraCrypt para conseguir el comportamiento anterior con sudo. También vea el foro de [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1906246#p1906246 Arch Linux].<br />
<br />
== Fallos ==<br />
Vea la [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8| pagina de Erratas]].<br />
<br />
=== Reporte de fallos ===<br />
<br />
Tenemos un [https://bugs.mageia.org/ sistema de seguimiento de fallos], pero por favor antes de reportar cualquier fallo primero lea las [[Erratas_de_Mageia_8| Erratas]] y use el buscador del sistema bugzilla para ver si el fallo no ha sido reportado, y en caso de estar reportado tal vez pueda añadir información valiosa o ayudar probando alguna actualización propuesta. Para contribuir necesita una cuenta Mageia que puede crear en https://identity.mageia.org/. Si no sabe como reportar un fallo [[Bugzilla#How-to_report_a_bug| lea esto]].<br />
<br />
También sera bienvenido en nuestros [https://forums.mageia.org Foros en ingles].Para la fase de desarollo visite las secciones "Testing : Alpha, Beta, RC y Cauldron".<br />
<br />
= Paquetes eliminados en la distribución =<br />
<br />
== Paquetes que no se eliminan tras actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Los siguientes paquetes se han eliminado de la distribución pero no son afectados por el proceso de actualización, deberían seguir funcionando, pero no recibirán ningún soporte en caso de que no fuera así, ni recibirán actualizaciones, lo que significa que estarán desactualizados comparados con la versión de desarrollo y que estarán expuestos a potenciales problemas de seguridad. Probablemente debería de instalar desde el sitio del desarrollador pero eso es decisión suya.<br />
<br />
Esta categoría contiene los siguientes paquetes:<br />
* GLPI y sus extensiones<br />
* galette<br />
* Nextcloud ([[#Nextcloud|temporalmente]])<br />
* PyCharm-community<br />
* Scilab<br />
* MysqlWorkbench<br />
<br />
== Paquetes que se eliminan tras actualizar ==<br />
<br />
Los siguientes paquetes se han eliminado de la distribución y se han marcado como obsoletos en el paquete {{pkg|task-obsolete}}, así que serán eliminados tras la actualización.<br />
<br />
Esta categoría contiene los siguientes paquetes:<br />
* {{pkg|fslint}} ya que requiere python2 y gtk2. Vea el [https://github.com/pixelb/fslint/issues/172 reporte en el sitio de desarrollo]. Tal vez quiera probar [https://github.com/qarmin/czkawka czkawka] que puede [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Flatpak|instalarse mediante flatpak]].<br />
* [[#Aplicaciones de Internet|Iceape]]<br />
* {{pkg|java3d}} {{bug|27875}}<br />
* {{pkg|kde-rootactions-servicemenu}} se ha eliminado por que no recibe mantenimiento y tiene fallos.<br />
* {{prog|Mailman}} debido a problemas de seguridad y a que depende de python2. Desafortunadamente aun no tenemos Mailman 3. [https://www.gnu.org/software/mailman/ El sitio de mailman] lista instrucciones de instalación y un contenedor Docker esta disponible [https://docs.mailman3.org/en/latest/install/install.html aquí.]<br />
* El controlador [[#Controlador_Propietario_NVIDIA|nvidia340]] ha sido eliminado.<br />
* {{prog|PlayOnLinux}}, ya aun no esta portado a Python3, vea el sitio del desarrollador {{bug|28717}}. <br />
Como alternativa pruebe [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Ejecutar programas de MSWindows|Ejecutar programas de MSWindows]] y [[Formas_de_instalar_programas#Entornos de Juegos (y algunas aplicaciones también)|Entornos de Juegos]] en su lugar.<br />
* Los anfitriones de 32 bit de [[#VirtualBox|VirtualBox]].<br />
* {{pkg|youtube-dl-gui}} (Python2). Alternativas sugeridas: [https://github.com/oleksis/youtube-dl-gui la bifurcación en Python3], desde los repositorios {{pkg|Tartube}} o {{pkg|clipgrab}}. [https://clipgrab.org/].<br />
* ...<br />
{{...-es}}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Release Notes]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 8]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51723Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-24T19:09:44Z<p>Filip: /* Image with Desktop Environment */ note about doc</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or command line interface aka CLI if that was your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC (see [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ documentation] and in CLI too (see [[#changing_repositories|bellow]]).<br />
<br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features are not yet tested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions.<br><br />
Install and tests were started with [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ Mageia-8-rpi-aarch64-noDE.img.gz image]. Be brave and contribute your helpfull experience.}} <br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, 1 and 2 are 32 bit only so currently unsupported. But [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] can build them for Raspberry Pi 2 32 bit and for Raspberry Pi 3 even 64 bit.<br />
<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here] and even build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Other ARM boards =<br />
More experienced can use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] to build generic aarch64 image.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= First boot =<br />
<br />
== Image without Desktop Environment aka command line interface ==<br />
* login name for first boot is root, new password is imidietly required<br />
* Workaround for <span id="changing_repositories">changing the repositories in CLI</span> (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}}<br />
* After you have properly set desired Mageia version (8 in our case) in repositories it's time to refresh the latest packages lists, add your language, set your locale and keyboard and of course add nonroot users.<br />
{{root console|urpmi.update -a # refresh or even better<br><br />
urpmi.update -a && urpmi --auto-select # refresh and udate<br><br />
urpmi drakconf draklocale # add important parts of mcc<br><br />
urpmi locales-sl # add your locale if non English, note that Slovenian one is just an example. use <Tab> autompletion if you don't remember exactly (not strange as there are more than 180).<br><br />
draklocale # setup your language<br><br />
drakconf # and tune your keyboard layout and add a nonroot user<br />
hostnamectl set-hostname your_desired_hostname # change default hostname rpi-aarch64 if you wish or need<br />
}}<br />
* You can install Desktop Environment (GUI aplication can come handy even in headless configuration)<br />
{{root console|urpmi task-xfce # for example or slightly thinner task-xfce-minimal<br><br />
startx # or startxfce4}}<br />
<br />
== Image with Desktop Environment ==<br />
<br />
If you use your ARM board with monitor or TV everything should work the same as in your ordinary computer. There's also [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ nice documentation] available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51719Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-24T19:02:52Z<p>Filip: added section for images with Desktop Environment</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or command line interface aka CLI if that was your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC (see [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ documentation] and in CLI too (see [[#changing_repositories|bellow]]).<br />
<br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features are not yet tested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions.<br><br />
Install and tests were started with [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ Mageia-8-rpi-aarch64-noDE.img.gz image]. Be brave and contribute your helpfull experience.}} <br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, 1 and 2 are 32 bit only so currently unsupported. But [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] can build them for Raspberry Pi 2 32 bit and for Raspberry Pi 3 even 64 bit.<br />
<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here] and even build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Other ARM boards =<br />
More experienced can use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] to build generic aarch64 image.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= First boot =<br />
<br />
== Image without Desktop Environment aka command line interface ==<br />
* login name for first boot is root, new password is imidietly required<br />
* Workaround for <span id="changing_repositories">changing the repositories in CLI</span> (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}}<br />
* After you have properly set desired Mageia version (8 in our case) in repositories it's time to refresh the latest packages lists, add your language, set your locale and keyboard and of course add nonroot users.<br />
{{root console|urpmi.update -a # refresh or even better<br><br />
urpmi.update -a && urpmi --auto-select # refresh and udate<br><br />
urpmi drakconf draklocale # add important parts of mcc<br><br />
urpmi locales-sl # add your locale if non English, note that Slovenian one is just an example. use <Tab> autompletion if you don't remember exactly (not strange as there are more than 180).<br><br />
draklocale # setup your language<br><br />
drakconf # and tune your keyboard layout and add a nonroot user<br />
hostnamectl set-hostname your_desired_hostname # change default hostname rpi-aarch64 if you wish or need<br />
}}<br />
* You can install Desktop Environment (GUI aplication can come handy even in headless configuration)<br />
{{root console|urpmi task-xfce # for example or slightly thinner task-xfce-minimal<br><br />
startx # or startxfce4}}<br />
<br />
== Image with Desktop Environment ==<br />
<br />
{{...}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51716Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-24T19:00:38Z<p>Filip: added some recommended configurations, procedures and packages</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or command line interface aka CLI if that was your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC (see [https://www.mageia.org/doc/ documentation] and in CLI too (see [[#changing_repositories|bellow]]).<br />
<br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features are not yet tested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions.<br><br />
Install and tests were started with [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ Mageia-8-rpi-aarch64-noDE.img.gz image]. Be brave and contribute your helpfull experience.}} <br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available but you can build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, 1 and 2 are 32 bit only so currently unsupported. But [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] can build them for Raspberry Pi 2 32 bit and for Raspberry Pi 3 even 64 bit.<br />
<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here] and even build your own with [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts].<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Other ARM boards =<br />
More experienced can use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] to build generic aarch64 image.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= First boot =<br />
<br />
== Image without Desktop Environment aka command line interface ==<br />
* login name for first boot is root, new password is imidietly required<br />
* Workaround for <span id="changing_repositories">changing the repositories in CLI</span> (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}}<br />
* After you have properly set desired Mageia version (8 in our case) in repositories it's time to refresh the latest packages lists, add your language, set your locale and keyboard and of course add nonroot users.<br />
{{root console|urpmi.update -a # refresh or even better<br><br />
urpmi.update -a && urpmi --auto-select # refresh and udate<br><br />
urpmi drakconf draklocale # add important parts of mcc<br><br />
urpmi locales-sl # add your locale if non English, note that Slovenian one is just an example. use <Tab> autompletion if you don't remember exactly (not strange as there are more than 180).<br><br />
draklocale # setup your language<br><br />
drakconf # and tune your keyboard layout and add a nonroot user<br />
hostnamectl set-hostname your_desired_hostname # change default hostname rpi-aarch64 if you wish or need<br />
}}<br />
* You can install Desktop Environment (GUI aplication can come handy even in headless configuration)<br />
{{root console|urpmi task-xfce # for example or slightly thinner task-xfce-minimal<br><br />
startx # or startxfce4}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51683Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-24T01:33:38Z<p>Filip: /* Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board */ bug reopened</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available.<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features still untested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions}} <br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, 1 and 2 are 32 bit only so currently unsupported. But [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] can build them for Raspberry Pi 2 32 bit and for Raspberry Pi 3 even 64 bit.<br />
<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here].<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Other ARM boards =<br />
More experienced can use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] to build generic aarch64 image.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= First boot =<br />
<br />
* login name for first boot is root, new passwords is required</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51682Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-23T23:42:15Z<p>Filip: adding First boot section</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available.<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], <s>[https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]</s>).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features still untested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions}} <br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, 1 and 2 are 32 bit only so currently unsupported. But [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] can build them for Raspberry Pi 2 32 bit and for Raspberry Pi 3 even 64 bit.<br />
<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here].<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Other ARM boards =<br />
More experienced can use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] to build generic aarch64 image.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= First boot =<br />
<br />
* login name for first boot is root, new passwords is required</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51681Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-23T22:20:21Z<p>Filip: adding our scripts</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available.<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features still untested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions}} <br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, 1 and 2 are 32 bit only so currently unsupported. But [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] can build them for Raspberry Pi 2 32 bit and for Raspberry Pi 3 even 64 bit.<br />
<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here].<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
= Other ARM boards =<br />
More experienced can use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/mageia4arm/ our scripts] to build generic aarch64 image.<br />
<br />
<br />
{{...}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51665Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-22T23:57:11Z<p>Filip: added only 64 bit note</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Raspberry Pi board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed. Note that there are only 64 bit images currently available.<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features still untested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions}} <br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, 1 and 2 are 32 bit only so currently unsupported.<br />
<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your Banana Pi board =<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here].<br />
<br />
<br />
{{...}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51664Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-22T23:51:35Z<p>Filip: added some other Raspberry Pi and Banana Pi boards</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your ARM board =<br />
== Raspberry Pi 4 aka RPi4 board ==<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image] for your Desktop Environment which you can change/install later if needed.<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features still untested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions}} <br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 3 aka RPi3 board ==<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Raspberry Pi 400 ==<br />
<br />
Mageia should work on Raspberry Pi 400 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
Note that there are only [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ 64 bit images] currently available.<br />
<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
== Older Raspberry boards ==<br />
<br />
Boards as Raspberry Pi Zero, 1 and 2 are 32 bit only so currently unsupported.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Banana Pi board ==<br />
Mageia 8 can be also installed on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi Banana Pi board].<br />
You can find 32 bit images [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/armv7hl/install/images/ here].<br />
<br />
<br />
{{...}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51662Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-22T23:10:55Z<p>Filip: Filip moved page User:Filip/RPi to User:Filip/How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your ARM board: even more general title</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board =<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features still untested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions}} <br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board =<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=User:Filip/RPi&diff=51663User:Filip/RPi2021-04-22T23:10:55Z<p>Filip: Filip moved page User:Filip/RPi to User:Filip/How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your ARM board: even more general title</p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[User:Filip/How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your ARM board]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51661Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-22T23:09:42Z<p>Filip: adding Category:Howtos</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
[[Category:Howtos]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board =<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features still untested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions}} <br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board =<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51657Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-22T22:56:11Z<p>Filip: add info about gpio export and initrd bug + untested functions</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board =<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer (mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound], gpio export not possible (no bug report yet as more tests are needed) and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases], [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28831 initrd symlink not updated with kernel upgrade]).<br />
<br />
<br />
{{information|Some hardware features still untested. Like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, most of the GPIO connector functions}} <br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board =<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=User:Filip/RPi4&diff=51592User:Filip/RPi42021-04-21T01:21:30Z<p>Filip: Filip moved page User:Filip/RPi4 to User:Filip/RPi: more universal</p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[User:Filip/RPi]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51591Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-21T01:21:30Z<p>Filip: Filip moved page User:Filip/RPi4 to User:Filip/RPi: more universal</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board =<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer ( mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound] and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases]).<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board =<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_on_ARM_(Raspberry_PI)&diff=51590Installing Mageia on ARM (Raspberry PI)2021-04-21T01:18:55Z<p>Filip: Creating the first draft</p>
<hr />
<div>{{draft}}<br />
[[Category:Documentation]]<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board =<br />
[[image:wiki3.png|right|80px]] <br />
This instructions are tested on [https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/ RPi4 board] and might be adjusted for other Raspberry Pi boards like [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board1|RPi3]].<br />
<br />
# First you should choose your [http://mirrors.kernel.org/mageia/distrib/8/aarch64/install/images/ image].<br />
# Then you can use [[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks IsoDumper IsoDumper]] or any other [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|tool for writing the image]] on your SD card.<br />
# After successful write you just boot your RPi4 board from SD card. It's very easy if you connect the board to the monitor or TV and keyboard especially if already installed Mageia on a regular computer. Headless install is also possible but it's not covered here.<br />
# The Mageia install should boot to the Desktop Environment of your chosen image or CLI if that's your choice.<br />
# Before you install or update any packages make sure that the repositories are for Mageia 8 (note [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28818 bug 28818]) and those that you prefer ( mandatory is {{core}} one, others are of course optional: {{nonfree}}, {{tainted}} and {{backports}}).<br />
It's very easy with MCC and in CLI too.<br />
Workaround for CLI (to be done before any urpmi command):<br />
{{root console|cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check to which version URL points<br> cp /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg /etc/urpmi/urpmi_original.cfg # copy, to be on the safe side <br>sed -i 's/cauldron/8/g' /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # the magic command to change <br> cat /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg # to check the result}} <br />
<br />
Please be aware that although this can work great and stable there are currently some missing functionalities like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=24084 missing sound] and posiblly some other bugs too (like [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28572 no working keyboard in some cases]).<br />
<br />
= How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi3 board =<br />
<br />
Mageia works stable on RPi3 too. The instructions should work the same as on [[#How to install and configure Mageia 8 on your RPi4 board1|RPi4]].<br />
{{...}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{note|Recomended configurations, procedures and packages will be added.}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_8_Release_Notes&diff=50807Mageia 8 Release Notes2021-03-03T12:39:51Z<p>Filip: Use documentation for release 7 until the one for 8 is ready</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Release Notes]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 8]]<br />
<!-- '''This information is available in other languages''':<br /><br />
* [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]]<br />
<br />
disable this so it's not in release note of isos medias--><br />
{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 8 Veröffentlichungshinweise-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia 8 Release Notes|English]] ; [[Notas_sobre_Mageia_8|Español]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notes_de_version-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia 8 note di rilascio-it|Italiano]] ; [[Mageia_8_Notas_da_Versão_pt-PT|Portuguese (Portugal)]] ;}}<br />
<br />
== Introduction ==<br />
<br />
Mageia is a Free Software operating system of the GNU/Linux family, which can be installed on computers either as the main operating system, or as an alternative system to one or several pre-installed systems (''dual boot''). It is a community project supported by the non-profit Mageia.Org organization of elected contributors. Mageia is developed ''by'' and ''for'' its community of users, and is suitable for all kinds of users, from first-time GNU/Linux users to advanced developers or system administrators.<br />
<br />
The latest stable release of the Mageia project, Mageia 8, previously spent more than a year in development. It will be supported with security and bug fix updates for 18 months, up to October 2022.<br />
<br />
=== Available installation media ===<br />
<br />
Mageia has three distinct installation media types:<br />
<br />
* '''Classical ISOs''' (DVD 32-bit, DVD 64-bit), which use the [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/index.html DrakX traditional installer] (Note: use [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/7/en/content/index.html documentation for release 7] until the new one is ready). The 32-bit and 64-bit DVD ISOs contain all supported locales, a great variety of packages to choose from (including most supported desktop environments) and '''all non-free drivers'''. The use of non-free packages can be disabled during the installation. Note that by decision, Classic Installer will not use non-free drivers during install, so you may need wired Ethernet if you wish to use online repositories for updates during install.<br />
<br />
* '''Network install ISOs''' (32-bit and 64-bit, both in free and nonfree versions), are minimal size and contain only installer [[#Stage_1|Stage 1]], which contain needed hardware support to start, connect to network and download stage 2. You may need nonfree version to have the necessary drivers for i.e wifi. From there on it acts like Classical ISO installer except it fetches everything using network, from Mageia or other repository, possibly local. ''Note: It is a good idea to first make a minimal install, and install the rest from the booted target system - especially during Mageia development stage (alpha, beta, RC) where packages and especially the files listing them change frequently. Note: Netinstall ISOs are not adapted to boot on 32-bit EFI.''<br />
<br />
* '''Live ISOs''' can be booted directly to use Mageia, and can also install itself to your fixed drive. Live media come with either the Plasma (64-bit), GNOME (64-bit) or Xfce (32 or 64-bit) desktop environments. The Live DVDs contain all supported locales, wide hardware support, and a pre-selection of software, making them a quicker way to get started working. Note that we added an optional [[Installation_Media#Persistence_with_memory_devices|persistence]] feature which preserves user files and customization of the system to next boot, optionally encrypted. '''So now you can easily take Mageia and your files with you!''' Persistence mode need ''less'' RAM. Tip: For optimising updating you can uninstall packages, see [[Removing packages#Persistent Live USB]] and more on that wiki page. You can also [[Draklive2|spin your own Live!]]<br />
<br />
All ISO images can be burned to a DVD or [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|dumped on a USB flash drive]]. Please note the file and device size limits as, for example, a 4 GB ISO image can be too big for some "nominally" 4 GB USB drives, due to their actual capacity being slightly lower than the marketed size.<br />
<br />
For more information, please have a look at our [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/Select-and-use-ISOs.html installation media] (Note: use [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/7/en/content/Select-and-use-ISOs.html documentation for release 7] until the new one is ready) manual page.<br />
<br />
You will find the different download options on the [https://www.mageia.org/8/ Mageia 8 download page]: direct (FTP and HTTP) and BitTorrent downloads are available.<br />
<br />
=== The Mageia online repositories ===<br />
<br />
The software packages that are included in Mageia sit in three different repositories/media, depending on the type of license applied to each package. Here's an overview of those repositories:<br />
<br />
* '''Core''': The Core repository includes packages with free-and-open-source software, i.e., packages licensed under a free-and-open-source license. The set of the "Core" media along with "Core Release" and "Core Updates" are enabled by default.<br />
* '''Nonfree''': The Nonfree repository includes packages that are free-of-charge and free to redistribute, but that contain closed-source software (hence the name - Nonfree). For example, this repository includes NVIDIA and AMD/ATI proprietary graphics card drivers, firmware for various WiFi cards, etc.<br /><br />
The Nonfree media set is enabled by default but can be disabled, if necessary, during the installation.<br />
* '''Tainted''': The Tainted repository includes packages released under a free license. The main criterion for placing packages in this repository is that they may infringe on patents and copyright laws in some countries, e.g., multimedia codecs needed to play various audio/video files; packages needed to play a commercial video DVD, etc.<br /><br />
The Tainted media set is added by default but '''not''' enabled by default, i.e., it's completely opt-in; so, check your local laws before using packages from this repository.<br />
<br />
==== 32 bit repos on 64 bit systems ====<br />
<br />
Please note that '''on 64-bit systems''', the '''32-bit repositories are configured, but they are not enabled by default'''. They are needed by some packages, such as {{prog|Steam}}. If you want to install such packages that have dependencies on packages from 32-bit repositories, please make sure that you have "Core 32bit Release" and "Core 32bit Updates" enabled. Likewise for some cases the 32 bit Nonfree or Tainted (both in Release and Updates flavors) may be needed. Basic rules: Don't enable 32-bit repos without corresponding 64 bit enabled because 64-bits libs are preferred (generally) on 64-bit system, and if once a 32-bit repo is used, keep both its Release and Updates flavour enabled to not potentially hinder updates.<br />
<br />
== Release highlights ==<br />
<br />
=== Faster package metadata parsing ===<br />
<br />
Urpmi metadata are compressed with Zstd instead of Xz, resulting in faster parsing.<br />
<br />
=== Python2 is mostly dead ===<br />
<br />
Most python2 modules & software were removed.<br />
<br />
=== ARM support ===<br />
<br />
The ARM (Advanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) Machine) port rebooted during Mageia 7 days has been enhanced.<br />
The core is available for ARMv7 and AArch64.<br />
<br />
There is no traditional installer for now, and it is still considered experimental, but most of the distribution was built successfully on both architectures (see our [https://pkgsubmit.mageia.org/arm-status.html ARM status overview] for details). The plan is to provide installation images for popular ARM devices in the coming months. There is no ETA for those as of Mageia 8's release.<br />
<br />
Drakboot is now somewhat able to set up UEFI on AArch64.<br />
<br />
== Major developments ==<br />
<br />
=== Installation ===<br />
<br />
==== Stage 1 ====<br />
<br />
* Hardware support was extended to be able to start the installer on very recent computers and support more wifi hardware<br />
* NFS support is done using system tools rather than our 15 years old forked NFS code, thus gaining support for NFSv4 & co...<br />
* Stage1 supports loading stage2 through WPA2 encrypted Wi-Fi ({{bug|9541}}) (WEP still supported since earlier)<br />
<br />
==== Stage 2 ====<br />
<br />
* Lots of bug fixes and improvements in the partitioner<br />
* Stage2 squashfs image is now compressed with Zstd instead of Xz for faster startup<br />
* File system support:<br />
** Support installing over F2FS (in expert mode)<br />
** Improved Nilfs2 support: can now be reformatted or resized (but is still not suitable as system FS due to missing features)<br />
** XFS can now be resized even if not on LVM (providing the partition has room to be enlarged)<br />
** exFAT file systems are shown like FAT & NTFS ones (but exFAT cannot be resized)<br />
** Windows 10 NTFS ("[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms Compact OS]") is now supported through the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#CompactOS_algorithms ntfs-3g-system-compression plugin] ({{bug|21737}})<br />
* Bootloader configuration is safer: we keep old grub.cfg around while update-grub2 hasn't overwritten it yet ({{bug|25542}})<br />
* Minimal install on LUKS is bootable<br />
<br />
==== Rescue ====<br />
<br />
The rescue system has been enhanced:<br />
* Rescue stage2 squashfs image is now compressed with Zstd instead of Xz for faster startup<br />
* it's slightly faster to load (fewer modules are loaded and we don't brute force the file system types)<br />
* it's able to repair encrypted LVMs/LUKS ({{bug|22795}})<br />
<br />
==== Live ISO ====<br />
<br />
* Live ISO boot and install is now much faster, due to optimised hardware detection and use of Zstd for compressing the base filesystem<br />
* Live ISO now boots without configuring X.Org, relying on the automatic mode of X.Org<br />
* Diskdrake now supports adding partitions to Live ISOs on USB sticks ({{bug|25224}})<br />
* The persistence partition for a Live ISO on a USB stick can now be encrypted ({{bug|25191}})<br />
* The Live ISO installer now supports setting up of online media and installing updates<br />
<br />
==== Hardware support ====<br />
<br />
* ARM v7 & AArch64 are now somewhat primary architectures in that all packages are now built there<br />
<br />
=== Localisation (l10n) / Internationalisation (i18n) ===<br />
<br />
==== Manuals ====<br />
<br />
* The manuals for the traditional installer and for the Mageia Control Center have been (partially) translated into many more languages. See [http://www.mageia.org/doc/ our official documentation]<br />
* An English screenshot is used when a localized screenshot is unavailable for an HTML manual.<br />
* PDF and EPUB manuals are created only when more than half of the needed localized screenshots for those manuals are available.<br />
<br />
==== Software translations ====<br />
<br />
New translations have been added, while others were improved.<br />
Thank you to our dedicated community of translators for your reliable work.<br />
<br />
=== Package management ===<br />
<br />
==== New RPM ====<br />
<br />
RPM has been upgraded to version 4.16.1.2.<br />
<br />
RPM 4.16 offers key improvements to RPM as a whole, including:<br />
<br />
* Add automatic SSD detection and optimization (on Linux, disabled by default)<br />
* Add filesystem sync at the end of transactions (rhbz#1461765)<br />
* Add SHA256 digest to gpg-pubkey headers too<br />
* Add support for meta dependencies (eg Requires(meta): somepkg) that do not affect install/erase ordering (rhbz#1648721)<br />
* Add support for parametric macro generators<br />
* Deprecate RPM v3 support, visibly (#1007)<br />
* Faster Operations:<br />
** Optimize several operations via parallelization up to %_smp_build_ncpus <br />
** Optimize several operations via thread parallelization up to %_smp_build_nthreads (but limited to a maximum of 4 on 32bit platforms)<br />
** Add support for parallel processing in brp-strip<br />
** Prioritize large packages when writing packages<br />
* Backends:<br />
** Deprecate the Berkeley DB backend<br />
** Add independent implementation of read-only BDB support (experimental)<br />
** Add new SQLite based database backend (experimental)<br />
** Promote NDB out of experimental status<br />
<br />
More information on changes from RPM 4.14 (which shipped with Mageia 7) to RPM 4.16 is available from the RPM website:<br />
* RPM 4.16.1.2: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1.2<br />
* RPM 4.16.1: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.1<br />
* RPM 4.16: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.16.0<br />
* RPM 4.15: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.15.0<br />
<br />
==== DNF: the alternative package manager ====<br />
<br />
DNF (Dandified Yum) was introduced as an alternative to urpmi since Mageia 6.<br />
<br />
DNF is a next-generation dependency resolver and high-level package management tool that traces its ancestry to two projects: Fedora's YUM (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) and openSUSE's SAT Solver (libsolv). DNF was forked from YUM several years ago in order to rewrite it to use the SAT Solver library from openSUSE and to massively restructure the codebase so that a sane API would be available for both extending DNF (via plugins and hooks) and building applications on top of it (such as graphical frontends and system lifecycle automation frameworks).<br />
<br />
DNF comes with enhanced problem reporting, advanced tracking of weak dependencies, support for rich dependencies (see the RPM release notes for more on this), and more detailed transaction information while performing actions.<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 ships with DNF v4.6.0.<br />
<br />
System upgrades using DNF are supported. See the [[#Upgrading_online.2C_using_DNF_.28CLI.29|section on upgrading with DNF]] in the release notes for more information.<br />
<br />
More information on modularity: https://docs.pagure.org/modularity/<br />
<br />
DNF release notes: https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/release_notes.html<br />
<br />
With fresh installations via the classical and live media, DNF will be installed in parallel with urpmi. Depending on the method used to upgrade to Mageia 8, it may be necessary to install the {{Prog|dnf}} package to have it available.<br />
<br />
For information on how to use DNF, please refer to the wiki page: [[Using DNF]].<br />
<br />
==== AppStream ====<br />
<br />
Our RPM-MD (RPM MetaData) repositories (used by DNF and PackageKit) provide AppStream metadata. Tools like GNOME Software (GNOME Desktop, packaged as {{Prog|gnome-software}}) and Plasma Discover (KDE Plasma Desktop, packaged as {{Prog|discover}}) leverage AppStream metadata to provide a rich experience when searching, identifying, and managing applications.<br />
<br />
AppStream is a cross-distribution effort for enhancing software repositories by standardizing software component metadata. It enables an application-centric view on package repositories and provides specifications for things needed to create user-friendly application centers.<br />
<br />
See the AppStream website for more information: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Distributions/AppStream/<br />
<br />
==== perl-URPM and urpmi ====<br />
<br />
* Doc has been enhanced (eg: [https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/URPM/URPM.pm URPM] & [https://metacpan.org/pod/urpm urpm] & CPAN)<br />
* [http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=urpmi urpmi]/[http://fast-matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=URPM perl-URPM] support a wider range of rpm versions, from rpm-4.9 to latest 4.16, from perl-5.8 to perl-5.32<br />
* Various bug fixes have been made<br />
* Urpmi supports the --reinstall option<br />
* Urpmi metadata are compressed with Zstd instead of Xz (faster parsing)<br />
* don't enable 32-bit media by default on 64-bit systems ({{bug|24376}})<br />
** except on systems with 32-bit EFI, where we need the Core 32bit media for the bootloader<br />
* When adding distrib media, enable 32-bit media if needed ({{bug|24438}})<br />
<br />
=== Tools ===<br />
<br />
==== Mageia Control Center ====<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==== Other ====<br />
<br />
===== MageiaWelcome =====<br />
<br />
The 'Welcome' screen is an application that is presented to users when booting into a fresh installation of Mageia. It has now been entirely reworked to have a linear approach, with successive steps following in a logical order of important things to know and do post-installation. By default, it will run at each subsequent boot, but this behaviour is optional. Even if the auto-run option is disabled - it can be invoked at any time as an application (mageiawelcome).<br />
<br />
Under the hood, it uses Python and QML. It is now resizeable and will use the fonts of the desktop environment.<br />
<br />
===== Isodumper =====<br />
<br />
[[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks|Isodumper]] is a tool to write ISO images on memory devices. The checking routine after writing operations is looking now for a sha3 sum file and corresponding signature.<br><br><br />
The added ''persistence'' partition can now also be encrypted. This will be recognized only for Mageia 8 and later ISO images. See [[Installation_Media#Persistence_with_memory_devices|here]] for more information.<br />
<br />
===== Docker =====<br />
<br />
The Docker ecosystem has been augmented (based on the 19.03 version of the engine) with many additional tools such as docker-compose (orchestration with v3 support), containered (daemon controlling runC), docker-registry (share of images), docker-machine (install docker on a remote system), and python-docker (python 2 and 3 libraries for engine API management).<br />
<br />
===== LiveCD Tools =====<br />
<br />
With Mageia 8, the LiveCD Tools have been rebased to the latest version (v27.0).<br />
<br />
For information on how to use the LiveCD Tools, please refer to the wiki page: [[Using the LiveCD Tools]]<br />
<br />
===== draklive2 =====<br />
<br />
The GUI mode has been enhanced to include the summary stage from the classical installer, allowing easy configuration of locales, timezones, system services, and firewalls. The individual package selection stage now includes a flat list mode, removing the restrictions on what packages can be selected.<br />
<br />
For more information, please refer to the wiki page: [[draklive2]]<br />
<br />
===== PCMemTest =====<br />
<br />
This is a fork and major rewrite of the Memtest86+ memory test utility. Unlike Memtest86+, PCMemTest can be used with UEFI as well as with legacy BIOS boot (with the limitation that with UEFI boot, keyboard input only works if the CSM is enabled in the BIOS). PCMemTest replaces Memtest86+ as the memory test utility on all the Mageia ISOs. It may also be installed in a user's system, where it will be automatically added to the system boot menu.<br />
<br />
=== Base system ===<br />
<br />
==== Kernel and hardware support ====<br />
<br />
* Mageia 8 ships with kernel 5.10.16.<br />
All hardware managed by this kernel version is enabled. The kernel provides better graphics with Mesa 20.3.4. <br />
* Other kernel flavors are included, particularly, kernel-linus (a vanilla stock kernel without any extra patchset). See the wiki page [[Kernel_flavours]] for more information.<br />
* The Single-queue I/O schedulers were removed upstream since kernels 5.0 . If you need ionice utility, consider installing a new {{pkg|ionice-scheduler}} package which enables BFQ scheduler for rotational disks.<br />
* cpupower and powersave <BR><br />
There were quite a few changes regarding this since 5.8 Kernel version. If using intel_pstate (for Sandy Bridge and newer Intel cpus), the default behaviour changed on CPUs without hardware-managed P-states (HWP) support, and you need to add the kernel parameter ''intel_pstate=active'' to restore previous behaviour if this results in worse performance for you. (See {{bug|27191}}).<br />
<br />
==== Graphic drivers ====<br />
<br />
Mesa has been updated to Mesa 20.3.4.<br />
<br />
Graphical drivers now use the new vendor-neutral libGL implementation (colloquially "glvnd": GL Vendor Neutral Dispatch) which has been developed to address several issues with OpenGL support on modern Linux systems. <br />
* Users will have the ability to install Mesa and third-party GL drivers in parallel and have them actually work.<br />
* This enables additional performance and functionality for hybrid GPU configurations (high-end laptops, for instance). <br />
<br />
===== X Window System (X11) =====<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 ships with X.Org 1.20.10.<br />
<br />
===== AMD video drivers =====<br />
<br />
* Mageia 8 uses the free video drivers for AMD/ATI graphics cards, AMDGPU for newer cards and Radeon for older graphics cards. Compared with Mageia 7, hardware support has been increased and performance has been improved.<br />
* The proprietary AMDGPU-PRO driver currently only works with X.org 1.1xx, so it cannot be used in Mageia 8.<br />
* In case of a hybrid card, the solution exposed with the [[#Optimus laptops|nouveau driver]] and the precommand DRI_PRIME=n is also working, at least with the radeon driver.<br />
<br />
===== NVIDIA drivers =====<br />
<br />
* The current libre Nouveau driver has enhanced hardware support and performance compared to Mageia 7.<br />
<br />
====== Proprietary NVIDIA driver ======<br />
<br />
NVIDIA's proprietary drivers are provided in the nonfree repositories:<br />
<br />
* Recent GPUs are supported by the R460 series driver "nvidia-current". (64 bit only)<br />
<br />
* For older GPUs, we supply the proprietary R390 series driver "nvidia390".<br />
<br />
* Unfortunately we are dropping the R340 "nvidia340" driver due to security issues in the NVIDIA binary blob. Several affected GPUs supported by the updated R390 driver will be switched over from R340. Where that does not happen, nouveau will be used. If you see problems try X11 vesa driver; try editing the first boot menu entry and change "xdriver=free" to "xdriver=vesa".<br />
<br />
====== Optimus laptops ======<br />
<br />
Owners of NVIDIA Optimus laptops (integrated Intel graphics processor and discrete NVIDIA GPU) now have three ways to benefit from the power of their discrete GPU:<br />
* The free Nouveau drivers support Prime GPU offloading out of the box, which can be used via the DRI_PRIME=1 environment variable (unless the proprietary NVIDIA driver is in use by, e.g., mageia-prime). Refer to the [https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/Optimus/ Nouveau documentation] to see how to configure Xorg to use NVIDIA Prime with DRI3.<br />
* As in Mageia 7, the [[Bumblebee]] package can be used to bridge the monitor to the NVIDIA GPU, allowing to access its processing power albeit with some overhead.<br />
* A new experimental tool named {{Prog|mageia-prime}} can be used to configure the NVIDIA Prime supported by recent Linux kernels and Xorg servers. It allows to fully switch to using the NVIDIA GPU without the overhead of Bumblebee, and is particularly suited for use with CUDA.<br />
<br />
In all three cases, when configuring the graphics drivers, one must only configure the Intel card (at least in most Optimus configurations), as it is typically the only one physically connected to a monitor.<br />
<br />
==== Bootloaders ====<br />
<br />
* GRUB2 has been updated to [https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/grub.git/tree/NEWS?h=grub-2.04 2.04], with several features & fixes backported from the future 2.06 branch<br />
* For UEFI boot, the [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/ rEFInd boot manager] is now supported as an alternative to GRUB2.<br />
<br />
=== Desktop environments ===<br />
<br />
All the desktop environments mentioned below are included in Mageia's online repositories, and can be installed in parallel on any Mageia 8 system. Some of them are also included on the physical media, LiveDVDs and Classical DVDs, as specified in each section.<br />
<br />
==== Plasma ====<br />
<br />
Plasma, the desktop environment from the KDE community, is provided as version 5.20.4, built on top of Qt 5.15.2 and KDE Frameworks 5.76 and with KDE Applications 20.12.0.<br />
<br />
If you want to try Plasma under '''Wayland''', install plasma-workspace-wayland, and it should appear in your favourite display manager's list of desktop environments at log in.<br />
<br />
Note also that Wayland session with Nvidia's 455 (current) nonfree-drivers is available by making sure that "nokmsboot" is removed and "nouveau.modeset=0" is passed to Kernel command line. - This is provided as Technology Preview for testers.<br />
<br />
The default display manager (DM) for the Plasma environment is the Simple Desktop Display Manager (SDDM).<br />
<br />
If you have '''Compiz''' enabled in Mageia 7, disable it before upgrade, see [[Mageia_8_Errata#Plasma|Errata]].<br />
<br />
Plasma has a specific 64-bit LiveDVD and it can also be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
==== GNOME ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3.38.3 is provided. It now defaults to running on Wayland, but also provides an alternative "GNOME on Xorg" session.<br />
Note that with Nvidia's nonfree drivers, GNOME defaults to start an X11 session.<br />
<br />
For those preferring the GNOME 2 look and feel, GNOME 3 also provides a "Gnome Classic" session.<br />
<br />
GNOME has a specific 64-bit LiveDVD and it can also be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
==== LXDE ====<br />
<br />
The very lightweight GTK+2-based desktop environment is still available and continues to receive improvements from upstream and our Mageia maintainer, even though its community has partly refocused on LXQt.<br />
<br />
LXDE can be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
==== Xfce ====<br />
<br />
[https://www.xfce.org/about/tour416 Xfce 4.16] is provided.<br />
<br />
Xfce has dedicated 32-bit and 64-bit LiveDVDs and it can also be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
==== LXQt ====<br />
<br />
LXQt 0.16.0 is provided.<br />
<br />
LXQt cannot be installed out of the box from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer) due to space constraints on the ISOs.<br />
Online media need to be added to enable more options during the initial installation - this is explained in the [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/software.html#add_supplemental_media installer documentation] (Note: use [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/7/en/content/software.html#add_supplemental_media documentation for release 7] until the new one is ready).<br />
As transparency compositor in combination with openbox, {{Pkg| picom}} replaces {{Pkg| compton}} - [[Mageia_8_Errata#LXQt| may need manual adjustment]].<br />
<br />
==== MATE ====<br />
<br />
MATE 1.24.2 is provided.<br />
<br />
MATE can be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer). Due to DVD space considerations, some applications such as mate-screenshot (screenshot application) are not included in Classical DVD ISO. For a full MATE Desktop experience, users are advised to install {{pkg|task-mate}} package after initial installation.<br />
<br />
==== Cinnamon ==== <br />
<br />
Cinnamon 4.8.3 is provided.<br />
<br />
Cinnamon can be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
==== Enlightenment ====<br />
<br />
The Enlightenment task package comes with E24.2 and Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL) 1.25.1 -- including the Elementary, Evas-generic-loaders and Evas-generic-players packages. Among the highlights of this version is Bluez5 support, an improved screenshot tool, a more flexible music control module, the Evisum system monitor, the now integrated Polkit-EFL authentication agent, and a separate configuration for applications to be loaded when restarting E. For more details on this version, see https://www.enlightenment.org/news/e24.2.<br />
<br />
Of course, Mageia includes E's Econnman UI for the connman connection manager, along with three EFL-based applications: the Terminology advanced terminal emulator, the nimble Ephoto image viewer, and the light-weight Rage video player. As with the prior release, Mageia 8 also offers a Mageia-branded theme as the default.<br />
<br />
For those new or returning to E, startup applications and processes (such as the Mageia Online Applet for update notifications) are not automatically picked up from {{folder|/etc/xdg/autostart}}, but are enabled at startup by going to {{menu|Main menu > Settings > Apps > Startup Applications}} and adding the desired applications and system processes. Applications (only) to be loaded on restarting the DE are handled separately from a list available via {{menu|Main menu > Settings > Apps > Restart Applications}}.<br />
<br />
Enlightenment's system tray, which uses SNI appindicator notifications, is a separate module that must be loaded ({{menu|Main menu > Settings > Modules}}) and added to a shelf (panel), where the Mageia Online Applet and Netapplet will be displayed (when enabled) along with others. Gtk applications with appindicators (e.g., Ubuntu indicator plugin for Pidgin) now have their icons correctly displayed as well.<br />
<br />
Currently, there are two known issues. First, Mageia enables systemd-networkd to manage networking by default. Those who prefer to use connman with the Econnman interface may find it is not always functional (after disabling systemd-networkd and enabling connman.service), perhaps as a result of the default wpa_supplicant configuration. (There is a separate, recently-developed wireless gadget for managing multiple network backends that is not yet included in the Mageia repositories.) Second, restarting E sometimes results in a warning that the Efreet cache was not updated. In general, this can be ignored as it results from a time-out which still seems to be too short for some systems.<br />
<br />
==== Light window managers ====<br />
<br />
You can also keep your Mageia 8 installation even more lightweight, and we provide for this a plethora of small and efficient window managers. You can find afterstep, awesome, dwm, fluxbox, fvwm2, fvwm-crystal, i3, icewm, jwm, matchbox, openbox, pekwm, sugar, swm, and windowmaker. After installation, they appear in the login menu of your display manager.<br />
<br />
===== IceWM =====<br />
<br />
IceWM is installed by default as a backup desktop environment even if you select Plasma or GNOME in the installer. It is also present in all Live ISOs.<br />
<br />
To launch it you select "icewm-session" in the login menu of your display manager.<br />
<br />
=== Office apps ===<br />
<br />
LibreOffice has been updated to 7.0.4.2. See [https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/7.0 official release notes] for details.<br />
<br />
=== Internet apps ===<br />
<br />
'''Iceape''' is dropped, because Seamonkey has not yet been ported to python 3. Note: You need to export content '''before''' upgrading Mageia! For some guiding see {{bug|26593#c14}} and also search internet.<br />
<br />
=== Multimedia apps ===<br />
<br />
Since the last patent expired in April, 2017, mp3 encoding is now available in the core media. Tainted media are still needed for H.264, H.265/HEVC and AAC encoding.<br />
<br />
=== Editors ===<br />
<br />
* Vim has been updated to 8.2.1522<br />
* NeoVim 0.4.4 is also included<br />
<br />
=== Games ===<br />
<br />
In the Mageia community, our love for free software extends to open source games. A huge effort has been made during the Mageia 8 release cycle to package many new games, making Mageia 8 a very good platform for intensive and casual gamers alike. You can check the Mageia App DB to see a list of [http://mageia.madb.org/package/comparison/release/7/withrelease/8/group/78%2C20%2C64%2C10%2C30%2C46%2C109%2C138%2C74%2C1 all the new and updated games in Mageia 8]. The following section will only give some cherry-picked examples for each game category.<br />
<br />
=== Education ===<br />
<br />
Mageia 8 comes with gcompris-qt 1.0 which brings some new activities.<br />
We were [https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/new-unified-graphics-for-gcompris] among the donors in February, 2015, to improve the graphical interface of this very important project.<br />
<br />
=== Software Development ===<br />
<br />
==== Compilers and tools ====<br />
<br />
Glibc has been updated to 2.32.<br />
GCC has been updated to 10.2, GDB to 10.1 and Valgrind to 3.16.1.<br />
LLVM has been updated to 11.0.1.<br />
<br />
Firebird has been updated to 3.0.7<br />
<br />
IPython has been updated to 7.19.<br />
<br />
Most libraries were updated to recent stable versions (long-term support when available), such as Qt 5.15.2 and GTK+ 3.24.24.<br />
GTK4is also provided at version 4.1.0<br />
Tcl/Tk is at version 8.6.10.<br />
<br />
Ocaml has been updated to 4.10<br />
<br />
Java stack has been updated to 11, java 8 is still available but is not the default.<br />
<br />
Mono has been updated to 6.10.<br />
<br />
The MinGW stack has been updated.<br />
<br />
==== Virtualization stack ====<br />
<br />
QEmu has been updated to 5.2.<br />
<br />
libvirt has been updated to 7.0, virt-manager to 3.2.0, libguestfs to 1.44.<br />
<br />
Xen is at version 4.14.<br />
<br />
===== VirtualBox =====<br />
<br />
VirtualBox is at version 6.1.18.<br />
<br />
Note: In 6.1 series, VirtualBox only supports x86_64 hosts. '''An existing 32 bit host [[#With_removal_on_upgrade|will be removed]]!'''<br />
<br />
==== Language stacks ====<br />
<br />
Python 3 has been updated to 3.8.7.<br />
Python 2 is being retired (most python2 modules have already been removed).<br />
<br />
Perl has been updated to 5.32.1.<br />
<br />
Ruby has been updated to 2.7.2.<br />
<br />
Rust is at version 1.49.0. It will be updated during Mageia 8's support life to follow new developments.<br />
<br />
PHP has been updated to 8.0.2, which gives a further performance improvement.<br />
<br />
=== Server applications ===<br />
<br />
==== Nginx ====<br />
<br />
New installation of nginx http server uses "apache" user: Web servers in Mageia are supposed to use the "apache" user created by the {{pkg|webserver-base}} package (which they then need to require). This package no longer use a "nginx" user, fixing {{bug|26183}}.<br />
<br />
==== Nextcloud ====<br />
<br />
At release Mageia 8 will have no Nextcloud server packaged, because version 21 - the first supporting PHP8 - is not released yet.<br />
<br />
On the positive side we provide two paths:<br />
* Nextcloud 21 will be introduced in Mageia 8 backports repository.<br />
* At bottom of [[Nextcloud]] wiki page you find link to instruction for manual installation.<br />
<br />
{{warning|Nextcloud prior to version 21 will not work on Mageia 8 because we drop PHP7.}}<br />
<br />
Mageia 7 came with Nextcloud 15 in {{media|core release}} repository. The Nextcloud installation must not skip a major version! Therefore *before* upgrading to Mageia 8, you have to update Nextcloud first to version 16, then to 17, then to 18, then to 19, then to 20. You find these versions in Mageia 7 {{media|backports}} repository. For each update also make sure you have apps updated (they are updated by using Nextcloud interface) and some are better disabled or uninstalled before each update, then enabled after each, and also verify Nextcloud including all apps works after each update, check logs. Before starting the process it is a very good idea to take backups. Also, see evolving instructions at [[Nextcloud]].<br />
<br />
== Upgrading from Mageia 7 ==<br />
<br />
Upgrading from Mageia 7 is supported, and has been fine-tuned over the past few months.<br />
<br />
Also see [[How_to_choose_the_right_Mageia_upgrade_method|How to choose the right Mageia upgrade method.]]<br />
<br />
{{note|Please also read the Mageia 8 errata chapter [[Mageia_8_Errata#Upgrade_issues|"Upgrade issues"]].}}<br />
<br />
=== Preparations ===<br />
<br />
* Back up any important data.<br />
* Perform a full system update (most importantly rpm and urpmi). <br />
* A '''64 bit system''' must have any '''32 bit development libraries uninstalled''' first. You can identify these by the word "devel" in the name. To know if your system houses such libraries you can use the command: <br />
:{{cmd|<nowiki>rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{version}-%{RELEASE}-%{ARCH}\n" |grep i586 |grep devel</nowiki>}}<br />
* If '''3rd party repositories''', such as Google, have been added during the use of Mageia 7, be sure to make a backup/copy of the {{file|urpmi.cfg}} file located in the {{folder|/etc/urpmi}} directory.<br />
* It is good to free some space, particularly uninstall old kernels.<br />
* Make sure you have a '''task-* package for your favourite desktop''' installed. This ensures no needed packages for the desktop will be missing after the upgrade. Example: {{pkg|task-plasma}}. If you don't need full Plasma set it is {{pkg|task-plasma-minimal}}. Other desktops follow the same scheme, like {{pkg|task-gnome, task-xfce}}, etc, some have the "-minimal" variant too.<br />
<br />
<span style="color:red">'''Not supported'''<br />
* Upgrading directly from Mageia 6. (or earlier releases)<br />
* Using any of the Live images - due to the Live image being copied "as is" to the target system.<br />
* Upgrading a Mageia installation which was '''NOT''' in UEFI, towards a UEFI-mode Mageia 8.<br />
- In these cases, you have to do a fresh installation. (possibly keeping the {{folder|/home}} directory)<br />
<br />
=== Upgrading via the Internet ===<br />
<br />
The Mageia Update notification applet, Mageia Online, '''will notify you''' that a new Mageia release is available, and ask if you wish to upgrade. If you agree, the upgrade will be carried out from within your Mageia installation without any further steps being necessary.<br/><br />
<br />
If you have disabled the applet, or it is not automatically running for some reason, you can upgrade manually either using the GUI ({{cmd|mgaonline}}) or the CLI ({{cmd|urpmi}}/{{cmd|dnf system-upgrade}}). Each method is outlined below.<br />
<br />
Fully update your system and check you have enough free space before starting the upgrade. At least 2 GB, depending on your configuration - see Note and safe method at [[#Upgrading_online.2C_using_urpmi_.28CLI.29|Upgrading online, using urpmi (CLI)]] below.<br />
<br />
{{Note|Use a wired internet connection if possible, especially when you're using nonfree wlan drivers.}}<br />
<br />
==== Upgrading online, using mgaonline (GUI) ====<br />
<br />
# Ensure any screen lockers have been disabled.<br />
# Use Mageia Online icon in the system tray to start the upgrade.<br />
<br />
'''- If it does not offer the upgrade:'''<br />
* Make sure that your system is fully up-to-date by [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/software-management.html#MageiaUpdate applying all available updates.] (Note: use [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/7/en/content/software-management.html#MageiaUpdate documentation for release 7] until the new one is ready)<br />
* In Mageia Control Center - Software Management - Configure Updates Frequency, make sure that the option [https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/8/en/content/software-management.html#mgaapplet-config "Check for newer default releases"] (Note: use [https://doc.mageia.org/imcc/7/en/content/software-management.html#mgaapplet-config documentation for release 7] until the new one is ready) is selected.<br />
* Look in your home folder for a hidden directory, {{Folder|.MgaOnline}}. If there is a file {{file|mgaonline}} in that directory, then delete that file.<br />
<br />
After a reboot, the blue upgrade icon should appear when Mageia Online next checks for updates. - If Mageia 7 has reached EOL, it will be orange and show a pop-up warning that Mageia 7 is no longer supported. <br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can launch the upgrade process by entering the following in a terminal:<br />
<br />
{{Console|<nowiki>su -c 'mgaapplet-upgrade-helper --new_distro_version=8'</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It will notify you of the availability of the new Mageia 8 distribution, configure Mageia media sources and start the migration.<br />
<br />
==== Upgrading online, using urpmi (CLI) ====<br />
<br />
This method is useful when the root partition is encrypted as the booted system is already decrypting the partition.<br />
<br />
There are multiple ways of getting a Command Line Interface (CLI).<br />
<br />
The best method for performing an upgrade is to use run-level 3 so that the X server and graphical environment is not running.<br />
<br />
Therefore, the upgrade should be cleaner using run-level 3 than using a terminal application as fewer programs are running which could potentially mess up the upgrade.<br />
<br />
If you have dnf installed, you will have to stop the dnf makecache timer, because it causes a crash of urpmi when run during the upgrade. The commands are included below. See {{bug|25072}}.<br />
<br />
Run-level 3 can be enabled by appending "3" to the kernel command line by editing it at boot and to get then a login prompt. Other option is to use the command:<br />
{{cmd|systemctl isolate multi-user.target}}<br />
<br />
It is recommended to run "script upgrade_log.txt" before launching the next commands to capture the upgrade messages just in case a failure occurs. The messages will be written in {{file|upgrade_log.txt}} file. Use "exit" to quit out of "script".<br />
<br />
Here are the general upgrade steps:<br />
<br />
* Become root in a terminal<br />
{{user to root|_}}<br />
{{warning|From this point all the commands are executed as root}}<br />
* As recommended previously, be sure your system is updated<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* Disable dnf makecache (this step can be skipped when dnf is not installed)<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.service}}<br />
:{{cmd|systemctl stop dnf-makecache.timer && systemctl daemon-reload}}<br />
* Remove all of the existing media sources on your system by executing this command:<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}}<br />
* Add the Mageia 8 online sources, either:<br />
** Using the MIRRORLIST method (which will select a mirror automatically based on your geographical location):<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.8.$ARCH.list'}}<br />
*:(urpmi knows what to substitute for $ARCH)<br />
** Using a specific media mirror:<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib <mirror_url>}}<br />
*:You can get the mirror_url using the [http://mirrors.mageia.org/distrib Mageia mirrors web application].<br />
* Finally start upgrading: <br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force}}<br />
* It's best to run the above command twice because in the first run some packages may be downloaded but not installed.<br />
<br />
{{Note|It is often a good idea, when you have more than enough free disk space, to test the upgrade before carrying it out. <br><br />
With this command: {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all --test}} all the packages are downloaded and the 'upgrade' is only a simulation. This needs a lot of free space before starting the test - like more than 2GB free space on {{folder|/var}} partition ({{folder|/}} if you have no {{folder|/var}}). (If you have several large desktops and many programs you may need more - if only a lightweight desktop, less.) If you have space on another partition, you can specify the destination of downloaded files by adding a path pointing to this partition after the {{cmd|--download-all}} keyword.<br><br />
If the result is good, then upgrade for real with the command {{cmd|urpmi --auto-update --auto --force --download-all}} (same but without --test). Add also the path of downloaded files if specified previously.<br />
If the result is not good, restore the Mageia 7 repositories with {{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}} and {{cmd|<nowiki>urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.7.$ARCH.list'</nowiki>}} like above, and clean the cache by issuing {{cmd|urpmi --clean}}.}}<br />
<br />
==== Upgrading online, using DNF (CLI) ====<br />
<br />
If you're using (or now change to use) DNF for software management (configured appropriately per [[Using DNF|our wiki page on using DNF]]), you can upgrade Mageia in just a few steps. Note all commands must be run as root.<br />
<br />
# Ensure you're fully up to date: {{cmd|dnf --refresh upgrade}}<br />
# Install the system-upgrade plugin: {{cmd|dnf install 'dnf-command(system-upgrade)'}}<br />
# Start it: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade --releasever 8 download --allowerasing}}.<br />
## It will ask before downloading packages, and tell how much space is required. If you do not have what it says plus a couple of hundred MB free space on {{folder|/var}} partition ''(if {{folder|/var}} is not separate but part of {{folder|/}} partition, add another couple hundred MB)'', then either make enough space or add the option {{cmd|--downloaddir path_to_directory_with_free_space}} to this and the next system-upgrade commands. Also, if you have a separate {{folder|/boot}} partition make sure it has space for adding [[Mageia_8_Errata#Upgrade_using_DNF|two]] kernels. Also make sure {{folder|/}} have additional room for the larger new programs.<br />
## When you know all kinds of space is enough, say yes to let it download. It will also dry run a transaction test.<br />
# If the downloading and transaction test succeeded, <br />
## Save your work, and close applications!<br />
## Trigger the upgrade: {{cmd|dnf system-upgrade reboot}} <span style="color:red">'''/!\ NOTE:''' '' This immediately reboots your system! '' '''/!\''' </span><br />
<br />
''Now enjoy some beverage while looking at the bubbles on our boot splash - and above it, messages what is happening. When done, it will reboot to let you enjoy your new Mageia.''<br />
<br />
=== Using the traditional Mageia 8 DVD to Upgrade ===<br />
<br />
You can use the traditional (so, non-Live) Mageia 8 DVD to do clean installs, but also to upgrade from Mageia 7.<br />
<br />
To upgrade:<br />
<br />
* Download the ISO from the Mageia [http://mageia.org/8/ download page] and burn it on a DVD, or dump it on a USB stick. For more details, have a look at this [[Installation_Media|Available installation media article]].<br />
* Boot the DVD and make sure it booted in the same mode (legacy/BIOS or UEFI) as Mageia 7 was installed in.<br />
* Select "Install Mageia 8" from the GRUB (the bootloader) menu.<br />
* Select the [http://doc.mageia.org/installer/8/en/content/selectInstallClass.html upgrade] (Note: use [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/7/en/content/selectInstallClass.html documentation for release 7] until the new one is ready) option.<br />
<br />
'''It is recommended that the online repositories be set up during the upgrade as the DVD only includes a subset of the complete set of Mageia online repositories.'''<br />
This is especially important if you use important 32-bit packages in an otherwise 64-bit install, because the 64-bit ISO will only contain the 64-bit packages, so the upgrade is likely to fail if you do not add online repositories.<br />
<br />
Moreover, it is possible that a particular Mageia 7 installation may have received an update to a later version of software than that available on the ISO. When this happens, an upgrade may fail to complete. At the time the ISOs are tested, it is impossible to anticipate which Mageia 7 packages may be updated in the future, so offline upgrades (i.e., upgrades attempted without setting up the online repositories) are not supported. <br />
<br />
On the first reboot, use the command '{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update}}' to make [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5687 sure] all packages were updated.<br />
<br />
==== Upgrading an encrypted install ====<br />
<br />
Firstly, on the running Mageia 7 system:<br />
<br />
* Remove unnecessary kernels, and big programs you do not need.<br />
* Perform a full update.<br />
* Make a note of which media are used, and have been used (Are any tainted enabled? If it is a 64-bit system, are any 32-bit media enabled?).<br />
* Make a note of which partitions are used, and their mount points.<br />
<br />
Then prepare and boot the traditional installer as described above, and:<br />
<br />
* Select install, select language, accept the licence, select country, select keyboard, custom partitioning.<br />
* Click your encrypted partitions, select ''Use'' and enter your key.<br />
* If it is LVM a new tab containing the LV partitions appears.<br />
* Assign the mount points for all needed partitions except ''swap'' (as per your notes as above, or judge from partitions name, size, and type. Don't forget the {{folder|/boot}} outside of the encrypted LVM!).<br />
* IMPORTANT: After clicking ''Next'' make sure to deselect formatting of all partitions! Or, if you want a fresh system but wish to keep user data: format {{folder|/boot}}, {{folder|/}} and any {{folder|/usr}} {{folder|/tmp}} etc you might have, but NOT {{folder|/home}}.<br />
* You should enable all media repositories (using your notes as above) corresponding to those used in your previous Mageia installation - except backports.<br />
* As with a nonencrypted install, it is recommended that the online repositories be set up, including relevant update repositories.<br />
<br />
== Known issues ==<br />
<br />
=== User action needed ===<br />
''User actions needed that are not described elsewhere on this page nor in Errata.''<br />
<br />
==== VeraCrypt ====<br />
<br />
After upgrade to Mageia 8, VeraCrypt does not work with sudo as before. {{Bug|28001}}<br />
<br />
Since [https://github.com/veracrypt/VeraCrypt/releases/tag/VeraCrypt_1.24-Update2 veracrypt-1.24u2] you have to add the command line switch '--use-dummy-sudo-password' when starting VeraCrypt to get the old behaviour with sudo. See also [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1906246#p1906246 Arch Linux] forum.<br />
<br />
=== Bugs ===<br />
<br />
See the [[Mageia_8_Errata|Errata page]].<br />
<br />
==== Bug reporting ====<br />
<br />
We have a [https://bugs.mageia.org/ bug tracker]. Before reporting any bugs, please read the [[Mageia_8_Errata| Errata]] and also search the bug tracker to see if the issue is already reported. - If it is, then maybe you can add valuable information, or help testing a proposed update. To contribute, you need a Mageia account, which you can create at https://identity.mageia.org/. If you don't know, see [[Bugzilla#How-to_report_a_bug| how to report a bug]].<br />
<br />
You are also welcome to our [https://forums.mageia.org Forum]. For the development phase visit the section "Testing : Alpha, Beta, RC and Cauldron".<br />
<br />
== Packages removed from the distribution ==<br />
<br />
=== Without removal on upgrade ===<br />
<br />
The following packages have been removed from the distribution. They won't be affected by the upgrade process, they should continue to work, but won't receive any support anymore if they don't. Moreover, they won't receive any updates anymore, which means they are likely to get outdated from upstream versions first, and potentially get exposed to security issues second. You should probably switch to an upstream version, but that's your own decision.<br />
<br />
The category contains the following packages:<br />
* GLPI and its previously packaged extensions<br />
* galette<br />
* Nextcloud ([[#Nextcloud|temporarily]])<br />
<br />
=== With removal on upgrade ===<br />
<br />
The following packages have been removed from the distribution and marked as obsolete in the task-obsolete package: they will be removed by the upgrade process.<br />
<br />
This category contains the following packages, alphabetically:<br />
<br />
* [[#Internet_apps|Iceape]]<br />
* {{pkg|kde-rootactions-servicemenu}} is removed as it is unmaintained upstream and have issues.<br />
* {{prog|Mailman}} because it has security issues, and need python2. Unfortunately we have no Mailman 3 yet. [https://www.gnu.org/software/mailman/ Upstream] list installation instructions and a Docker container [https://docs.mailman3.org/en/latest/install/install.html here.]<br />
* [[#Proprietary_NVIDIA_driver|nvidia340]] driver packages.<br />
* {{prog|PlayOnLinux}}, because it is upstreams not ported to Python3. Alternatives see [[Ways_to_install_programs#Running_MSWindows_programs|Running MSWindows programs]] and [[Ways_to_install_programs#Game_environments_.28and_some_apps_too.29|Game_environments]].<br />
* [[#VirtualBox|VirtualBox]] 32 bit host.<br />
* {{pkg|youtube-dl-gui}} (Python2). Suggested alternatives: [https://github.com/oleksis/youtube-dl-gui the Python3 port], or {{pkg|tartube}}.<br />
* ...<br />
{{...}}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Managing_the_website&diff=50716Managing the website2021-03-01T01:46:54Z<p>Filip: /* _r() */ added instructions for change of order of placeholders</p>
<hr />
<div>= Read this first =<br />
<br />
The website (www.mageia.org) does not depend on a particular framework. It has evolved from scratch from the early first pages. While it may be useful (and perhaps even necessary) to migrate this very www.m.o to a more structured, documented and maintained foundation, one must first understand [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Atelier_Webteam#Current_apps_.26_sites the whole set of websites], how they relate to each other, how their management differs and how they can be unified somehow through a common top navigation scheme and identity.<br />
<br />
It is very slow, ongoing work: improving the existing code, that does not disrupt, but improves on the existing management of the site, codenamed Pinq. It may, or not, be a good path to follow.<br />
<br />
You might want to check [[Website documentation]] and [[Atelier Webteam]] too.<br />
<br />
= Structure of the website =<br />
<br />
== Code & config ==<br />
<br />
You can check out the code from:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] clone mga:web/www<br />
<br />
The _nav folder is now a submodule, so after cloning change into the www folder and run:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] submodule update --init<br />
<br />
Config is done in:<br />
<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/manifests/init.pp<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_www.conf<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_static.conf<br />
<br />
== Where should new content go ==<br />
<br />
In '''en/path-to-your-content'''. And please [[#How_to_create.2Fedit_translatable_content_for_the_website|regenerate translatable content for the website]] too.<br />
<br />
== Organization: (too) many directories ==<br />
<br />
* '''root redirection''' ones: 1, 2, 3, community, about, contribute, donate, downloads, map, migrate, support: they are there only to redirect to the same directory, in the right locale. For instance, HTTP GET http://mageia.org/about/ with Spanish as a preferred language will redirect you to http://mageia.org/es/about/ => can be improved with a redirection rule in the .htaccess<br />
* '''locale-based''' ones: en, fr, es, ru, etc. Contain locale-specific content. Actually, now, the main content is written and localized in the en/ one. All other contain (or must contain) symbolic links to their English equivalent except for really locale-specific content, which translation is better managed by a totally separate document.<br />
* '''g''': stores all site static assets: stylesheets, javascript, images.<br />
* '''langs''': stores all localization stuff<br />
<br />
* '''_nav''': local copy of [https://nav.mageia.org/ nav.mageia.org] code<br />
* '''lib''': contains various libraries<br />
* '''var''': technical area<br />
* '''tools''': various scripts to manage some contents on the site<br />
<br />
* '''langs.inc.php''': defines managed locales, redirections and i18n utilities<br />
* '''langs.php''': (very misnamed legacy) a kind of a first include to call before all pages<br />
* '''app.php''', '''apps''', '''lib/pinq''': part of a future change in how the website is served (let's tag this as #Pinq as it is the prefix for the related code)<br />
* '''en/downloads''', '''lib/Downloads.php''', '''lib/cached.list.php''', '''lib/mga_geoip.php''', '''lib/maxmind''' are related to the downloads pages on the site<br />
<br />
= Code Style Tips =<br />
<br />
== Local Links ==<br />
<br />
Please use relative local links that are i18n friendly. Use of hreflang="en" is not preferable in this case as users expect next web page in the same language anyway.<br />
<br />
YES: <code><a href="../donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></code><br />
<br />
NO: <code><del><a href="/en/donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></del></code><br />
<br />
== Wiki Links ==<br />
<br />
One suggestion for Wiki links: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Release notes</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Another possibility: <code><nowiki><li><?php _g('<a href="%s">Release notes</a>', array('https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes'))?></li></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Example of translation for both cases in French: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
or, when that wiki page is translated: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_:_Notes_de_Version_-_FR">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<br />
Please use both tags and make them translatable for alt and title in <img> tag like:<br />
<br />
<code><img src="/g/media/covers/3/Mga3_Live_DVD_64_KDE.png" alt="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>" title="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>"></code><br />
<br />
== i18n helpers ==<br />
<br />
=== _r() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''capture''' a translated string with sprintf() for example.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_t()</code> and <code>_d()</code> but does not append space by default. <br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
/**<br />
* Returns a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* it can append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Note that it trims {ok} for translations equal to original too.<br />
*<br />
* Use it when you need to capture the string to output.<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
* echo _r("Hello!", ' ') . _r("How are you?")<br />
* which should return translated: Hello! How are you?<br />
*<br />
* change order of placeholders<br />
* sprintf(_r('<a href=%1$s>Mageia %2$s</a> updated to %3$s.'), '"../8/"', '8', _r('8.1'))<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param string $sufix append (usually space)<br />
*<br />
* @return string translated to current locale<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
=== _g() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''print''' a translated string or a string wrapped into a HTML element.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_e()</code> and <code>_h()</code> but does not append space by default. It also doesn't add <nowiki><p></nowiki> tag by default as <code>_h()</code> does.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
/**<br />
* Higher level function for _r() to echo a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* used also to wrap the translation with HTML tags<br />
* it can also append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
*_g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation<br />
*<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %d!', array(5), 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* OR for only one member of array:<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %s!', 5, 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* will both echo blue link<br />
*<br />
* _g("Hey there.", null, ' '); _g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation: Hey there. How are you?<br />
*<br />
* Return boolean.<br />
* Do not exit the process.<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param array OR string $args for vsprintf/sprintf<br />
* @param string $tag_or_space HTML tag or space to append<br />
*<br />
* @return null<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
= Website and Internationalisation (i18n) =<br />
<br />
The translation of Mageia's website is now managed through templates called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext gettext PO] files. A comprehensive guide to the structure of PO files can be found in [http://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html the official GNU Gettext manual].<br />
The following sections will explain how to create/edit content for the website that can be localised, how to generate the gettext PO files using our scripts, and how to adapt the website for a new locale. Convenient report about i18n progress is available [http://www.mageia.org/langs/report.php here].<br />
<br />
== How to add a new locale to the website ==<br />
<br />
Say your new locale is named LOCALE and has the code LL.<br />
<br />
Required:<br />
* add LL and LOCALE to <code>$langs</code> in <code>/_nav/lib.php</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/_nav/lib.php?id=052f3de401d8859df615c8f92fb2fc7ff5ccc98d Albanian language]).<br />
* create an LL directory for it at the root of the website; add symbolic links inside it. A quick solution is to copy an existing locale (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=941e7a16ef434e310cafb50789f9472048edc6a1 Indonesian ]).<br />
* create a directory structure <code>langs/LL</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=99aa17ac98e36ed19808967c0f2cf0e05751e847 Indonesian ]) or copy it from transifex in CLI: <code>tx pull -l LL</code>. Note that you need to <code>cd into ./langs</code> first.<br />
<br />
= How to create/edit translatable content for the website =<br />
<br />
Example of a procedure (CLI commands are executed from your local already cloned git root of www.mageia.org):<br />
* Refresh from [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/ git].<br />
git pull<br />
* Modify all pages you need for that change. Use suitable [[#i18n_helpers| string helpers]] in each particular case.<br />
* Run [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script] (''msgmerge'' & ''polib'' tools are needed, it's rpms: ''gettext'' ''python-polib'') to recreate all gettext catalogs. Repair errors reported from the script if any. Note that you need to restore target pot file(s) before you can rebuild it/them.<br />
urpmi gettext python-polib # install them as root if needed (only once)<br />
./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh # if you need to rebuild the target file first run git checkout langs/en/target.pot<br />
* Check the success of the script locally in the non English language if you know any.<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|Commit and push]] to git.<br />
git commit -m "page mga 5"<br />
git push<br />
* Please check the success of target page(s) on [https://www.mageia.org www.mageia.org] too! Note that commit doesn't come live instantly but within 5 minutes.<br />
* It's nice to translators if you push changed pot files directly to Transifex (cauldron in this example)<br />
tx push --source --resource=mageia.page-cauldron<br />
tx push --translations --language=your_language_code --resource=mageia.page-cauldron # if you want to push your language also<br />
<br />
= Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) =<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/get/definitions.ini' which contains info about file that can be downloaded via mirror<br />
:* to complete this you could use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/ fidd]. It will create a text.ini that can be copied & pasted to the previous one<br />
:* update netinstall for cauldron iso name (optionally md5 - sha1sum and others too {)<br />
<br />
*Adding directories and copy files from old ones<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
mkdir 7<br />
cp 6/* 7/<br />
./tools/create_new_release_link.sh<br />
<br />
*update 'en/$version/download_index.php' <br />
:* $release set the release (alpha1/beta2/rc)<br />
:* $torrentavailable is a boolean, if torrents are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $classical is a boolean, if classical install are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $live is a boolean, if LiveCD/DVDs are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $dual is a boolean, if DualArch iso is available set it to true, if not to false<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/alternative/index.php'<br />
:* refresh $current and $cauldron variables<br />
<br />
*update cached mirror list if needed 'lib/cached.list.php'<br />
:* in the file 'lib/Downloads.php line 180 "$test_file = $item['url'].'/iso/5/torrents/Mageia-5-LiveDVD-KDE4-x86_64-DVD.torrent';" updates the file to have last inside repo:<br />
:* run php tools/update-mirrors-list.php<br />
:* it will update [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib all cached.lists] especially cached.list.php which has all mirrors (taken from [http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.5.i586.list api from mirror.mageia.org]) that have the specified file, and removing others without it<br />
<br />
*update also other web pages connected with the release of a new version:<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/ http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/support/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/support/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/map/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/map/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/timeline/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/timeline/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/about/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/about/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/4/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/4/] (release version - 1 page)<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/5/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/5/] (release version page)<br />
<br />
*refresh i18n<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
:* copy modified following line to tools/web_projects.dat<br />
resources[7]="en/7/download_index.php en/7/nav.php en/7/index.php"<br />
:* run ./tools/move_i1n8n_release.sh to create l10n files for translators<br />
:* Run ./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script<br />
:* add release to langs/.tx/config file<br />
<br />
= doc.mageia.org =<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding pdf and epub files for download ==<br />
<br />
* ftp part - semiautomated way<br />
:* Adjust release, pdf_dir and epub_dir variables in [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/doc/tree/mageia_doc_binaries.sh script].<br />
:* Run it with ./path/to/script/mageia_doc_binaries.sh "/mirror/dir_name/" "/local_git/dir_name/"<br />
:* Manually add and modify output to [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
:* recheck [http://gitweb.mageia.org/artwork/general/tree/doc_binaries_for_website git] result and push it<br />
:* ask sysadmins nicely to copy from there to [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/doc/ mirrors]<br />
<br />
* ftp part - manual way<br />
:* Prepare local directory structure like [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/people/marcom/ existing one].<br />
:* Copy the files inside with the proper names (''./doc/mgaXX/pdf|epub/installer|mcc|draklive/MageiaXX-DrakX|MCC-lang.pdf|epub''). Directory structure and filenames must be like that so that DL works.<br />
:* Add date.txt file (suggestion: echo Mageia XX > date.txt && LC_ALL=C date >> date.txt) in the ''./doc/mgaXX/'' so the mirrors can be checked later.<br />
:* Now upload all of them to the marcom ftp space.<br />
:* Allow the mirrors at least a few hours to propagate the files.<br />
* www.mageia.org part<br />
:* First [[#Updating working mirrors caching lists|update mirrors list files]] as shown bellow.<br />
:* Add/modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/doc/index.php ''./en/doc/index.php''] to include links [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/en/doc/index.php?id=62ae825edfd34c1dedc76cb9e556c80391f317c5 like before]. Use appropriate names and dash as a separator.<br />
:* Manually modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding html documentation files and pictures ==<br />
<br />
# download an archive from docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/<manual>/<language>/ (you can use script [https://gitweb.mageia.org/web/doc/tree/ autodownload.py] for that or a wget command; for aexample: wget --directory-prefix=./draklive/ --timestamping --no-host-directories --recursive --no-directories --no-parent --accept zip http://docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/draklive/)<br />
# store it anywhere else than your git clone of the documentation repository<br />
# make sure your git clone is up to date and has no uncommitted changes<br />
# in a terminal go into your git clone root and run:<br />
#: ''python3 update_manual.py <manual_name> <release> <language> <archive_path_and_name>''<br />
#; '''this script should:'''<br />
#* check for differences between your git clone for this manual in this release and language,<br />
#* unzip the archive in your git clone,<br />
#* move the common folder if it's an English manual, remove it if not,<br />
#* fix the links to the common folder in the html files,<br />
#* fix the links of missing images (add link to EN ones)<br />
#* and execute the "git add" and "git rm" commands.<br />
# check locally that the manual seems fine<br />
# run git commit to store this new version<br />
# go back to step 1 for the next archive<br />
# git push at the end<br />
<br />
For each manual/release, English should be done first.<br />
<br />
= Git memento =<br />
<br />
== Navigation bar ==<br />
<br />
Inside git, the repository of nav bar is a bit particular. Previously on the svn, there were<br />
two of them. One in web/www/_nav and the other in web/nav. Since the conversion to git, _nav is now a <br />
sub-module, so the previous way to do this has changed.<br />
<br />
When you check out a fresh clone you will need to initialize the nav submodule from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git submodule update --init <br />
<br />
If content changes in the master repository nav folder, you will need to update your clone to reflect the changes:<br />
git submodule update<br />
<br />
Once that is done, change into the _nav folder and pull in any changes there (assuming you're already in the clone's www folder):<br />
cd _nav<br />
git checkout master<br />
git pull<br />
<br />
Now you can edit any files in _nav. <br />
<br />
After making changes, commit and push your changes to the nav submodule, then go back to the www folder:<br />
git commit<br />
git push<br />
cd ..<br />
<br />
Finish committing and push from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git add _nav<br />
git commit -m "Update _nav submodule to latest git" _nav<br />
git show<br />
git push<br />
<br />
:"''This feels wrong as you're adding a folder, but really you're telling www git repo to'' '''add''' ''a reference to the current master commit of the'' '''nav''' ''git repo.''" -- comment from Colin<br />
<br />
If you only need to sync your clone with the latest nav submodule:<br />
git submodule update && cd _nav && git checkout master && git pull && cd ..<br />
<br />
= Updating working mirrors caching lists =<br />
:* Use ''php ./tools/update-mirrors-list.php'' in CLI from the git clone root location to update and then push [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list.php''./lib/cached.list.php''], [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_doc.php''./lib/cached.list_doc.php''] and [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''./lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''] mirrors list files.<br />
<br />
= Options for deleting feed and navigation cache =<br />
<br />
Option for deleting feed cache if blog posts are not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_feed_cache=1<br />
<br />
Option for deleting navigation cache if pages in one language are blank or not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_nav_cache=1<br />
<br />
= Testing tools =<br />
<br />
== TODO ==<br />
<br />
Improve and document tools:<br />
[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/README.md fidd]<br />
php lib/t/00_downloads.t<br />
php lib/t/01_mga_geoip.t<br />
php lib/t/02_downloads_definitions.t<br />
php lib/t/03_lang_redirection.t<br />
<br />
[[Atelier team|Return to the '''Atelier team'''.]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Atelier]]<br />
[[Category:Doc]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_8_Development&diff=47326Mageia 8 Development2020-06-04T07:33:56Z<p>Filip: Undo revision 47324 by S3b974 (talk) as there is no public release yet</p>
<hr />
<div>{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 8 Entwicklung-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia_8_Development|English]] ; [[Mageia 8 Desarrollo|Español]] ; [[Mageia_8_Développement-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia_8_Desenvolvimento-pt|Portuguese (Portugal)]]}}<br />
<br />
<br />
This is the page for Mageia 8 development.<br />
<br />
== Current status ==<br />
The estimated release dates listed hereafter are '''only indicative''', and are bound to change depending on the progress of fixing release blocker bugs.<br />
<br />
{{Note|We "Release when ready"!}}<br />
<br />
== Development Schedule ==<br />
{| style="color:black; cellpadding="5%" cellpadding="5%" cellspacing="0" border="1"<br />
! Stage <br />
! Estimated date <br />
! Public <br />
! Released on<br />
|- <br />
| '''Alpha 1'''<br />
| 13 June<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 1'''<br />
| 27 June<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 2'''<br />
| 11 July<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
|<br />
|- <br />
| Versions freeze<br />
| 18 July<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| '''Release Candidate 1'''<br />
| 1 August<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|- <br />
| Release freeze<br />
| 16 August<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| '''Release Candidate 2'''<br />
| 1 September<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|- <br />
| '''[[Mageia_8_Release_Notes|Final Release]]'''<br />
| 18 September<br />
| developers, anyone<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Technical Specifications ==<br />
<br />
See [[FeatureMageia8_Review| Mageia 8 specifications]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mageia_development]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 8]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=PeopleInterestedInMageiaOnARM&diff=47313PeopleInterestedInMageiaOnARM2020-05-30T22:09:30Z<p>Filip: type fix</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Mageia development]]<br />
=== People interested in having Mageia on ARM devices ===<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! mageia identity<br />
! arch (v4, v5, v7,...)<br />
! chip brand<br />
! device<br />
! testing availability (no/basic/full/develop)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"| alien<br />
| v5<br />
| Marvell<br />
| QNAP NAS<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| v7hf<br />
| QualComm<br />
| Jolla phone<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| barjac<br />
| v5; v6<br />
| Samsung ?; Broadcom BCM2836 <br />
| Raspberry-Pi 1 & 2<br />
| basic, learning - interested in SDR applications.<br />
|-<br />
| malo<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| Raspberry Pi<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| Umeaboy<br />
| v7l <br> v7l<br />
| Exynos 3110 1GHz <br> Exynos 4412 Quad 1.4GHz<br />
| Samsung Galaxy Tab P1000 <br> Samsung Galaxy S3 LTE (a.k.a i9305)<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| shelandy<br />
| v7 <br> v7rh<br />
| wondermedia 8950 (http://www.wondermedia.com.tw/en/products/platform/soc/wm8950/index.jsp) <br> Allwinner_A20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allwinner_A20)<br />
| VIA APC Rock (http://apc.io/products/rock/)<br> Banana Pi (http://www.bananapi.org/)<br />
| basic (a little bit more, enough to let me run lpmt, processing, puredata .... on top of it)<br />
|-<br />
| kamil<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| Rasberry Pi B<br />
| basic,learning<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|stewb<br />
| v51<br />
| Feroceon-KW<br />
| Pogoplug (2, currently running mageia ARM in chroots for services in parallel with standard pogoplug behavior)<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| v61<br />
| BCM2708<br />
| Raspberry Pi<br />
| basic, possibly full/develop (board on order, intent is headless backup/file/media server but I have hdmi TV's I could hook it to)<br />
|-<br />
|wally<br />
|v6l<br />
|BCM2708<br />
|Raspberry Pi<br />
|basic, possibly full/develop (after purchasing second one)<br />
|-<br />
| xboxboy<br />
| v7<br />
| Samsung Exynos 5 Dual Core (Cortex A15; 1.7GHz cpu) (http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconductor/product/application/detail?productId=7668)<br />
| Samsung Chromebook (http://www.google.com/intl/en/chrome/devices/samsung-chromebook.html#ss-cb)<br />
| basic (a little bit more, willing to learn and be guided, running ubuntu through chroot currently)<br />
|-<br />
| tv<br />
| v5; v6<br />
| BCM2708<br />
| Raspberry Pi<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|marja<br />
| v6l<br />
| BCM2708<br />
| Raspberry Pi<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| v7l<br />
| QCT MSM8930 CDP<br />
| Jolla phone<br />
| not yet (not before AL13N tested successfully on his phone)<br />
|-<br />
| Jybz<br />
| v7<br />
| AllWinner A20 Soc<br />
| Banana Pro<br />
| no (need Mga for Banana Pro first)<br />
|-<br />
| markvnl<br />
| v7, v8<br />
| BCM2837, BCM2711 _and_ <br>everything booting mainline-{uboot kernel} <br />
| Raspberry PI 3(+),4 + many<br />
| basic, development <br> an experimental image specific for RPI3(+),4 armv8 (aarch64) available at https://github.com/markVnl/Mageia_SBC<br />
|-<br />
| filip<br />
| v7, v8<br />
| BCM2837, BCM2711<br />
| Raspberry PI 3B+,4 (4GB)<br />
| apache, mysql, file backup server, X<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Ref: [https://web.archive.org/web/20130528125711/http://stewbenedict.org/mageia-arm-pogo.html Mageia ARM chroot on PogoPlug]<br />
<br />
=== questions for rtp ===<br />
* what versions is supported: v5 and higher? (do other versions need different compiling?)<br />
* what is the status of the basis system?<br />
* can it run in qemu?<br />
* can there be a flashable image?<br />
* can we have a tiny howto install? (not chrooted)<br />
* any idea what is needed to integrate with iurt?<br />
* is there a mass arm-rebuild planned?<br />
<br />
=== answers ===<br />
* v5 and higher is supported, all should work with this, (except for drivers)<br />
* if v5 is ready, v7hf might be targeted, since it would have considerable speed-improvement<br />
* the easiest way is to use a chrooted setup<br />
* flashable images is not doable, cause each device would need it's own image, we would need alot of people and devices<br />
* however, some chips have enough available drivers (sometimes nonfree) to make it, but it has to be exactly right, or you'll have some problems and it is advised to have a dev cable, so that a monitor and serial connection can be done.<br />
* Raspberri pi... this could be quite difficult, it would likely work with v7hf images, except when floating point instructions are executed, or v7 specific instructions, the v5 might work, if we can get all the nonfree drivers, but it would be very very slow.<br />
* qemu is possible and rtp has mga1 build for it, however, if you have it working for qemu, it might still fail for real, because qemu isn't memory aligned, like all the ARM's need it.<br />
* atm, rtp is building packages for arm, but he's waiting until some basic packages are fixed to be able to continue... kernel, etc... (so he's kind of stuck here)<br />
* for the moment, we will need to wait until at least the basis is compiled<br />
* in the mean time, keep in mind that <b><u>IF</u></b> you have upgraded dependency versions in i586 or x86_64, because it fails otherwise, make sure to add the version specifics to the spec file. this will make sure the ARM build can be alot faster...</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=PeopleInterestedInMageiaOnARM&diff=47312PeopleInterestedInMageiaOnARM2020-05-30T22:08:28Z<p>Filip: adding myself</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Mageia development]]<br />
=== People interested in having Mageia on ARM devices ===<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! mageia identity<br />
! arch (v4, v5, v7,...)<br />
! chip brand<br />
! device<br />
! testing availability (no/basic/full/develop)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"| alien<br />
| v5<br />
| Marvell<br />
| QNAP NAS<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| v7hf<br />
| QualComm<br />
| Jolla phone<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| barjac<br />
| v5; v6<br />
| Samsung ?; Broadcom BCM2836 <br />
| Raspberry-Pi 1 & 2<br />
| basic, learning - interested in SDR applications.<br />
|-<br />
| malo<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| Raspberry Pi<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| Umeaboy<br />
| v7l <br> v7l<br />
| Exynos 3110 1GHz <br> Exynos 4412 Quad 1.4GHz<br />
| Samsung Galaxy Tab P1000 <br> Samsung Galaxy S3 LTE (a.k.a i9305)<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| shelandy<br />
| v7 <br> v7rh<br />
| wondermedia 8950 (http://www.wondermedia.com.tw/en/products/platform/soc/wm8950/index.jsp) <br> Allwinner_A20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allwinner_A20)<br />
| VIA APC Rock (http://apc.io/products/rock/)<br> Banana Pi (http://www.bananapi.org/)<br />
| basic (a little bit more, enough to let me run lpmt, processing, puredata .... on top of it)<br />
|-<br />
| kamil<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| Rasberry Pi B<br />
| basic,learning<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|stewb<br />
| v51<br />
| Feroceon-KW<br />
| Pogoplug (2, currently running mageia ARM in chroots for services in parallel with standard pogoplug behavior)<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| v61<br />
| BCM2708<br />
| Raspberry Pi<br />
| basic, possibly full/develop (board on order, intent is headless backup/file/media server but I have hdmi TV's I could hook it to)<br />
|-<br />
|wally<br />
|v6l<br />
|BCM2708<br />
|Raspberry Pi<br />
|basic, possibly full/develop (after purchasing second one)<br />
|-<br />
| xboxboy<br />
| v7<br />
| Samsung Exynos 5 Dual Core (Cortex A15; 1.7GHz cpu) (http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconductor/product/application/detail?productId=7668)<br />
| Samsung Chromebook (http://www.google.com/intl/en/chrome/devices/samsung-chromebook.html#ss-cb)<br />
| basic (a little bit more, willing to learn and be guided, running ubuntu through chroot currently)<br />
|-<br />
| tv<br />
| v5; v6<br />
| BCM2708<br />
| Raspberry Pi<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|marja<br />
| v6l<br />
| BCM2708<br />
| Raspberry Pi<br />
| basic<br />
|-<br />
| v7l<br />
| QCT MSM8930 CDP<br />
| Jolla phone<br />
| not yet (not before AL13N tested successfully on his phone)<br />
|-<br />
| Jybz<br />
| v7<br />
| AllWinner A20 Soc<br />
| Banana Pro<br />
| no (need Mga for Banana Pro first)<br />
|-<br />
| markvnl<br />
| v7, v8<br />
| BCM2837, BCM2711 _and_ <br>everything booting mainline-{uboot kernel} <br />
| Raspberry PI 3(+),4 + many<br />
| basic, development <br> an experimental image specific for RPI3(+),4 armv8 (aarch64) available at https://github.com/markVnl/Mageia_SBC<br />
|-<br />
| filip<br />
| v7, v8<br />
| BCM2837, BCM2711<br />
| Raspberry PI 3(+),4<br />
| apache, mysql, file backup server, X<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Ref: [https://web.archive.org/web/20130528125711/http://stewbenedict.org/mageia-arm-pogo.html Mageia ARM chroot on PogoPlug]<br />
<br />
=== questions for rtp ===<br />
* what versions is supported: v5 and higher? (do other versions need different compiling?)<br />
* what is the status of the basis system?<br />
* can it run in qemu?<br />
* can there be a flashable image?<br />
* can we have a tiny howto install? (not chrooted)<br />
* any idea what is needed to integrate with iurt?<br />
* is there a mass arm-rebuild planned?<br />
<br />
=== answers ===<br />
* v5 and higher is supported, all should work with this, (except for drivers)<br />
* if v5 is ready, v7hf might be targeted, since it would have considerable speed-improvement<br />
* the easiest way is to use a chrooted setup<br />
* flashable images is not doable, cause each device would need it's own image, we would need alot of people and devices<br />
* however, some chips have enough available drivers (sometimes nonfree) to make it, but it has to be exactly right, or you'll have some problems and it is advised to have a dev cable, so that a monitor and serial connection can be done.<br />
* Raspberri pi... this could be quite difficult, it would likely work with v7hf images, except when floating point instructions are executed, or v7 specific instructions, the v5 might work, if we can get all the nonfree drivers, but it would be very very slow.<br />
* qemu is possible and rtp has mga1 build for it, however, if you have it working for qemu, it might still fail for real, because qemu isn't memory aligned, like all the ARM's need it.<br />
* atm, rtp is building packages for arm, but he's waiting until some basic packages are fixed to be able to continue... kernel, etc... (so he's kind of stuck here)<br />
* for the moment, we will need to wait until at least the basis is compiled<br />
* in the mean time, keep in mind that <b><u>IF</u></b> you have upgraded dependency versions in i586 or x86_64, because it fails otherwise, make sure to add the version specifics to the spec file. this will make sure the ARM build can be alot faster...</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Atelier_Current_apps_%26_sites&diff=47071Atelier Current apps & sites2020-04-10T17:51:38Z<p>Filip: /* Homogeneisation of current apps & sites: status */ check web page source</p>
<hr />
<div>= Current apps & sites =<br />
<br />
Get a view of current bugs and issues:<br><br />
[https://bugs.mageia.org/buglist.cgi?cmdtype=dorem&remaction=run&namedcmd=Websites%20bugs&sharer_id=133 Mageia web team bug list].<br />
<br />
== Homogeneisation of current apps & sites: status ==<br />
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5%"<br />
|-<br />
! app or site <br />
! description/role<br />
! documentation<br />
! source<br />
! translation <br />
! alignment <br />
! navbar <br />
! navbar translation<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/ www]<br />
| Main landing site<br />
| [[Website documentation|draft doc]], [[Managing_the_website|doc]]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/ www]<br />
| yes<br />
| mixed center and left <br>(see next table)<br />
| yes (not all: see <br>next table)<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://nav.mageia.org/ mognase]<br />
| Navigation/navbar included in our web sites<br />
| [http://nav.mageia.org/ mognase documentation]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/nav/ nav]<br />
| yes<br />
| both center and left are supported<br />
| not applicable<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://blog.mageia.org/ blog]<br />
| Blogs<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| yes<br />
| centered<br />
| yes, but <br>left aligned<br />
| no (language choice in the page)<br />
|-<br />
|[http://planet.mageia.org/ planet]<br />
| Syndicate blogs<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/planet/ git]<br />
| yes (6 languages)<br />
| centered<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[https://identity.mageia.org/ identity] + [https://identity-trunk.mageia.org/ trunk]<br />
| Users/contributors accounts<br />
| [[Web Identity|doc]]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/identity/ identity]<br />
| yes<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| no<br />
|-<br />
|[https://wiki.mageia.org/en/ wiki]<br />
| Project docs repository<br />
| [[Wiki_and_Documentation|doc]]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/templates/mediawiki/ mediawiki]<br />
| each language is in a separated wiki<br />
| left / full width<br />
| yes<br />
| no (could be usefull to reach the EN one)<br />
|-<br />
|[http://forums.mageia.org/ forums]<br />
| Forums<br />
| [[Web Forums|doc]]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/forums/ forums]<br />
| no<br />
| full width<br />
| yes<br />
|no<br />
|-<br />
|[http://ml.mageia.org/ Mailing lists]<br />
| Mailing-lists<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/templates/sympa/ sympa]<br />
| (unreachable right now)<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[http://bugs.mageia.org/ bugzilla]<br />
| Bugs database<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/templates/bugzilla/ bugzilla]<br />
| no<br />
| full width<br />
| yes<br />
| no<br />
|-<br />
|[https://treasurer.mageia.org/ treasurer]<br />
| treasurer/financial report<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgatres/ git]<br />
| no<br />
| left but should be consistent <br>with main site (centered)<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
|[http://madb.mageia.org/ Mageia App Db (madb)]<br />
| Mageia App Db<br />
| [http://mageia-app-db.tuxette.fr/projects/mageia-app-db/wiki App-db documentation]<br>[[Archive:Web_Maintdb|DEPRECATED version doc]]<br />
| source<br />
| not yet, site could be in the future.<br>Package descriptions is another matter.<br />
| left / full width until <br>approx 1480<br />
| partly<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
| [http://meetbot.mageia.org/ meetbot]<br />
| meetbot: IRC meating notes<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
|-<br />
|[http://mirrors.mageia.org/ mirrors]<br />
| List/manage/check mirrors<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgamirrors/ mgamirrors]<br />but it [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12220#c8 seem long w/o rebuild]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://svnweb.mageia.org/ SVN]<br />
| Web view of SVN <br>(packages only)<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| no (not needed)<br />
| left / full width<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://gitweb.mageia.org/ Git]<br />
| Web view of GIT<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| no (not needed)<br />
| full width<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://pkgsubmit.mageia.org pkgsubmit]<br />
| Buildsystem current status<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/pkgsubmit/ pkgsubmit]<br />
| no (not needed)<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| no<br />
|-<br />
|[http://check.mageia.org/ check]<br />
| Some checks on packages<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/build-system/mga-youri-core/tree/lib/Youri/Check/ Check]<br />
| no (not needed)<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://epoll.mageia.org epoll]<br />
| Online voting<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| yes<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://dashboard.mageia.org/ dashboard]<br />
| Not anymore <s>Regular</s> metrics report<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/generators/dashboard/ git]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://hugs.mageia.org/ hugs]<br />
| Be nice.<br />
| [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1043 bug 1043]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/hugs/ hugs]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://people.mageia.org/ people]<br />
| Mageia tool to generate people pages.<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgapeople/ git]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[http://perl.mageia.org/ perl]<br />
| Number of perl packages (but it seems stuck<br>somewhere in January 2014 as of April 2016)<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
|[https://advisories.mageia.org/ advisories]<br />
| advisories<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgaadvisories/ git]<br />
| no<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www-test.mageia.org/ www-test]<br />
| testing site (currently unused)<br />
| documentation?<br />
| source<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
|-<br />
|[https://releases.mageia.org/ releases api]<br />
| releases api<br />
| documentation?<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/releases/ git]<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
|-<br />
| fidd api<br />
| FIDD (Format ISO Download Data) api<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/about/ about]<br />
| [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/ git]<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
| N/A<br />
|}<br />
''<br />
TODO: add a column to say if the page/app follows mga graphical charter<br />
''<br />
<br />
=== Particular WWW pages with TODO status ===<br />
Those pages should use navbar and center alignment.<br />
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5%"<br />
|-<br />
! page <br />
! TODO status<br />
! translation <br />
! alignment <br />
! navbar <br />
! navbar translation<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/fr/charter.html graphic charter]<br />
| needs visual and content update<br />
| no<br />
| center<br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/thank-you/ thank you page]<br />
| needs visual (css) fix<br />
| no<br />
| left (a bit odd)<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/en/about/reports/2011/ 2011 report] and [http://www.mageia.org/en/about/reports/2012/ 2012 report]<br />
| both pages should be center aligned<br />
| no<br />
| left (navigation can be centered by adding bolded part to <br />//nav.mageia.org/css/'''?s=Center''' line in [http://gitweb.mageia.org/software/infrastructure/mgatres/tree/tmpl/head.html template] and rebuild)<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/en/about/reports/2010/ 2010 report]<br />
| page should be made translatable?<br />
| no<br />
| center<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/community/ community page]<br />
| page frame too wide<br />
| yes<br />
| center<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/en/1/for-you/ <s>Mageia 1</s> is for you]<br />
| reuse this precious page<br />
| currently on array i18n system <br>can be "upgraded" to gettext with <br>[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/tools/pa2lang.php our tools] and localisation can be reused.<br />
| center<br />
| yes but left<br />
| yes<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Particular WWW pages with NOCHANGE status ===<br />
Leave them as they are.<br />
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5%"<br />
|-<br />
! page <br />
! NOCHANGE status<br />
! translation <br />
! alignment <br />
! navbar <br />
! navbar translation<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/fr/about/2010-sept-announcement.html 2010-sept-annoucement]<br />
| leave them as they are as <br />monuments to that era.<br />
| Partly!<br />
| center <br />
| no<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.mageia.org/2/ Mageia 2 pages] and <br>[http://www.mageia.org/3/ Mageia 3 pages]<br />
| those releases are EOL<br />
| yes<br />
| left<br />
| yes<br />
| yes<br />
|}</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Talk:Installing_Mageia_from_ISO_images_on_disk_using_grub2&diff=46504Talk:Installing Mageia from ISO images on disk using grub22020-03-12T13:36:38Z<p>Filip: addition of nofail in fstab</p>
<hr />
<div>I suggest addition of nofail in fstab. It can happen that ISO files are on separate HD/SSD and if someone remove it, the boot will go to recovery shell. Which is overkill in this case.</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_from_ISO_images_on_disk_using_grub2&diff=46503Installing Mageia from ISO images on disk using grub22020-03-12T13:30:13Z<p>Filip: /* Step-3: Download Mageia Network Install ISO image */ l10n neutral link fix</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
= Introduction =<br />
<br />
This page describes how to configure grub2 to install Mageia from a Mageia install ISO saved on disk.<br />
<br />
No install CD, DVD or USB are needed.<br />
<br />
= Acknowledgements =<br />
<br />
Thanks to Philippe Makowski for suggesting this idea.<br />
<br />
<br />
= Assumptions and scope =<br />
<br />
The method described here depends on having:<br />
<br />
# grub2 for booting. This is the default in Mageia 6.<br />
# A separate disk filesystem partition <b>/mnt/install-iso/</b><br />
# A copy of Mageia install ISO file in /mnt/install-iso/<br />
# A copy of Mageia network install ISO also in /mnt/install-iso/<br />
<br />
<br />
= Benefits =<br />
<br />
Firstly, no install media is needed: not CD, DVD nor USB.<br />
<br />
Secondly, it is a fast method of installing limited only by disk speed.<br />
<br />
Thirdly, post install, the install ISO can be loop mounted for further package installing.<br />
<br />
<br />
= Overview =<br />
<br />
#Create a partition <b>/mnt/install-iso</b> for storing install ISO files (can also use existing partiton if enough space)<br />
#Download and verify two Mageia install ISO files: 1) network install 2) Mageia install<br />
#Create ${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom and append to /etc/grub.d/40_custom<br />
#Run drakboot<br />
#Reboot and select your new grub boot option for "network install". Note: this allows complete flexibility and includes option for installing from ISO on disk.<br />
#From booted network install image, select install from disk<br />
#Identify the partition (with the install ISO) and specify the ISO file image to boot<br />
#Complete install process (as normal)<br />
#Post-install: loop mount the Mageia install ISO to speed package installation<br />
<br />
<br />
= Preparation =<br />
<br />
<br />
== Step-1: Create local disk filesystem partition <i>/mnt/install-iso/</i> ==<br />
<br />
Use /usr/sbin/diskdrake to create a new partition mounted at <b>/mnt/install-iso/</b> on your disk drive.<br />
<br />
It will need to be large enough for at least one (eg 5gb), possibly two install ISO images (9gb).<br />
<br />
Label the partition "INSTALL-ISO" to make it easier to find and reference.<br />
<br />
For example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[user@localhost]$ df /mnt/install-iso<br />
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br />
/dev/sda1 5.9G 24M 5.6G 1% /mnt/install-iso<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Label the partition "INSTALL-ISO" (for example, using the <b>gparted</b> program).<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk -o NAME,LABEL /dev/sda<br />
NAME LABEL<br />
sda <br />
├─sda1 INSTALL-ISO<br />
├─sda2 <br />
├─sda5 BOOT<br />
├─sda6 <br />
│ └─crypt_sda6 SWAP<br />
├─sda7 <br />
│ └─crypt_sda7 ROOT<br />
├─sda8 <br />
│ └─crypt_sda8 USR-LOCAL<br />
└─sda9 <br />
└─crypt_sda9 HOME<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Step-2: Download Mageia install ISO file ==<br />
<br />
Connect to https://www.mageia.org/downloads/ and select your download ISO image for installing Mageia.<br />
Choose the 32 or 64 bit image to match your computer's processor.<br />
In this example, the 64bit Mageia install image is downloaded.<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Download sha512 checksum file ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
wget http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# cd /mnt/install-iso && wget http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
--2019-07-14 18:29:29-- http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
Resolving www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)... 212.219.56.184, 2001:630:341:12::184<br />
Connecting to www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)|212.219.56.184|:80... connected.<br />
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK<br />
Length: 150 [application/x-iso9660-image]<br />
Saving to: ‘Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512’<br />
<br />
Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512 100%[======================================================================>] 150 --.-KB/s in 0s <br />
<br />
2019-07-14 18:29:30 (19.8 MB/s) - ‘Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512’ saved [150/150]<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Download Mageia install ISO file ===<br />
<br />
Next, we download the install ISO file. this is over 4gb and will take a while to download:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
wget http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# wget http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso<br />
--2019-07-14 18:44:53-- http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso<br />
Resolving www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)... 212.219.56.184, 2001:630:341:12::184<br />
Connecting to www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)|212.219.56.184|:80... connected.<br />
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK<br />
Length: 4447385600 (4.1G) [application/x-iso9660-image]<br />
Saving to: ‘Mageia-7-x86_64.iso’<br />
<br />
Mageia-7-x86_64.iso ] 2.96M 414KB/s eta 3h 5m <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Verify the downloaded ISO file ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
sha512sum -c Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# pwd<br />
/mnt/install-iso<br />
<br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# ls -al<br />
total 4397008<br />
drwxr-xr-x 3 mpb mpb 4096 Jul 14 18:39 ./<br />
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jul 12 16:47 ../<br />
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Jul 11 17:54 lost+found/<br />
-rw-r--r-- 1 mpb mpb 4502501376 Jul 13 00:10 Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso<br />
-rw-r--r-- 1 mpb mpb 152 Jul 13 00:10 Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
<br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# sha512sum -c Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso.sha512 # verify ISO image<br />
Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso: OK<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Step-3: Download Mageia <i>Network Install</i> ISO image ==<br />
<br />
Connect to https://www.mageia.org/downloads/ and select the appropriate network install image for your system.<br />
First select "Network Installation".<br />
Choose from 32 or 64 bit according to your computer processor.<br />
Finally, select either "Free Software CD" or "Nonfree firmware CD".<br />
<br />
<br />
=== download the sha512 checksum file ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
wget ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# wget ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
--2019-07-14 19:11:53-- ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
=> ‘Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512’<br />
Resolving www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)... 212.219.56.184, 2001:630:341:12::184<br />
Connecting to www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)|212.219.56.184|:21... connected.<br />
Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!<br />
==> SYST ... done. ==> PWD ... done.<br />
==> TYPE I ... done. ==> CWD (1) /sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images ... done.<br />
==> SIZE Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512 ... 169<br />
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512 ... done.<br />
Length: 169 (unauthoritative)<br />
<br />
Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512 100%[====================================================================================>] 169 --.-KB/s in 0s <br />
<br />
2019-07-14 19:11:55 (20.1 MB/s) - ‘Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512’ saved [169]<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== download <i>network install</i> ISO ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
wget ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# wget ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso<br />
--2019-07-14 19:14:15-- ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso<br />
=> ‘Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso’<br />
Resolving www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)... 212.219.56.184, 2001:630:341:12::184<br />
Connecting to www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)|212.219.56.184|:21... connected.<br />
Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!<br />
==> SYST ... done. ==> PWD ... done.<br />
==> TYPE I ... done. ==> CWD (1) /sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images ... done.<br />
==> SIZE Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso ... 84934656<br />
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso ... done.<br />
Length: 84934656 (81M) (unauthoritative)<br />
<br />
Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso 100%[========================================================================>] 81.00M 443KB/s in 2m 52s <br />
<br />
2019-07-14 19:17:07 (483 KB/s) - ‘Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso’ saved [84934656]<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Verify the download ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
sha512 -c Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# sha512sum -c Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso: OK<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Step-4: Add entry to grub2 configuration file for booting Mageia Network Install ISO image ==<br />
<br />
Note that the process of installing from an ISO image on disk is in two stages.<br />
The first stage is to boot the "Network Install" iso image and that is what we configure in grub2 (in this step).<br />
<br />
The second stage is when we have booted "network Install" we select the install method to boot from disk and then specify the Mageia install iso image.<br />
<br />
Here is an example of: <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b> where the ISO install image is "Mageia-6-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso" in partition /dev/sda12 mounted at /mnt/install-iso/<br />
<br />
Take care to define the correct values for:<br />
<br />
# set isofile=<br />
# set root=<br />
# loopback loop<br />
<br />
In the examples shown here for 64-bit, these are:<br />
# set isofile="Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
# set root='hd0,1'<br />
# loopback loop (hd0,1)$isofile<br />
<br />
Explanation:<br />
# "Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso" is the name of the Mageia Network Install image we downloaded.<br />
# 'hd0,1' means the first disk /dev/sda and the 1st partition. /dev/sda1 in this example (mounted as /mnt/install-iso/ ).<br />
<br />
<b>Nota bene</b>: When the install is done it is likely that <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b> will be lost.<br><br />
For this reason, create <b>${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom</b> on the assumption that /home/ will be preserved during the install then append ${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom to /etc/grub.d/40_custom.<br />
<br />
NB: do *not* overwrite any existing <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b>.<br />
In Mageia 7, the default contains:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
#!/usr/bin/sh<br />
exec tail -n +3 $0<br />
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the<br />
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change<br />
# the 'exec tail' line above.<br />
<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The following is the part we are appending to <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b>.<br />
<b>NB</b> in this example (below), we use "\$isofile" to prevent the shell from interpreting "$isofile" as an empty shell variable.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
$ cat << EEOOFF >> ${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom<br />
<br />
# --------------------------------------------- added on $(date "+%Y_%m_%d at %H:%M")<br />
# Example for adding to /etc/grub.d/40_custom<br />
# <br />
# Reference: https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Installing_Mageia_from_ISO_images_on_disk_using_grub2<br />
#<br />
# NB ensure correct values set for your configuration below:<br />
#<br />
# 1) set isofile=<br />
# example: set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
# NB leading "/"<br />
#<br />
# 2) set root=<br />
# example: set root="hd0,1"<br />
# This is for /dev/sda1. Other examples:<br />
# /mnt/install-iso/ mounted at /dev/sda12 is "hd0,12"<br />
# /mnt/install-iso/ mounted at /dev/sdb9 is "hd1,9"<br />
#<br />
# 3) loopback loop<br />
# example: loopback loop (hd0,1)\$isofile<br />
# NB "hd0,1" is /dev/sda1 and no "/" before "\$isofile"<br />
#<br />
# <br />
<br />
# 64-bit example: <br />
<br />
menuentry "Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 64-bit iso" {<br />
insmod gzio<br />
insmod part_msdos<br />
insmod ext2<br />
insmod xfs<br />
insmod loopback<br />
insmod iso9660<br />
insmod udf<br />
set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
set root="hd0,1"<br />
loopback loop (hd0,1)\$isofile<br />
linux (loop)/isolinux/x86_64/vmlinuz isofile=\$isofile<br />
initrd (loop)/isolinux/x86_64/all.rdz<br />
}<br />
<br />
# 32-bit example:<br />
# NB: for the 32-bit version, the ISO filename has "i586"<br />
# but the "linux" and "loop" paths use "i386".<br />
# (Can verify by loop mounting the network install ISO and checking paths.)<br />
<br />
menuentry "Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 32-bit iso" {<br />
insmod gzio<br />
insmod part_msdos<br />
insmod ext2<br />
insmod xfs<br />
insmod loopback<br />
insmod iso9660<br />
insmod udf<br />
set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-i586.iso"<br />
set root="hd0,1"<br />
loopback loop (hd0,1)\$isofile<br />
linux (loop)/isolinux/i386/vmlinuz isofile=\$isofile<br />
initrd (loop)/isolinux/i386/all.rdz<br />
}<br />
<br />
EEOOFF<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Review your <b>${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom</b> and verify that it is correct. In particular check the "loopback" and "linux" lines are not missing "$isofile".<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>NB</b> <i>IMPORTANT:</i> <br><br />
Verify that the settings for "set isofile=", "set root=", and "loopback loop" are correct for your system.<br><br />
Note that the "set isofile=" value must begin with a "/" symbol followed by the name of the ISO file.<br />
<br />
Append the grub2 configuration file to /etc/grub.d/40_custom. NB, modify <i>user</i> to match your login user.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# Run as root<br />
# modify "user" for your login<br />
<br />
# cat /home/user/etc_grub.d_40_custom >> /etc/grub.d/40_custom<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Step-5: run "drakboot" ==<br />
<br />
Now, as root, run "drakboot" to make this configuration active for next reboot.<br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
/usr/bin/drakboot<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The following drakboot windows will appear:<br />
<br />
[[file:2019_07_14_drakboot_a.png]]<br />
<br />
[[file:2019_07_14_drakboot_b.png]]<br />
<br />
<br />
== Step-6: Make a note of your disk partition layout ==<br />
<br />
It is very useful to have a list of the partitions on your disk with the mount points when you reach the install stage.<br><br />
It is also helpful to label partitions which can easily be done using, for example, <b>gparted</b>.<br />
<br />
For example: the root partition mounted at "/" can be labelled "ROOT", the home partition mounted at /home labelled "HOME" etc<br />
<br />
It can be useful to either make a printout or take screen shots and copy to another device of the output from "df" and/or print the partition layout shown in <b>gparted</b>.<br />
<br />
Example: from "df" command showing partition names, partition sizes and mount points: <br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# df<br />
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br />
devtmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev<br />
tmpfs 2.9G 509M 2.5G 18% /dev/shm<br />
tmpfs 2.9G 1.5M 2.9G 1% /run<br />
/dev/mapper/crypt_sda7 20G 7.3G 12G 40% /<br />
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup<br />
tmpfs 2.9G 6.5M 2.9G 1% /tmp<br />
/dev/mapper/crypt_sda8 2.0G 6.1M 1.8G 1% /usr/local<br />
/dev/mapper/crypt_sda9 877G 259G 618G 30% /home<br />
/dev/sda5 484M 35M 420M 8% /boot<br />
/dev/sda1 5.9G 4.3G 1.3G 78% /mnt/install-iso<br />
tmpfs 594M 72K 594M 1% /run/user/1000<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable FCK__ShowTableBorders"<br />
|-<br />
| Example from gparted: showing partition names, mount points, labels, and sizes<br />
|-<br />
| [[file:2019_07_214_gparted_example.png]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
If you have a printer connected (and assuming you have a single disk /dev/sda) you could make a record of the disk layout with this:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
(date; echo; df; echo; lsblk -o NAME,LABEL /dev/sda) | lp<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
= Install process =<br />
<br />
Reboot. On the grub2 boot screen, select <b>Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 64-bit iso</b> (following the example here) or whatever name you have put when you defined the grub2 "menuentry" field in <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b>.<br />
<br />
After booting the network install image, select "boot from disk" and identify the partition where you stored the Mageia install ISO and the name of the mageia install ISO file.<br />
<br />
Complete install as normal.<br />
<br />
<br />
= Post install: add loopback mount of ISO install image =<br />
<br />
One of the advantages of having the Mageia install ISO file on hard disk is that we can loop mount it and add it to the URPMI configuration.<br />
This makes installing of additional packages much faster (than going out across the network).<br />
<br />
<br />
In the example shown on this page, partition <b>/dev/sda1</b> was mounted at <b>/mnt/install-iso/</b>.<br />
This will not have been automatically mounted during the install but will instead be mounted as <b>/mnt/hd/</b>.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# df /mnt/hd/<br />
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br />
/dev/sda12 7.9G 3.8G 3.8G 50% /mnt/hd<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
By examining the filesystems table /etc/fstab it will be clear that there is an entry for the Mageia install ISO.<br />
<br />
For example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
$ grep ".iso" /etc/fstab<br />
/mnt/hd/Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64 iso9660 noauto,loop 0 0<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Notice that "noauto" is defined meaning that the install ISO image is not automatically mounted.<br />
We edit /etc/fstab and remove the <b>noauto</b> from the <b>Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso</b> line.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
$ grep ".iso" /etc/fstab<br />
/mnt/hd/Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64 iso9660 loop 0 0<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
We can check it mounts OK with:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# mount /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64<br />
<br />
# df /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64<br />
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br />
/dev/loop0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Since the install ISO image loop mounts correctly we can also remove the "noauto," from the /etc/fstab entry<br />
so that the mount will automatically happen on reboot.<br />
<br />
Now the Mageia install image is mounted, we can add it as a URPMI source to install any further packages.<br />
In this example, we are using a 64-bit install ISO image so we append "x86_64/" to the urpmi.addmedia command (below):<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# urpmi.addmedia --distrib /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64/x86_64/<br />
adding medium "Core Release (Installer)" before remote medium "Core Release"<br />
adding medium "Nonfree Release (Installer)" before remote medium "Core Release"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[root@zbook ~]# urpmi.addmedia --distrib /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64/x86_64/<br />
adding medium "Core Release (Installer)" before remote medium "Core Release"<br />
adding medium "Nonfree Release (Installer)" before remote medium "Core Release"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Run a system update to confirm loopback install ISO image urpmi source included. Note the keyword "(Installer)":<br />
<pre><br />
[root@zbook ~]# urpmi --auto-update<br />
medium "Core Release (Installer)" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Nonfree Release (Installer)" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Core Release" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Core Updates" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Nonfree Release" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Nonfree Updates" is up-to-date<br />
medium "nonfree" is up-to-date<br />
medium "non-free-updates" is up-to-date<br />
medium "tainted" is up-to-date<br />
medium "tainted-updates" is up-to-date<br />
medium "google-talkplugin" is up-to-date<br />
medium "google-chrome" is up-to-date<br />
Packages are up to date<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
= Appendix 1: 64 bit version of append for /etc/grub.d/40_custom =<br />
<br />
Note, keep your own modified copy of this in your ${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom for future reference<br />
because the copy that is created in /etc/grub.d/40_custom will be overwritten in the install process.<br />
<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# Example for adding to /etc/grub.d/40_custom<br />
# <br />
# Reference: https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Installing_Mageia_from_ISO_images_on_disk_using_grub2<br />
#<br />
# NB ensure correct values set for your configuration below:<br />
#<br />
# 1) set isofile=<br />
# example: set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
# NB leading "/"<br />
#<br />
# 2) set root=<br />
# example: set root="hd0,1"<br />
# This is for /dev/sda1. Other examples:<br />
# /mnt/install-iso/ mounted at /dev/sda12 is "hd0,12"<br />
# /mnt/install-iso/ mounted at /dev/sdb9 is "hd1,9"<br />
#<br />
# 3) loopback loop<br />
# example: loopback loop (hd0,1)$isofile<br />
# NB "hd0,1" is /dev/sda1 and no "/" before "$isofile"<br />
#<br />
# <br />
<br />
menuentry "Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 64-bit iso" {<br />
insmod gzio<br />
insmod part_msdos<br />
insmod ext2<br />
insmod xfs<br />
insmod loopback<br />
insmod iso9660<br />
insmod udf<br />
set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
set root="hd0,1"<br />
loopback loop (hd0,1)$isofile<br />
linux (loop)/isolinux/x86_64/vmlinuz isofile=$isofile<br />
initrd (loop)/isolinux/x86_64/all.rdz<br />
}<br />
<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
= Appendix 2: 32-bit version of append for /etc/grub.d/40_custom =<br />
<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
# 32-bit example:<br />
# NB: for the 32-bit version, the ISO filename has "i586"<br />
# but the "linux" and "loop" paths use "i386".<br />
# (Can verify by loop mounting the network install ISO and checking paths.)<br />
<br />
menuentry "Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 32-bit iso" {<br />
insmod gzio<br />
insmod part_msdos<br />
insmod ext2<br />
insmod xfs<br />
insmod loopback<br />
insmod iso9660<br />
insmod udf<br />
set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-i586.iso"<br />
set root="hd0,1"<br />
loopback loop (hd0,1)$isofile<br />
linux (loop)/isolinux/i386/vmlinuz isofile=$isofile<br />
initrd (loop)/isolinux/i386/all.rdz<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
</pre></div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Installing_Mageia_from_ISO_images_on_disk_using_grub2&diff=46502Installing Mageia from ISO images on disk using grub22020-03-12T13:29:10Z<p>Filip: /* Step-2: Download Mageia install ISO file */ l10n neutral link fix</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
= Introduction =<br />
<br />
This page describes how to configure grub2 to install Mageia from a Mageia install ISO saved on disk.<br />
<br />
No install CD, DVD or USB are needed.<br />
<br />
= Acknowledgements =<br />
<br />
Thanks to Philippe Makowski for suggesting this idea.<br />
<br />
<br />
= Assumptions and scope =<br />
<br />
The method described here depends on having:<br />
<br />
# grub2 for booting. This is the default in Mageia 6.<br />
# A separate disk filesystem partition <b>/mnt/install-iso/</b><br />
# A copy of Mageia install ISO file in /mnt/install-iso/<br />
# A copy of Mageia network install ISO also in /mnt/install-iso/<br />
<br />
<br />
= Benefits =<br />
<br />
Firstly, no install media is needed: not CD, DVD nor USB.<br />
<br />
Secondly, it is a fast method of installing limited only by disk speed.<br />
<br />
Thirdly, post install, the install ISO can be loop mounted for further package installing.<br />
<br />
<br />
= Overview =<br />
<br />
#Create a partition <b>/mnt/install-iso</b> for storing install ISO files (can also use existing partiton if enough space)<br />
#Download and verify two Mageia install ISO files: 1) network install 2) Mageia install<br />
#Create ${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom and append to /etc/grub.d/40_custom<br />
#Run drakboot<br />
#Reboot and select your new grub boot option for "network install". Note: this allows complete flexibility and includes option for installing from ISO on disk.<br />
#From booted network install image, select install from disk<br />
#Identify the partition (with the install ISO) and specify the ISO file image to boot<br />
#Complete install process (as normal)<br />
#Post-install: loop mount the Mageia install ISO to speed package installation<br />
<br />
<br />
= Preparation =<br />
<br />
<br />
== Step-1: Create local disk filesystem partition <i>/mnt/install-iso/</i> ==<br />
<br />
Use /usr/sbin/diskdrake to create a new partition mounted at <b>/mnt/install-iso/</b> on your disk drive.<br />
<br />
It will need to be large enough for at least one (eg 5gb), possibly two install ISO images (9gb).<br />
<br />
Label the partition "INSTALL-ISO" to make it easier to find and reference.<br />
<br />
For example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[user@localhost]$ df /mnt/install-iso<br />
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br />
/dev/sda1 5.9G 24M 5.6G 1% /mnt/install-iso<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Label the partition "INSTALL-ISO" (for example, using the <b>gparted</b> program).<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk -o NAME,LABEL /dev/sda<br />
NAME LABEL<br />
sda <br />
├─sda1 INSTALL-ISO<br />
├─sda2 <br />
├─sda5 BOOT<br />
├─sda6 <br />
│ └─crypt_sda6 SWAP<br />
├─sda7 <br />
│ └─crypt_sda7 ROOT<br />
├─sda8 <br />
│ └─crypt_sda8 USR-LOCAL<br />
└─sda9 <br />
└─crypt_sda9 HOME<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Step-2: Download Mageia install ISO file ==<br />
<br />
Connect to https://www.mageia.org/downloads/ and select your download ISO image for installing Mageia.<br />
Choose the 32 or 64 bit image to match your computer's processor.<br />
In this example, the 64bit Mageia install image is downloaded.<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Download sha512 checksum file ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
wget http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# cd /mnt/install-iso && wget http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
--2019-07-14 18:29:29-- http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
Resolving www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)... 212.219.56.184, 2001:630:341:12::184<br />
Connecting to www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)|212.219.56.184|:80... connected.<br />
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK<br />
Length: 150 [application/x-iso9660-image]<br />
Saving to: ‘Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512’<br />
<br />
Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512 100%[======================================================================>] 150 --.-KB/s in 0s <br />
<br />
2019-07-14 18:29:30 (19.8 MB/s) - ‘Mageia-7-x86_64.iso.sha512’ saved [150/150]<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Download Mageia install ISO file ===<br />
<br />
Next, we download the install ISO file. this is over 4gb and will take a while to download:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
wget http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# wget http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso<br />
--2019-07-14 18:44:53-- http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/iso/7/Mageia-7-x86_64/Mageia-7-x86_64.iso<br />
Resolving www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)... 212.219.56.184, 2001:630:341:12::184<br />
Connecting to www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)|212.219.56.184|:80... connected.<br />
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK<br />
Length: 4447385600 (4.1G) [application/x-iso9660-image]<br />
Saving to: ‘Mageia-7-x86_64.iso’<br />
<br />
Mageia-7-x86_64.iso ] 2.96M 414KB/s eta 3h 5m <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Verify the downloaded ISO file ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
sha512sum -c Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# pwd<br />
/mnt/install-iso<br />
<br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# ls -al<br />
total 4397008<br />
drwxr-xr-x 3 mpb mpb 4096 Jul 14 18:39 ./<br />
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jul 12 16:47 ../<br />
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Jul 11 17:54 lost+found/<br />
-rw-r--r-- 1 mpb mpb 4502501376 Jul 13 00:10 Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso<br />
-rw-r--r-- 1 mpb mpb 152 Jul 13 00:10 Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
<br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# sha512sum -c Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso.sha512 # verify ISO image<br />
Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso: OK<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Step-3: Download Mageia <i>Network Install</i> ISO image ==<br />
<br />
Connect to https://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/ and select the appropriate network install image for your system.<br />
First select "Network Installation".<br />
Choose from 32 or 64 bit according to your computer processor.<br />
Finally, select either "Free Software CD" or "Nonfree firmware CD".<br />
<br />
<br />
=== download the sha512 checksum file ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
wget ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# wget ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
--2019-07-14 19:11:53-- ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
=> ‘Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512’<br />
Resolving www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)... 212.219.56.184, 2001:630:341:12::184<br />
Connecting to www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)|212.219.56.184|:21... connected.<br />
Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!<br />
==> SYST ... done. ==> PWD ... done.<br />
==> TYPE I ... done. ==> CWD (1) /sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images ... done.<br />
==> SIZE Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512 ... 169<br />
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512 ... done.<br />
Length: 169 (unauthoritative)<br />
<br />
Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512 100%[====================================================================================>] 169 --.-KB/s in 0s <br />
<br />
2019-07-14 19:11:55 (20.1 MB/s) - ‘Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512’ saved [169]<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== download <i>network install</i> ISO ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
wget ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# wget ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso<br />
--2019-07-14 19:14:15-- ftp://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso<br />
=> ‘Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso’<br />
Resolving www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)... 212.219.56.184, 2001:630:341:12::184<br />
Connecting to www.mirrorservice.org (www.mirrorservice.org)|212.219.56.184|:21... connected.<br />
Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!<br />
==> SYST ... done. ==> PWD ... done.<br />
==> TYPE I ... done. ==> CWD (1) /sites/mageia.org/pub/mageia/distrib/7/x86_64/install/images ... done.<br />
==> SIZE Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso ... 84934656<br />
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso ... done.<br />
Length: 84934656 (81M) (unauthoritative)<br />
<br />
Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso 100%[========================================================================>] 81.00M 443KB/s in 2m 52s <br />
<br />
2019-07-14 19:17:07 (483 KB/s) - ‘Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso’ saved [84934656]<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Verify the download ===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
sha512 -c Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# sha512sum -c Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso.sha512<br />
Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso: OK<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Step-4: Add entry to grub2 configuration file for booting Mageia Network Install ISO image ==<br />
<br />
Note that the process of installing from an ISO image on disk is in two stages.<br />
The first stage is to boot the "Network Install" iso image and that is what we configure in grub2 (in this step).<br />
<br />
The second stage is when we have booted "network Install" we select the install method to boot from disk and then specify the Mageia install iso image.<br />
<br />
Here is an example of: <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b> where the ISO install image is "Mageia-6-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso" in partition /dev/sda12 mounted at /mnt/install-iso/<br />
<br />
Take care to define the correct values for:<br />
<br />
# set isofile=<br />
# set root=<br />
# loopback loop<br />
<br />
In the examples shown here for 64-bit, these are:<br />
# set isofile="Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
# set root='hd0,1'<br />
# loopback loop (hd0,1)$isofile<br />
<br />
Explanation:<br />
# "Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso" is the name of the Mageia Network Install image we downloaded.<br />
# 'hd0,1' means the first disk /dev/sda and the 1st partition. /dev/sda1 in this example (mounted as /mnt/install-iso/ ).<br />
<br />
<b>Nota bene</b>: When the install is done it is likely that <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b> will be lost.<br><br />
For this reason, create <b>${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom</b> on the assumption that /home/ will be preserved during the install then append ${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom to /etc/grub.d/40_custom.<br />
<br />
NB: do *not* overwrite any existing <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b>.<br />
In Mageia 7, the default contains:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
#!/usr/bin/sh<br />
exec tail -n +3 $0<br />
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the<br />
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change<br />
# the 'exec tail' line above.<br />
<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The following is the part we are appending to <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b>.<br />
<b>NB</b> in this example (below), we use "\$isofile" to prevent the shell from interpreting "$isofile" as an empty shell variable.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
$ cat << EEOOFF >> ${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom<br />
<br />
# --------------------------------------------- added on $(date "+%Y_%m_%d at %H:%M")<br />
# Example for adding to /etc/grub.d/40_custom<br />
# <br />
# Reference: https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Installing_Mageia_from_ISO_images_on_disk_using_grub2<br />
#<br />
# NB ensure correct values set for your configuration below:<br />
#<br />
# 1) set isofile=<br />
# example: set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
# NB leading "/"<br />
#<br />
# 2) set root=<br />
# example: set root="hd0,1"<br />
# This is for /dev/sda1. Other examples:<br />
# /mnt/install-iso/ mounted at /dev/sda12 is "hd0,12"<br />
# /mnt/install-iso/ mounted at /dev/sdb9 is "hd1,9"<br />
#<br />
# 3) loopback loop<br />
# example: loopback loop (hd0,1)\$isofile<br />
# NB "hd0,1" is /dev/sda1 and no "/" before "\$isofile"<br />
#<br />
# <br />
<br />
# 64-bit example: <br />
<br />
menuentry "Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 64-bit iso" {<br />
insmod gzio<br />
insmod part_msdos<br />
insmod ext2<br />
insmod xfs<br />
insmod loopback<br />
insmod iso9660<br />
insmod udf<br />
set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
set root="hd0,1"<br />
loopback loop (hd0,1)\$isofile<br />
linux (loop)/isolinux/x86_64/vmlinuz isofile=\$isofile<br />
initrd (loop)/isolinux/x86_64/all.rdz<br />
}<br />
<br />
# 32-bit example:<br />
# NB: for the 32-bit version, the ISO filename has "i586"<br />
# but the "linux" and "loop" paths use "i386".<br />
# (Can verify by loop mounting the network install ISO and checking paths.)<br />
<br />
menuentry "Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 32-bit iso" {<br />
insmod gzio<br />
insmod part_msdos<br />
insmod ext2<br />
insmod xfs<br />
insmod loopback<br />
insmod iso9660<br />
insmod udf<br />
set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-i586.iso"<br />
set root="hd0,1"<br />
loopback loop (hd0,1)\$isofile<br />
linux (loop)/isolinux/i386/vmlinuz isofile=\$isofile<br />
initrd (loop)/isolinux/i386/all.rdz<br />
}<br />
<br />
EEOOFF<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Review your <b>${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom</b> and verify that it is correct. In particular check the "loopback" and "linux" lines are not missing "$isofile".<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>NB</b> <i>IMPORTANT:</i> <br><br />
Verify that the settings for "set isofile=", "set root=", and "loopback loop" are correct for your system.<br><br />
Note that the "set isofile=" value must begin with a "/" symbol followed by the name of the ISO file.<br />
<br />
Append the grub2 configuration file to /etc/grub.d/40_custom. NB, modify <i>user</i> to match your login user.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# Run as root<br />
# modify "user" for your login<br />
<br />
# cat /home/user/etc_grub.d_40_custom >> /etc/grub.d/40_custom<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Step-5: run "drakboot" ==<br />
<br />
Now, as root, run "drakboot" to make this configuration active for next reboot.<br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
/usr/bin/drakboot<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The following drakboot windows will appear:<br />
<br />
[[file:2019_07_14_drakboot_a.png]]<br />
<br />
[[file:2019_07_14_drakboot_b.png]]<br />
<br />
<br />
== Step-6: Make a note of your disk partition layout ==<br />
<br />
It is very useful to have a list of the partitions on your disk with the mount points when you reach the install stage.<br><br />
It is also helpful to label partitions which can easily be done using, for example, <b>gparted</b>.<br />
<br />
For example: the root partition mounted at "/" can be labelled "ROOT", the home partition mounted at /home labelled "HOME" etc<br />
<br />
It can be useful to either make a printout or take screen shots and copy to another device of the output from "df" and/or print the partition layout shown in <b>gparted</b>.<br />
<br />
Example: from "df" command showing partition names, partition sizes and mount points: <br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[root@localhost install-iso]# df<br />
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br />
devtmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev<br />
tmpfs 2.9G 509M 2.5G 18% /dev/shm<br />
tmpfs 2.9G 1.5M 2.9G 1% /run<br />
/dev/mapper/crypt_sda7 20G 7.3G 12G 40% /<br />
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup<br />
tmpfs 2.9G 6.5M 2.9G 1% /tmp<br />
/dev/mapper/crypt_sda8 2.0G 6.1M 1.8G 1% /usr/local<br />
/dev/mapper/crypt_sda9 877G 259G 618G 30% /home<br />
/dev/sda5 484M 35M 420M 8% /boot<br />
/dev/sda1 5.9G 4.3G 1.3G 78% /mnt/install-iso<br />
tmpfs 594M 72K 594M 1% /run/user/1000<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable FCK__ShowTableBorders"<br />
|-<br />
| Example from gparted: showing partition names, mount points, labels, and sizes<br />
|-<br />
| [[file:2019_07_214_gparted_example.png]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
If you have a printer connected (and assuming you have a single disk /dev/sda) you could make a record of the disk layout with this:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
(date; echo; df; echo; lsblk -o NAME,LABEL /dev/sda) | lp<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
= Install process =<br />
<br />
Reboot. On the grub2 boot screen, select <b>Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 64-bit iso</b> (following the example here) or whatever name you have put when you defined the grub2 "menuentry" field in <b>/etc/grub.d/40_custom</b>.<br />
<br />
After booting the network install image, select "boot from disk" and identify the partition where you stored the Mageia install ISO and the name of the mageia install ISO file.<br />
<br />
Complete install as normal.<br />
<br />
<br />
= Post install: add loopback mount of ISO install image =<br />
<br />
One of the advantages of having the Mageia install ISO file on hard disk is that we can loop mount it and add it to the URPMI configuration.<br />
This makes installing of additional packages much faster (than going out across the network).<br />
<br />
<br />
In the example shown on this page, partition <b>/dev/sda1</b> was mounted at <b>/mnt/install-iso/</b>.<br />
This will not have been automatically mounted during the install but will instead be mounted as <b>/mnt/hd/</b>.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# df /mnt/hd/<br />
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br />
/dev/sda12 7.9G 3.8G 3.8G 50% /mnt/hd<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
By examining the filesystems table /etc/fstab it will be clear that there is an entry for the Mageia install ISO.<br />
<br />
For example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
$ grep ".iso" /etc/fstab<br />
/mnt/hd/Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64 iso9660 noauto,loop 0 0<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Notice that "noauto" is defined meaning that the install ISO image is not automatically mounted.<br />
We edit /etc/fstab and remove the <b>noauto</b> from the <b>Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso</b> line.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
$ grep ".iso" /etc/fstab<br />
/mnt/hd/Mageia-7.1-x86_64.iso /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64 iso9660 loop 0 0<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
We can check it mounts OK with:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# mount /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64<br />
<br />
# df /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64<br />
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br />
/dev/loop0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Since the install ISO image loop mounts correctly we can also remove the "noauto," from the /etc/fstab entry<br />
so that the mount will automatically happen on reboot.<br />
<br />
Now the Mageia install image is mounted, we can add it as a URPMI source to install any further packages.<br />
In this example, we are using a 64-bit install ISO image so we append "x86_64/" to the urpmi.addmedia command (below):<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# urpmi.addmedia --distrib /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64/x86_64/<br />
adding medium "Core Release (Installer)" before remote medium "Core Release"<br />
adding medium "Nonfree Release (Installer)" before remote medium "Core Release"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[root@zbook ~]# urpmi.addmedia --distrib /mnt/Mageia-7.1-x86_64/x86_64/<br />
adding medium "Core Release (Installer)" before remote medium "Core Release"<br />
adding medium "Nonfree Release (Installer)" before remote medium "Core Release"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Run a system update to confirm loopback install ISO image urpmi source included. Note the keyword "(Installer)":<br />
<pre><br />
[root@zbook ~]# urpmi --auto-update<br />
medium "Core Release (Installer)" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Nonfree Release (Installer)" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Core Release" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Core Updates" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Nonfree Release" is up-to-date<br />
medium "Nonfree Updates" is up-to-date<br />
medium "nonfree" is up-to-date<br />
medium "non-free-updates" is up-to-date<br />
medium "tainted" is up-to-date<br />
medium "tainted-updates" is up-to-date<br />
medium "google-talkplugin" is up-to-date<br />
medium "google-chrome" is up-to-date<br />
Packages are up to date<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
= Appendix 1: 64 bit version of append for /etc/grub.d/40_custom =<br />
<br />
Note, keep your own modified copy of this in your ${HOME}/etc_grub.d_40_custom for future reference<br />
because the copy that is created in /etc/grub.d/40_custom will be overwritten in the install process.<br />
<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
# Example for adding to /etc/grub.d/40_custom<br />
# <br />
# Reference: https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Installing_Mageia_from_ISO_images_on_disk_using_grub2<br />
#<br />
# NB ensure correct values set for your configuration below:<br />
#<br />
# 1) set isofile=<br />
# example: set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
# NB leading "/"<br />
#<br />
# 2) set root=<br />
# example: set root="hd0,1"<br />
# This is for /dev/sda1. Other examples:<br />
# /mnt/install-iso/ mounted at /dev/sda12 is "hd0,12"<br />
# /mnt/install-iso/ mounted at /dev/sdb9 is "hd1,9"<br />
#<br />
# 3) loopback loop<br />
# example: loopback loop (hd0,1)$isofile<br />
# NB "hd0,1" is /dev/sda1 and no "/" before "$isofile"<br />
#<br />
# <br />
<br />
menuentry "Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 64-bit iso" {<br />
insmod gzio<br />
insmod part_msdos<br />
insmod ext2<br />
insmod xfs<br />
insmod loopback<br />
insmod iso9660<br />
insmod udf<br />
set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-x86_64.iso"<br />
set root="hd0,1"<br />
loopback loop (hd0,1)$isofile<br />
linux (loop)/isolinux/x86_64/vmlinuz isofile=$isofile<br />
initrd (loop)/isolinux/x86_64/all.rdz<br />
}<br />
<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
= Appendix 2: 32-bit version of append for /etc/grub.d/40_custom =<br />
<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
# 32-bit example:<br />
# NB: for the 32-bit version, the ISO filename has "i586"<br />
# but the "linux" and "loop" paths use "i386".<br />
# (Can verify by loop mounting the network install ISO and checking paths.)<br />
<br />
menuentry "Mageia 7 Network Install nonfree 32-bit iso" {<br />
insmod gzio<br />
insmod part_msdos<br />
insmod ext2<br />
insmod xfs<br />
insmod loopback<br />
insmod iso9660<br />
insmod udf<br />
set isofile="/Mageia-7-netinstall-nonfree-i586.iso"<br />
set root="hd0,1"<br />
loopback loop (hd0,1)$isofile<br />
linux (loop)/isolinux/i386/vmlinuz isofile=$isofile<br />
initrd (loop)/isolinux/i386/all.rdz<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
</pre></div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Managing_the_website&diff=45033Managing the website2019-07-04T22:33:02Z<p>Filip: /* Procedure of adding pdf and epub files for download */ add ftp part - semiautomated way</p>
<hr />
<div>= Read this first =<br />
<br />
The website (www.mageia.org) does not depend on a particular framework. It has evolved from scratch from the early first pages. While it may be useful (and perhaps even necessary) to migrate this very www.m.o to a more structured, documented and maintained foundation, one must first understand [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Atelier_Webteam#Current_apps_.26_sites the whole set of websites], how they relate to each other, how their management differs and how they can be unified somehow through a common top navigation scheme and identity.<br />
<br />
It is very slow, ongoing work: improving the existing code, that does not disrupt, but improves on the existing management of the site, codenamed Pinq. It may, or not, be a good path to follow.<br />
<br />
You might want to check [[Website documentation]] and [[Atelier Webteam]] too.<br />
<br />
= Structure of the website =<br />
<br />
== Code & config ==<br />
<br />
You can check out the code from:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] clone mga:web/www<br />
<br />
The _nav folder is now a submodule, so after cloning change into the www folder and run:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] submodule update --init<br />
<br />
Config is done in:<br />
<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/manifests/init.pp<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_www.conf<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_static.conf<br />
<br />
== Where should new content go ==<br />
<br />
In '''en/path-to-your-content'''. And please [[#How_to_create.2Fedit_translatable_content_for_the_website|regenerate translatable content for the website]] too.<br />
<br />
== Organization: (too) many directories ==<br />
<br />
* '''root redirection''' ones: 1, 2, 3, community, about, contribute, donate, downloads, map, migrate, support: they are there only to redirect to the same directory, in the right locale. For instance, HTTP GET http://mageia.org/about/ with Spanish as a preferred language will redirect you to http://mageia.org/es/about/ => can be improved with a redirection rule in the .htaccess<br />
* '''locale-based''' ones: en, fr, es, ru, etc. Contain locale-specific content. Actually, now, the main content is written and localized in the en/ one. All other contain (or must contain) symbolic links to their English equivalent except for really locale-specific content, which translation is better managed by a totally separate document.<br />
* '''g''': stores all site static assets: stylesheets, javascript, images.<br />
* '''langs''': stores all localization stuff<br />
<br />
* '''_nav''': local copy of [https://nav.mageia.org/ nav.mageia.org] code<br />
* '''lib''': contains various libraries<br />
* '''var''': technical area<br />
* '''tools''': various scripts to manage some contents on the site<br />
<br />
* '''langs.inc.php''': defines managed locales, redirections and i18n utilities<br />
* '''langs.php''': (very misnamed legacy) a kind of a first include to call before all pages<br />
* '''app.php''', '''apps''', '''lib/pinq''': part of a future change in how the website is served (let's tag this as #Pinq as it is the prefix for the related code)<br />
* '''en/downloads''', '''lib/Downloads.php''', '''lib/cached.list.php''', '''lib/mga_geoip.php''', '''lib/maxmind''' are related to the downloads pages on the site<br />
<br />
= Code Style Tips =<br />
<br />
== Local Links ==<br />
<br />
Please use relative local links that are i18n friendly. Use of hreflang="en" is not preferable in this case as users expect next web page in the same language anyway.<br />
<br />
YES: <code><a href="../donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></code><br />
<br />
NO: <code><del><a href="/en/donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></del></code><br />
<br />
== Wiki Links ==<br />
<br />
One suggestion for Wiki links: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Release notes</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Another possibility: <code><nowiki><li><?php _g('<a href="%s">Release notes</a>', array('https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes'))?></li></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Example of translation for both cases in French: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
or, when that wiki page is translated: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_:_Notes_de_Version_-_FR">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<br />
Please use both tags and make them translatable for alt and title in <img> tag like:<br />
<br />
<code><img src="/g/media/covers/3/Mga3_Live_DVD_64_KDE.png" alt="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>" title="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>"></code><br />
<br />
== i18n helpers ==<br />
<br />
=== _r() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''capture''' a translated string with sprintf() for example.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_t()</code> and <code>_d()</code> but does not append space by default. <br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
/**<br />
* Returns a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* it can append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Note that it trims {ok} for translations equal to original too.<br />
*<br />
* Use it when you need to capture the string to output.<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
* echo _r("Hello!", ' ') . _r("How are you?")<br />
* which should return translated: Hello! How are you?<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param string $sufix append (usually space)<br />
*<br />
* @return string translated to current locale<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== _g() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''print''' a translated string or a string wrapped into a HTML element.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_e()</code> and <code>_h()</code> but does not append space by default. It also doesn't add <nowiki><p></nowiki> tag by default as <code>_h()</code> does.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
/**<br />
* Higher level function for _r() to echo a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* used also to wrap the translation with HTML tags<br />
* it can also append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
*_g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation<br />
*<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %d!', array(5), 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* OR for only one member of array:<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %s!', 5, 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* will both echo blue link<br />
*<br />
* _g("Hey there.", null, ' '); _g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation: Hey there. How are you?<br />
*<br />
* Return boolean.<br />
* Do not exit the process.<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param array OR string $args for vsprintf/sprintf<br />
* @param string $tag_or_space HTML tag or space to append<br />
*<br />
* @return null<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
= Website and Internationalisation (i18n) =<br />
<br />
The translation of Mageia's website is now managed through templates called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext gettext PO] files. A comprehensive guide to the structure of PO files can be found in [http://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html the official GNU Gettext manual].<br />
The following sections will explain how to create/edit content for the website that can be localised, how to generate the gettext PO files using our scripts, and how to adapt the website for a new locale. Convenient report about i18n progress is available [http://www.mageia.org/langs/report.php here].<br />
<br />
== How to add a new locale to the website ==<br />
<br />
Say your new locale is named LOCALE and has the code LL.<br />
<br />
Required:<br />
* add LL and LOCALE to <code>$langs</code> in <code>/_nav/lib.php</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/_nav/lib.php?id=052f3de401d8859df615c8f92fb2fc7ff5ccc98d Albanian language]).<br />
* create an LL directory for it at the root of the website; add symbolic links inside it. A quick solution is to copy an existing locale (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=941e7a16ef434e310cafb50789f9472048edc6a1 Indonesian ]).<br />
* create a directory structure <code>langs/LL</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=99aa17ac98e36ed19808967c0f2cf0e05751e847 Indonesian ]) or copy it from transifex in CLI: <code>tx pull -l LL</code>. Note that you need to <code>cd into ./langs</code> first.<br />
<br />
= How to create/edit translatable content for the website =<br />
<br />
Example of a procedure (CLI commands are executed from your local already cloned git root of www.mageia.org):<br />
* Refresh from [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/ git].<br />
git pull<br />
* Modify all pages you need for that change. Use suitable [[#i18n_helpers| string helpers]] in each particular case.<br />
* Run [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script] (''msgmerge'' & ''polib'' tools are needed, it's rpms: ''gettext'' ''python-polib'') to recreate all gettext catalogs. Repair errors reported from the script if any. Note that you need to restore target pot file(s) before you can rebuild it/them.<br />
urpmi gettext python-polib # install them as root if needed (only once)<br />
./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh # if you need to rebuild the target file first run git checkout langs/en/target.pot<br />
* Check the success of the script locally in the non English language if you know any.<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|Commit and push]] to git.<br />
git commit -m "page mga 5"<br />
git push<br />
* Please check the success of target page(s) on [https://www.mageia.org www.mageia.org] too! Note that commit doesn't come live instantly but within 5 minutes.<br />
* It's nice to translators if you push changed pot files directly to Transifex (cauldron in this example)<br />
tx push --source --resource=mageia.page-cauldron<br />
tx push --translations --language=your_language_code --resource=mageia.page-cauldron # if you want to push your language also<br />
<br />
= Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) =<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/get/definitions.ini' which contains info about file that can be downloaded via mirror<br />
:* to complete this you could use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/ fidd]. It will create a text.ini that can be copied & pasted to the previous one<br />
:* update netinstall for cauldron iso name (optionally md5 - sha1sum and others too {)<br />
<br />
*Adding directories and copy files from old ones<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
mkdir 7<br />
cp 6/* 7/<br />
./tools/create_new_release_link.sh<br />
<br />
*update 'en/$version/download_index.php' <br />
:* $release set the release (alpha1/beta2/rc)<br />
:* $torrentavailable is a boolean, if torrents are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $classical is a boolean, if classical install are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $live is a boolean, if LiveCD/DVDs are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $dual is a boolean, if DualArch iso is available set it to true, if not to false<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/alternative/index.php'<br />
:* refresh $current and $cauldron variables<br />
<br />
*update cached mirror list if needed 'lib/cached.list.php'<br />
:* in the file 'lib/Downloads.php line 180 "$test_file = $item['url'].'/iso/5/torrents/Mageia-5-LiveDVD-KDE4-x86_64-DVD.torrent';" updates the file to have last inside repo:<br />
:* run php tools/update-mirrors-list.php<br />
:* it will update [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib all cached.lists] especially cached.list.php which has all mirrors (taken from [http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.5.i586.list api from mirror.mageia.org]) that have the specified file, and removing others without it<br />
<br />
*update also other web pages connected with the release of a new version:<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/ http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/support/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/support/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/map/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/map/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/timeline/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/timeline/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/about/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/about/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/4/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/4/] (release version - 1 page)<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/5/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/5/] (release version page)<br />
<br />
*refresh i18n<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
:* copy modified following line to tools/web_projects.dat<br />
resources[7]="en/7/download_index.php en/7/nav.php en/7/index.php"<br />
:* run ./tools/move_i1n8n_release.sh to create l10n files for translators<br />
:* Run ./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script<br />
:* add release to langs/.tx/config file<br />
<br />
= doc.mageia.org =<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding pdf and epub files for download ==<br />
<br />
* ftp part - semiautomated way<br />
:* Adjust release, pdf_dir and epub_dir variables in [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/doc/tree/mageia_doc_binaries.sh script].<br />
:* Run it with ./path/to/script/mageia_doc_binaries.sh "/mirror/dir_name/" "/local_git/dir_name/"<br />
:* Manually add and modify output to [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
:* recheck [http://gitweb.mageia.org/artwork/general/tree/doc_binaries_for_website git] result and push it<br />
:* ask sysadmins nicely to copy from there to [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/doc/ mirrors]<br />
<br />
* ftp part - manual way<br />
:* Prepare local directory structure like [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/people/marcom/ existing one].<br />
:* Copy the files inside with the proper names (''./doc/mgaXX/pdf|epub/installer|mcc|draklive/MageiaXX-DrakX|MCC-lang.pdf|epub''). Directory structure and filenames must be like that so that DL works.<br />
:* Add date.txt file (suggestion: echo Mageia XX > date.txt && LC_ALL=C date >> date.txt) in the ''./doc/mgaXX/'' so the mirrors can be checked later.<br />
:* Now upload all of them to the marcom ftp space.<br />
:* Allow the mirrors at least a few hours to propagate the files.<br />
* www.mageia.org part<br />
:* First [[#Updating working mirrors caching lists|update mirrors list files]] as shown bellow.<br />
:* Add/modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/doc/index.php ''./en/doc/index.php''] to include links [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/en/doc/index.php?id=62ae825edfd34c1dedc76cb9e556c80391f317c5 like before]. Use appropriate names and dash as a separator.<br />
:* Manually modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding html documentation files and pictures ==<br />
<br />
# download an archive from docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/<manual>/<language>/ (you can use script [https://gitweb.mageia.org/web/doc/tree/ autodownload.py] for that or a wget command; for aexample: wget --directory-prefix=./draklive/ --timestamping --no-host-directories --recursive --no-directories --no-parent --accept zip http://docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/draklive/)<br />
# store it anywhere else than your git clone of the documentation repository<br />
# make sure your git clone is up to date and has no uncommitted changes<br />
# in a terminal go into your git clone root and run:<br />
#: ''python3 update_manual.py <manual_name> <release> <language> <archive_path_and_name>''<br />
#; '''this script should:'''<br />
#* check for differences between your git clone for this manual in this release and language,<br />
#* unzip the archive in your git clone,<br />
#* move the common folder if it's an English manual, remove it if not,<br />
#* fix the links to the common folder in the html files,<br />
#* fix the links of missing images (add link to EN ones)<br />
#* and execute the "git add" and "git rm" commands.<br />
# check locally that the manual seems fine<br />
# run git commit to store this new version<br />
# go back to step 1 for the next archive<br />
# git push at the end<br />
<br />
For each manual/release, English should be done first.<br />
<br />
= Git memento =<br />
<br />
== Navigation bar ==<br />
<br />
Inside git, the repository of nav bar is a bit particular. Previously on the svn, there were<br />
two of them. One in web/www/_nav and the other in web/nav. Since the conversion to git, _nav is now a <br />
sub-module, so the previous way to do this has changed.<br />
<br />
When you check out a fresh clone you will need to initialize the nav submodule from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git submodule update --init <br />
<br />
If content changes in the master repository nav folder, you will need to update your clone to reflect the changes:<br />
git submodule update<br />
<br />
Once that is done, change into the _nav folder and pull in any changes there (assuming you're already in the clone's www folder):<br />
cd _nav<br />
git checkout master<br />
git pull<br />
<br />
Now you can edit any files in _nav. <br />
<br />
After making changes, commit and push your changes to the nav submodule, then go back to the www folder:<br />
git commit<br />
git push<br />
cd ..<br />
<br />
Finish committing and push from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git add _nav<br />
git commit -m "Update _nav submodule to latest git" _nav<br />
git show<br />
git push<br />
<br />
:"''This feels wrong as you're adding a folder, but really you're telling www git repo to'' '''add''' ''a reference to the current master commit of the'' '''nav''' ''git repo.''" -- comment from Colin<br />
<br />
If you only need to sync your clone with the latest nav submodule:<br />
git submodule update && cd _nav && git checkout master && git pull && cd ..<br />
<br />
= Updating working mirrors caching lists =<br />
:* Use ''php ./tools/update-mirrors-list.php'' in CLI from the git clone root location to update and then push [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list.php''./lib/cached.list.php''], [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_doc.php''./lib/cached.list_doc.php''] and [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''./lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''] mirrors list files.<br />
<br />
= Options for deleting feed and navigation cache =<br />
<br />
Option for deleting feed cache if blog posts are not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_feed_cache=1<br />
<br />
Option for deleting navigation cache if pages in one language are blank or not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_nav_cache=1<br />
<br />
= Testing tools =<br />
<br />
== TODO ==<br />
<br />
Improve and document tools:<br />
[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/README.md fidd]<br />
php lib/t/00_downloads.t<br />
php lib/t/01_mga_geoip.t<br />
php lib/t/02_downloads_definitions.t<br />
php lib/t/03_lang_redirection.t<br />
<br />
[[Category:Atelier]]<br />
[[Category:Doc]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_7_Development&diff=45013Mageia 7 Development2019-07-03T20:03:32Z<p>Filip: fix to web release date</p>
<hr />
<div>{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 7 Entwicklungsplanung-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia_7_Development|English]] ; [[Mageia 7 Desarrollo|Español]] ; [[Mageia_7_Développement-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia_7_Desenvolvimento-pt|Portuguese (Portugal)]]}}<br />
<br />
<br />
This is the page for Mageia 7 development.<br />
<br />
== Current status ==<br />
<br />
Work on producing stable ISOs of the current Cauldron status is still ongoing, and progresses as human resources and free time permits.<br />
<br />
The estimated release dates listed hereafter are '''only indicative''', and are bound to change depending on the progress of fixing release blocker bugs.<br />
<br />
{{Note|We "Release when ready"!}}<br />
<br />
== Development Schedule ==<br />
{| style="color:black; cellpadding="5%" cellpadding="5%" cellspacing="0" border="1"<br />
! Stage <br />
! Estimated date <br />
! Public <br />
! Released on<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 1'''<br />
| 7. December 2018<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 20. December 2018<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 2'''<br />
| ~2 weeks after (21. December 2018)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 19. February 2019<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 3'''<br />
| a few weeks after release of [https://wiki.gnome.org/ThreePointThirtyone GNOME 3.32] (which is scheduled on 11. March 2019)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 17. April 2019<br />
|- <br />
| Versions freeze<br />
| April 23rd<br />
| <br />
| April 23rd <br />
|- <br />
| Release freeze<br />
| May 13th <br />
| <br />
| May 27th<br />
|-<br />
| '''Release Candidate'''<br />
| May 31st - June 2nd + "when its ready"<br />
| <br />
| May 31st<br />
|- <br />
| '''[[Mageia_7_Release_Notes|Final Release]]'''<br />
| Jun 14th - June 21st ("when its ready")<br />
| developers, anyone<br />
| June 30th<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Technical Specifications ==<br />
<br />
See [[FeatureMageia7_Review| Mageia 7 specifications]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mageia_development]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 7]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Managing_the_website&diff=44944Managing the website2019-06-30T18:52:23Z<p>Filip: /* Procedure of adding html documentation files and pictures */ added link to git</p>
<hr />
<div>= Read this first =<br />
<br />
The website (www.mageia.org) does not depend on a particular framework. It has evolved from scratch from the early first pages. While it may be useful (and perhaps even necessary) to migrate this very www.m.o to a more structured, documented and maintained foundation, one must first understand [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Atelier_Webteam#Current_apps_.26_sites the whole set of websites], how they relate to each other, how their management differs and how they can be unified somehow through a common top navigation scheme and identity.<br />
<br />
It is very slow, ongoing work: improving the existing code, that does not disrupt, but improves on the existing management of the site, codenamed Pinq. It may, or not, be a good path to follow.<br />
<br />
You might want to check [[Website documentation]] and [[Atelier Webteam]] too.<br />
<br />
= Structure of the website =<br />
<br />
== Code & config ==<br />
<br />
You can check out the code from:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] clone mga:web/www<br />
<br />
The _nav folder is now a submodule, so after cloning change into the www folder and run:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] submodule update --init<br />
<br />
Config is done in:<br />
<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/manifests/init.pp<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_www.conf<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_static.conf<br />
<br />
== Where should new content go ==<br />
<br />
In '''en/path-to-your-content'''. And please [[#How_to_create.2Fedit_translatable_content_for_the_website|regenerate translatable content for the website]] too.<br />
<br />
== Organization: (too) many directories ==<br />
<br />
* '''root redirection''' ones: 1, 2, 3, community, about, contribute, donate, downloads, map, migrate, support: they are there only to redirect to the same directory, in the right locale. For instance, HTTP GET http://mageia.org/about/ with Spanish as a preferred language will redirect you to http://mageia.org/es/about/ => can be improved with a redirection rule in the .htaccess<br />
* '''locale-based''' ones: en, fr, es, ru, etc. Contain locale-specific content. Actually, now, the main content is written and localized in the en/ one. All other contain (or must contain) symbolic links to their English equivalent except for really locale-specific content, which translation is better managed by a totally separate document.<br />
* '''g''': stores all site static assets: stylesheets, javascript, images.<br />
* '''langs''': stores all localization stuff<br />
<br />
* '''_nav''': local copy of [https://nav.mageia.org/ nav.mageia.org] code<br />
* '''lib''': contains various libraries<br />
* '''var''': technical area<br />
* '''tools''': various scripts to manage some contents on the site<br />
<br />
* '''langs.inc.php''': defines managed locales, redirections and i18n utilities<br />
* '''langs.php''': (very misnamed legacy) a kind of a first include to call before all pages<br />
* '''app.php''', '''apps''', '''lib/pinq''': part of a future change in how the website is served (let's tag this as #Pinq as it is the prefix for the related code)<br />
* '''en/downloads''', '''lib/Downloads.php''', '''lib/cached.list.php''', '''lib/mga_geoip.php''', '''lib/maxmind''' are related to the downloads pages on the site<br />
<br />
= Code Style Tips =<br />
<br />
== Local Links ==<br />
<br />
Please use relative local links that are i18n friendly. Use of hreflang="en" is not preferable in this case as users expect next web page in the same language anyway.<br />
<br />
YES: <code><a href="../donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></code><br />
<br />
NO: <code><del><a href="/en/donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></del></code><br />
<br />
== Wiki Links ==<br />
<br />
One suggestion for Wiki links: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Release notes</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Another possibility: <code><nowiki><li><?php _g('<a href="%s">Release notes</a>', array('https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes'))?></li></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Example of translation for both cases in French: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
or, when that wiki page is translated: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_:_Notes_de_Version_-_FR">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<br />
Please use both tags and make them translatable for alt and title in <img> tag like:<br />
<br />
<code><img src="/g/media/covers/3/Mga3_Live_DVD_64_KDE.png" alt="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>" title="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>"></code><br />
<br />
== i18n helpers ==<br />
<br />
=== _r() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''capture''' a translated string with sprintf() for example.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_t()</code> and <code>_d()</code> but does not append space by default. <br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
/**<br />
* Returns a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* it can append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Note that it trims {ok} for translations equal to original too.<br />
*<br />
* Use it when you need to capture the string to output.<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
* echo _r("Hello!", ' ') . _r("How are you?")<br />
* which should return translated: Hello! How are you?<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param string $sufix append (usually space)<br />
*<br />
* @return string translated to current locale<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== _g() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''print''' a translated string or a string wrapped into a HTML element.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_e()</code> and <code>_h()</code> but does not append space by default. It also doesn't add <nowiki><p></nowiki> tag by default as <code>_h()</code> does.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
/**<br />
* Higher level function for _r() to echo a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* used also to wrap the translation with HTML tags<br />
* it can also append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
*_g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation<br />
*<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %d!', array(5), 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* OR for only one member of array:<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %s!', 5, 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* will both echo blue link<br />
*<br />
* _g("Hey there.", null, ' '); _g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation: Hey there. How are you?<br />
*<br />
* Return boolean.<br />
* Do not exit the process.<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param array OR string $args for vsprintf/sprintf<br />
* @param string $tag_or_space HTML tag or space to append<br />
*<br />
* @return null<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
= Website and Internationalisation (i18n) =<br />
<br />
The translation of Mageia's website is now managed through templates called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext gettext PO] files. A comprehensive guide to the structure of PO files can be found in [http://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html the official GNU Gettext manual].<br />
The following sections will explain how to create/edit content for the website that can be localised, how to generate the gettext PO files using our scripts, and how to adapt the website for a new locale. Convenient report about i18n progress is available [http://www.mageia.org/langs/report.php here].<br />
<br />
== How to add a new locale to the website ==<br />
<br />
Say your new locale is named LOCALE and has the code LL.<br />
<br />
Required:<br />
* add LL and LOCALE to <code>$langs</code> in <code>/_nav/lib.php</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/_nav/lib.php?id=052f3de401d8859df615c8f92fb2fc7ff5ccc98d Albanian language]).<br />
* create an LL directory for it at the root of the website; add symbolic links inside it. A quick solution is to copy an existing locale (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=941e7a16ef434e310cafb50789f9472048edc6a1 Indonesian ]).<br />
* create a directory structure <code>langs/LL</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=99aa17ac98e36ed19808967c0f2cf0e05751e847 Indonesian ]) or copy it from transifex in CLI: <code>tx pull -l LL</code>. Note that you need to <code>cd into ./langs</code> first.<br />
<br />
= How to create/edit translatable content for the website =<br />
<br />
Example of a procedure (CLI commands are executed from your local already cloned git root of www.mageia.org):<br />
* Refresh from [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/ git].<br />
git pull<br />
* Modify all pages you need for that change. Use suitable [[#i18n_helpers| string helpers]] in each particular case.<br />
* Run [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script] (''msgmerge'' & ''polib'' tools are needed, it's rpms: ''gettext'' ''python-polib'') to recreate all gettext catalogs. Repair errors reported from the script if any. Note that you need to restore target pot file(s) before you can rebuild it/them.<br />
urpmi gettext python-polib # install them as root if needed (only once)<br />
./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh # if you need to rebuild the target file first run git checkout langs/en/target.pot<br />
* Check the success of the script locally in the non English language if you know any.<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|Commit and push]] to git.<br />
git commit -m "page mga 5"<br />
git push<br />
* Please check the success of target page(s) on [https://www.mageia.org www.mageia.org] too! Note that commit doesn't come live instantly but within 5 minutes.<br />
* It's nice to translators if you push changed pot files directly to Transifex (cauldron in this example)<br />
tx push --source --resource=mageia.page-cauldron<br />
tx push --translations --language=your_language_code --resource=mageia.page-cauldron # if you want to push your language also<br />
<br />
= Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) =<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/get/definitions.ini' which contains info about file that can be downloaded via mirror<br />
:* to complete this you could use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/ fidd]. It will create a text.ini that can be copied & pasted to the previous one<br />
:* update netinstall for cauldron iso name (optionally md5 - sha1sum and others too {)<br />
<br />
*Adding directories and copy files from old ones<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
mkdir 7<br />
cp 6/* 7/<br />
./tools/create_new_release_link.sh<br />
<br />
*update 'en/$version/download_index.php' <br />
:* $release set the release (alpha1/beta2/rc)<br />
:* $torrentavailable is a boolean, if torrents are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $classical is a boolean, if classical install are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $live is a boolean, if LiveCD/DVDs are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $dual is a boolean, if DualArch iso is available set it to true, if not to false<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/alternative/index.php'<br />
:* refresh $current and $cauldron variables<br />
<br />
*update cached mirror list if needed 'lib/cached.list.php'<br />
:* in the file 'lib/Downloads.php line 180 "$test_file = $item['url'].'/iso/5/torrents/Mageia-5-LiveDVD-KDE4-x86_64-DVD.torrent';" updates the file to have last inside repo:<br />
:* run php tools/update-mirrors-list.php<br />
:* it will update [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib all cached.lists] especially cached.list.php which has all mirrors (taken from [http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.5.i586.list api from mirror.mageia.org]) that have the specified file, and removing others without it<br />
<br />
*update also other web pages connected with the release of a new version:<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/ http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/support/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/support/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/map/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/map/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/timeline/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/timeline/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/about/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/about/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/4/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/4/] (release version - 1 page)<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/5/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/5/] (release version page)<br />
<br />
*refresh i18n<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
:* copy modified following line to tools/web_projects.dat<br />
resources[7]="en/7/download_index.php en/7/nav.php en/7/index.php"<br />
:* run ./tools/move_i1n8n_release.sh to create l10n files for translators<br />
:* Run ./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script<br />
:* add release to langs/.tx/config file<br />
<br />
= doc.mageia.org =<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding pdf and epub files for download ==<br />
<br />
* ftp part<br />
:* Prepare local directory structure like [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/people/marcom/ existing one].<br />
:* Copy the files inside with the proper names (''./doc/mgaXX/pdf|epub/installer|mcc|draklive/MageiaXX-DrakX|MCC-lang.pdf|epub''). Directory structure and filenames must be like that so that DL works.<br />
:* Add date.txt file (suggestion: echo Mageia XX > date.txt && LC_ALL=C date >> date.txt) in the ''./doc/mgaXX/'' so the mirrors can be checked later.<br />
:* Now upload all of them to the marcom ftp space.<br />
:* Allow the mirrors at least a few hours to propagate the files.<br />
* www.mageia.org part<br />
:* First [[#Updating working mirrors caching lists|update mirrors list files]] as shown bellow.<br />
:* Add/modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/doc/index.php ''./en/doc/index.php''] to include links [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/en/doc/index.php?id=62ae825edfd34c1dedc76cb9e556c80391f317c5 like before]. Use appropriate names and dash as a separator.<br />
:* Manually modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding html documentation files and pictures ==<br />
<br />
# download an archive from docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/<manual>/<language>/ (you can use script [https://gitweb.mageia.org/web/doc/tree/ autodownload.py] for that or a wget command; for aexample: wget --directory-prefix=./draklive/ --timestamping --no-host-directories --recursive --no-directories --no-parent --accept zip http://docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/draklive/)<br />
# store it anywhere else than your git clone of the documentation repository<br />
# make sure your git clone is up to date and has no uncommitted changes<br />
# in a terminal go into your git clone root and run:<br />
#: ''python3 update_manual.py <manual_name> <release> <language> <archive_path_and_name>''<br />
#; '''this script should:'''<br />
#* check for differences between your git clone for this manual in this release and language,<br />
#* unzip the archive in your git clone,<br />
#* move the common folder if it's an English manual, remove it if not,<br />
#* fix the links to the common folder in the html files,<br />
#* fix the links of missing images (add link to EN ones)<br />
#* and execute the "git add" and "git rm" commands.<br />
# check locally that the manual seems fine<br />
# run git commit to store this new version<br />
# go back to step 1 for the next archive<br />
# git push at the end<br />
<br />
For each manual/release, English should be done first.<br />
<br />
= Git memento =<br />
<br />
== Navigation bar ==<br />
<br />
Inside git, the repository of nav bar is a bit particular. Previously on the svn, there were<br />
two of them. One in web/www/_nav and the other in web/nav. Since the conversion to git, _nav is now a <br />
sub-module, so the previous way to do this has changed.<br />
<br />
When you check out a fresh clone you will need to initialize the nav submodule from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git submodule update --init <br />
<br />
If content changes in the master repository nav folder, you will need to update your clone to reflect the changes:<br />
git submodule update<br />
<br />
Once that is done, change into the _nav folder and pull in any changes there (assuming you're already in the clone's www folder):<br />
cd _nav<br />
git checkout master<br />
git pull<br />
<br />
Now you can edit any files in _nav. <br />
<br />
After making changes, commit and push your changes to the nav submodule, then go back to the www folder:<br />
git commit<br />
git push<br />
cd ..<br />
<br />
Finish committing and push from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git add _nav<br />
git commit -m "Update _nav submodule to latest git" _nav<br />
git show<br />
git push<br />
<br />
:"''This feels wrong as you're adding a folder, but really you're telling www git repo to'' '''add''' ''a reference to the current master commit of the'' '''nav''' ''git repo.''" -- comment from Colin<br />
<br />
If you only need to sync your clone with the latest nav submodule:<br />
git submodule update && cd _nav && git checkout master && git pull && cd ..<br />
<br />
= Updating working mirrors caching lists =<br />
:* Use ''php ./tools/update-mirrors-list.php'' in CLI from the git clone root location to update and then push [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list.php''./lib/cached.list.php''], [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_doc.php''./lib/cached.list_doc.php''] and [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''./lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''] mirrors list files.<br />
<br />
= Options for deleting feed and navigation cache =<br />
<br />
Option for deleting feed cache if blog posts are not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_feed_cache=1<br />
<br />
Option for deleting navigation cache if pages in one language are blank or not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_nav_cache=1<br />
<br />
= Testing tools =<br />
<br />
== TODO ==<br />
<br />
Improve and document tools:<br />
[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/README.md fidd]<br />
php lib/t/00_downloads.t<br />
php lib/t/01_mga_geoip.t<br />
php lib/t/02_downloads_definitions.t<br />
php lib/t/03_lang_redirection.t<br />
<br />
[[Category:Atelier]]<br />
[[Category:Doc]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Managing_the_website&diff=44934Managing the website2019-06-30T12:19:29Z<p>Filip: /* Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) */ add some i18n stuff</p>
<hr />
<div>= Read this first =<br />
<br />
The website (www.mageia.org) does not depend on a particular framework. It has evolved from scratch from the early first pages. While it may be useful (and perhaps even necessary) to migrate this very www.m.o to a more structured, documented and maintained foundation, one must first understand [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Atelier_Webteam#Current_apps_.26_sites the whole set of websites], how they relate to each other, how their management differs and how they can be unified somehow through a common top navigation scheme and identity.<br />
<br />
It is very slow, ongoing work: improving the existing code, that does not disrupt, but improves on the existing management of the site, codenamed Pinq. It may, or not, be a good path to follow.<br />
<br />
You might want to check [[Website documentation]] and [[Atelier Webteam]] too.<br />
<br />
= Structure of the website =<br />
<br />
== Code & config ==<br />
<br />
You can check out the code from:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] clone mga:web/www<br />
<br />
The _nav folder is now a submodule, so after cloning change into the www folder and run:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] submodule update --init<br />
<br />
Config is done in:<br />
<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/manifests/init.pp<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_www.conf<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_static.conf<br />
<br />
== Where should new content go ==<br />
<br />
In '''en/path-to-your-content'''. And please [[#How_to_create.2Fedit_translatable_content_for_the_website|regenerate translatable content for the website]] too.<br />
<br />
== Organization: (too) many directories ==<br />
<br />
* '''root redirection''' ones: 1, 2, 3, community, about, contribute, donate, downloads, map, migrate, support: they are there only to redirect to the same directory, in the right locale. For instance, HTTP GET http://mageia.org/about/ with Spanish as a preferred language will redirect you to http://mageia.org/es/about/ => can be improved with a redirection rule in the .htaccess<br />
* '''locale-based''' ones: en, fr, es, ru, etc. Contain locale-specific content. Actually, now, the main content is written and localized in the en/ one. All other contain (or must contain) symbolic links to their English equivalent except for really locale-specific content, which translation is better managed by a totally separate document.<br />
* '''g''': stores all site static assets: stylesheets, javascript, images.<br />
* '''langs''': stores all localization stuff<br />
<br />
* '''_nav''': local copy of [https://nav.mageia.org/ nav.mageia.org] code<br />
* '''lib''': contains various libraries<br />
* '''var''': technical area<br />
* '''tools''': various scripts to manage some contents on the site<br />
<br />
* '''langs.inc.php''': defines managed locales, redirections and i18n utilities<br />
* '''langs.php''': (very misnamed legacy) a kind of a first include to call before all pages<br />
* '''app.php''', '''apps''', '''lib/pinq''': part of a future change in how the website is served (let's tag this as #Pinq as it is the prefix for the related code)<br />
* '''en/downloads''', '''lib/Downloads.php''', '''lib/cached.list.php''', '''lib/mga_geoip.php''', '''lib/maxmind''' are related to the downloads pages on the site<br />
<br />
= Code Style Tips =<br />
<br />
== Local Links ==<br />
<br />
Please use relative local links that are i18n friendly. Use of hreflang="en" is not preferable in this case as users expect next web page in the same language anyway.<br />
<br />
YES: <code><a href="../donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></code><br />
<br />
NO: <code><del><a href="/en/donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></del></code><br />
<br />
== Wiki Links ==<br />
<br />
One suggestion for Wiki links: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Release notes</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Another possibility: <code><nowiki><li><?php _g('<a href="%s">Release notes</a>', array('https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes'))?></li></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Example of translation for both cases in French: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
or, when that wiki page is translated: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_:_Notes_de_Version_-_FR">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<br />
Please use both tags and make them translatable for alt and title in <img> tag like:<br />
<br />
<code><img src="/g/media/covers/3/Mga3_Live_DVD_64_KDE.png" alt="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>" title="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>"></code><br />
<br />
== i18n helpers ==<br />
<br />
=== _r() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''capture''' a translated string with sprintf() for example.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_t()</code> and <code>_d()</code> but does not append space by default. <br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
/**<br />
* Returns a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* it can append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Note that it trims {ok} for translations equal to original too.<br />
*<br />
* Use it when you need to capture the string to output.<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
* echo _r("Hello!", ' ') . _r("How are you?")<br />
* which should return translated: Hello! How are you?<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param string $sufix append (usually space)<br />
*<br />
* @return string translated to current locale<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== _g() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''print''' a translated string or a string wrapped into a HTML element.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_e()</code> and <code>_h()</code> but does not append space by default. It also doesn't add <nowiki><p></nowiki> tag by default as <code>_h()</code> does.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
/**<br />
* Higher level function for _r() to echo a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* used also to wrap the translation with HTML tags<br />
* it can also append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
*_g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation<br />
*<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %d!', array(5), 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* OR for only one member of array:<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %s!', 5, 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* will both echo blue link<br />
*<br />
* _g("Hey there.", null, ' '); _g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation: Hey there. How are you?<br />
*<br />
* Return boolean.<br />
* Do not exit the process.<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param array OR string $args for vsprintf/sprintf<br />
* @param string $tag_or_space HTML tag or space to append<br />
*<br />
* @return null<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
= Website and Internationalisation (i18n) =<br />
<br />
The translation of Mageia's website is now managed through templates called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext gettext PO] files. A comprehensive guide to the structure of PO files can be found in [http://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html the official GNU Gettext manual].<br />
The following sections will explain how to create/edit content for the website that can be localised, how to generate the gettext PO files using our scripts, and how to adapt the website for a new locale. Convenient report about i18n progress is available [http://www.mageia.org/langs/report.php here].<br />
<br />
== How to add a new locale to the website ==<br />
<br />
Say your new locale is named LOCALE and has the code LL.<br />
<br />
Required:<br />
* add LL and LOCALE to <code>$langs</code> in <code>/_nav/lib.php</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/_nav/lib.php?id=052f3de401d8859df615c8f92fb2fc7ff5ccc98d Albanian language]).<br />
* create an LL directory for it at the root of the website; add symbolic links inside it. A quick solution is to copy an existing locale (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=941e7a16ef434e310cafb50789f9472048edc6a1 Indonesian ]).<br />
* create a directory structure <code>langs/LL</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=99aa17ac98e36ed19808967c0f2cf0e05751e847 Indonesian ]) or copy it from transifex in CLI: <code>tx pull -l LL</code>. Note that you need to <code>cd into ./langs</code> first.<br />
<br />
= How to create/edit translatable content for the website =<br />
<br />
Example of a procedure (CLI commands are executed from your local already cloned git root of www.mageia.org):<br />
* Refresh from [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/ git].<br />
git pull<br />
* Modify all pages you need for that change. Use suitable [[#i18n_helpers| string helpers]] in each particular case.<br />
* Run [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script] (''msgmerge'' & ''polib'' tools are needed, it's rpms: ''gettext'' ''python-polib'') to recreate all gettext catalogs. Repair errors reported from the script if any. Note that you need to restore target pot file(s) before you can rebuild it/them.<br />
urpmi gettext python-polib # install them as root if needed (only once)<br />
./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh # if you need to rebuild the target file first run git checkout langs/en/target.pot<br />
* Check the success of the script locally in the non English language if you know any.<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|Commit and push]] to git.<br />
git commit -m "page mga 5"<br />
git push<br />
* Please check the success of target page(s) on [https://www.mageia.org www.mageia.org] too! Note that commit doesn't come live instantly but within 5 minutes.<br />
* It's nice to translators if you push changed pot files directly to Transifex (cauldron in this example)<br />
tx push --source --resource=mageia.page-cauldron<br />
tx push --translations --language=your_language_code --resource=mageia.page-cauldron # if you want to push your language also<br />
<br />
= Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) =<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/get/definitions.ini' which contains info about file that can be downloaded via mirror<br />
:* to complete this you could use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/ fidd]. It will create a text.ini that can be copied & pasted to the previous one<br />
:* update netinstall for cauldron iso name (optionally md5 - sha1sum and others too {)<br />
<br />
*Adding directories and copy files from old ones<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
mkdir 7<br />
cp 6/* 7/<br />
./tools/create_new_release_link.sh<br />
<br />
*update 'en/$version/download_index.php' <br />
:* $release set the release (alpha1/beta2/rc)<br />
:* $torrentavailable is a boolean, if torrents are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $classical is a boolean, if classical install are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $live is a boolean, if LiveCD/DVDs are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $dual is a boolean, if DualArch iso is available set it to true, if not to false<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/alternative/index.php'<br />
:* refresh $current and $cauldron variables<br />
<br />
*update cached mirror list if needed 'lib/cached.list.php'<br />
:* in the file 'lib/Downloads.php line 180 "$test_file = $item['url'].'/iso/5/torrents/Mageia-5-LiveDVD-KDE4-x86_64-DVD.torrent';" updates the file to have last inside repo:<br />
:* run php tools/update-mirrors-list.php<br />
:* it will update [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib all cached.lists] especially cached.list.php which has all mirrors (taken from [http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.5.i586.list api from mirror.mageia.org]) that have the specified file, and removing others without it<br />
<br />
*update also other web pages connected with the release of a new version:<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/ http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/support/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/support/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/map/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/map/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/timeline/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/timeline/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/about/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/about/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/4/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/4/] (release version - 1 page)<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/5/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/5/] (release version page)<br />
<br />
*refresh i18n<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
:* copy modified following line to tools/web_projects.dat<br />
resources[7]="en/7/download_index.php en/7/nav.php en/7/index.php"<br />
:* run ./tools/move_i1n8n_release.sh to create l10n files for translators<br />
:* Run ./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script<br />
:* add release to langs/.tx/config file<br />
<br />
= doc.mageia.org =<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding pdf and epub files for download ==<br />
<br />
* ftp part<br />
:* Prepare local directory structure like [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/people/marcom/ existing one].<br />
:* Copy the files inside with the proper names (''./doc/mgaXX/pdf|epub/installer|mcc|draklive/MageiaXX-DrakX|MCC-lang.pdf|epub''). Directory structure and filenames must be like that so that DL works.<br />
:* Add date.txt file (suggestion: echo Mageia XX > date.txt && LC_ALL=C date >> date.txt) in the ''./doc/mgaXX/'' so the mirrors can be checked later.<br />
:* Now upload all of them to the marcom ftp space.<br />
:* Allow the mirrors at least a few hours to propagate the files.<br />
* www.mageia.org part<br />
:* First [[#Updating working mirrors caching lists|update mirrors list files]] as shown bellow.<br />
:* Add/modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/doc/index.php ''./en/doc/index.php''] to include links [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/en/doc/index.php?id=62ae825edfd34c1dedc76cb9e556c80391f317c5 like before]. Use appropriate names and dash as a separator.<br />
:* Manually modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding html documentation files and pictures ==<br />
<br />
# download an archive from docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/<manual>/<language>/ (you can use script autodownload.py for that or a wget command; for aexample: wget --directory-prefix=./draklive/ --timestamping --no-host-directories --recursive --no-directories --no-parent --accept zip http://docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/draklive/)<br />
# store it anywhere else than your git clone of the documentation repository<br />
# make sure your git clone is up to date and has no uncommitted changes<br />
# in a terminal go into your git clone root and run:<br />
#: ''python3 update_manual.py <manual_name> <release> <language> <archive_path_and_name>''<br />
#; '''this script should:'''<br />
#* check for differences between your git clone for this manual in this release and language,<br />
#* unzip the archive in your git clone,<br />
#* move the common folder if it's an English manual, remove it if not,<br />
#* fix the links to the common folder in the html files,<br />
#* fix the links of missing images (add link to EN ones)<br />
#* and execute the "git add" and "git rm" commands.<br />
# check locally that the manual seems fine<br />
# run git commit to store this new version<br />
# go back to step 1 for the next archive<br />
# git push at the end<br />
<br />
For each manual/release, English should be done first.<br />
<br />
= Git memento =<br />
<br />
== Navigation bar ==<br />
<br />
Inside git, the repository of nav bar is a bit particular. Previously on the svn, there were<br />
two of them. One in web/www/_nav and the other in web/nav. Since the conversion to git, _nav is now a <br />
sub-module, so the previous way to do this has changed.<br />
<br />
When you check out a fresh clone you will need to initialize the nav submodule from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git submodule update --init <br />
<br />
If content changes in the master repository nav folder, you will need to update your clone to reflect the changes:<br />
git submodule update<br />
<br />
Once that is done, change into the _nav folder and pull in any changes there (assuming you're already in the clone's www folder):<br />
cd _nav<br />
git checkout master<br />
git pull<br />
<br />
Now you can edit any files in _nav. <br />
<br />
After making changes, commit and push your changes to the nav submodule, then go back to the www folder:<br />
git commit<br />
git push<br />
cd ..<br />
<br />
Finish committing and push from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git add _nav<br />
git commit -m "Update _nav submodule to latest git" _nav<br />
git show<br />
git push<br />
<br />
:"''This feels wrong as you're adding a folder, but really you're telling www git repo to'' '''add''' ''a reference to the current master commit of the'' '''nav''' ''git repo.''" -- comment from Colin<br />
<br />
If you only need to sync your clone with the latest nav submodule:<br />
git submodule update && cd _nav && git checkout master && git pull && cd ..<br />
<br />
= Updating working mirrors caching lists =<br />
:* Use ''php ./tools/update-mirrors-list.php'' in CLI from the git clone root location to update and then push [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list.php''./lib/cached.list.php''], [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_doc.php''./lib/cached.list_doc.php''] and [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''./lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''] mirrors list files.<br />
<br />
= Options for deleting feed and navigation cache =<br />
<br />
Option for deleting feed cache if blog posts are not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_feed_cache=1<br />
<br />
Option for deleting navigation cache if pages in one language are blank or not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_nav_cache=1<br />
<br />
= Testing tools =<br />
<br />
== TODO ==<br />
<br />
Improve and document tools:<br />
[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/README.md fidd]<br />
php lib/t/00_downloads.t<br />
php lib/t/01_mga_geoip.t<br />
php lib/t/02_downloads_definitions.t<br />
php lib/t/03_lang_redirection.t<br />
<br />
[[Category:Atelier]]<br />
[[Category:Doc]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Managing_the_website&diff=44913Managing the website2019-06-29T21:42:14Z<p>Filip: /* Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) */ add some more new release work</p>
<hr />
<div>= Read this first =<br />
<br />
The website (www.mageia.org) does not depend on a particular framework. It has evolved from scratch from the early first pages. While it may be useful (and perhaps even necessary) to migrate this very www.m.o to a more structured, documented and maintained foundation, one must first understand [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Atelier_Webteam#Current_apps_.26_sites the whole set of websites], how they relate to each other, how their management differs and how they can be unified somehow through a common top navigation scheme and identity.<br />
<br />
It is very slow, ongoing work: improving the existing code, that does not disrupt, but improves on the existing management of the site, codenamed Pinq. It may, or not, be a good path to follow.<br />
<br />
You might want to check [[Website documentation]] and [[Atelier Webteam]] too.<br />
<br />
= Structure of the website =<br />
<br />
== Code & config ==<br />
<br />
You can check out the code from:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] clone mga:web/www<br />
<br />
The _nav folder is now a submodule, so after cloning change into the www folder and run:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] submodule update --init<br />
<br />
Config is done in:<br />
<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/manifests/init.pp<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_www.conf<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_static.conf<br />
<br />
== Where should new content go ==<br />
<br />
In '''en/path-to-your-content'''. And please [[#How_to_create.2Fedit_translatable_content_for_the_website|regenerate translatable content for the website]] too.<br />
<br />
== Organization: (too) many directories ==<br />
<br />
* '''root redirection''' ones: 1, 2, 3, community, about, contribute, donate, downloads, map, migrate, support: they are there only to redirect to the same directory, in the right locale. For instance, HTTP GET http://mageia.org/about/ with Spanish as a preferred language will redirect you to http://mageia.org/es/about/ => can be improved with a redirection rule in the .htaccess<br />
* '''locale-based''' ones: en, fr, es, ru, etc. Contain locale-specific content. Actually, now, the main content is written and localized in the en/ one. All other contain (or must contain) symbolic links to their English equivalent except for really locale-specific content, which translation is better managed by a totally separate document.<br />
* '''g''': stores all site static assets: stylesheets, javascript, images.<br />
* '''langs''': stores all localization stuff<br />
<br />
* '''_nav''': local copy of [https://nav.mageia.org/ nav.mageia.org] code<br />
* '''lib''': contains various libraries<br />
* '''var''': technical area<br />
* '''tools''': various scripts to manage some contents on the site<br />
<br />
* '''langs.inc.php''': defines managed locales, redirections and i18n utilities<br />
* '''langs.php''': (very misnamed legacy) a kind of a first include to call before all pages<br />
* '''app.php''', '''apps''', '''lib/pinq''': part of a future change in how the website is served (let's tag this as #Pinq as it is the prefix for the related code)<br />
* '''en/downloads''', '''lib/Downloads.php''', '''lib/cached.list.php''', '''lib/mga_geoip.php''', '''lib/maxmind''' are related to the downloads pages on the site<br />
<br />
= Code Style Tips =<br />
<br />
== Local Links ==<br />
<br />
Please use relative local links that are i18n friendly. Use of hreflang="en" is not preferable in this case as users expect next web page in the same language anyway.<br />
<br />
YES: <code><a href="../donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></code><br />
<br />
NO: <code><del><a href="/en/donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></del></code><br />
<br />
== Wiki Links ==<br />
<br />
One suggestion for Wiki links: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Release notes</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Another possibility: <code><nowiki><li><?php _g('<a href="%s">Release notes</a>', array('https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes'))?></li></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Example of translation for both cases in French: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
or, when that wiki page is translated: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_:_Notes_de_Version_-_FR">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<br />
Please use both tags and make them translatable for alt and title in <img> tag like:<br />
<br />
<code><img src="/g/media/covers/3/Mga3_Live_DVD_64_KDE.png" alt="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>" title="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>"></code><br />
<br />
== i18n helpers ==<br />
<br />
=== _r() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''capture''' a translated string with sprintf() for example.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_t()</code> and <code>_d()</code> but does not append space by default. <br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
/**<br />
* Returns a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* it can append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Note that it trims {ok} for translations equal to original too.<br />
*<br />
* Use it when you need to capture the string to output.<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
* echo _r("Hello!", ' ') . _r("How are you?")<br />
* which should return translated: Hello! How are you?<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param string $sufix append (usually space)<br />
*<br />
* @return string translated to current locale<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== _g() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''print''' a translated string or a string wrapped into a HTML element.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_e()</code> and <code>_h()</code> but does not append space by default. It also doesn't add <nowiki><p></nowiki> tag by default as <code>_h()</code> does.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
/**<br />
* Higher level function for _r() to echo a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* used also to wrap the translation with HTML tags<br />
* it can also append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
*_g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation<br />
*<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %d!', array(5), 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* OR for only one member of array:<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %s!', 5, 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* will both echo blue link<br />
*<br />
* _g("Hey there.", null, ' '); _g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation: Hey there. How are you?<br />
*<br />
* Return boolean.<br />
* Do not exit the process.<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param array OR string $args for vsprintf/sprintf<br />
* @param string $tag_or_space HTML tag or space to append<br />
*<br />
* @return null<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
= Website and Internationalisation (i18n) =<br />
<br />
The translation of Mageia's website is now managed through templates called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext gettext PO] files. A comprehensive guide to the structure of PO files can be found in [http://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html the official GNU Gettext manual].<br />
The following sections will explain how to create/edit content for the website that can be localised, how to generate the gettext PO files using our scripts, and how to adapt the website for a new locale. Convenient report about i18n progress is available [http://www.mageia.org/langs/report.php here].<br />
<br />
== How to add a new locale to the website ==<br />
<br />
Say your new locale is named LOCALE and has the code LL.<br />
<br />
Required:<br />
* add LL and LOCALE to <code>$langs</code> in <code>/_nav/lib.php</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/_nav/lib.php?id=052f3de401d8859df615c8f92fb2fc7ff5ccc98d Albanian language]).<br />
* create an LL directory for it at the root of the website; add symbolic links inside it. A quick solution is to copy an existing locale (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=941e7a16ef434e310cafb50789f9472048edc6a1 Indonesian ]).<br />
* create a directory structure <code>langs/LL</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=99aa17ac98e36ed19808967c0f2cf0e05751e847 Indonesian ]) or copy it from transifex in CLI: <code>tx pull -l LL</code>. Note that you need to <code>cd into ./langs</code> first.<br />
<br />
= How to create/edit translatable content for the website =<br />
<br />
Example of a procedure (CLI commands are executed from your local already cloned git root of www.mageia.org):<br />
* Refresh from [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/ git].<br />
git pull<br />
* Modify all pages you need for that change. Use suitable [[#i18n_helpers| string helpers]] in each particular case.<br />
* Run [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script] (''msgmerge'' & ''polib'' tools are needed, it's rpms: ''gettext'' ''python-polib'') to recreate all gettext catalogs. Repair errors reported from the script if any. Note that you need to restore target pot file(s) before you can rebuild it/them.<br />
urpmi gettext python-polib # install them as root if needed (only once)<br />
./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh # if you need to rebuild the target file first run git checkout langs/en/target.pot<br />
* Check the success of the script locally in the non English language if you know any.<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|Commit and push]] to git.<br />
git commit -m "page mga 5"<br />
git push<br />
* Please check the success of target page(s) on [https://www.mageia.org www.mageia.org] too! Note that commit doesn't come live instantly but within 5 minutes.<br />
* It's nice to translators if you push changed pot files directly to Transifex (cauldron in this example)<br />
tx push --source --resource=mageia.page-cauldron<br />
tx push --translations --language=your_language_code --resource=mageia.page-cauldron # if you want to push your language also<br />
<br />
= Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) =<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/get/definitions.ini' which contains info about file that can be downloaded via mirror<br />
:* to complete this you could use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/ fidd]. It will create a text.ini that can be copied & pasted to the previous one<br />
:* update netinstall for cauldron iso name (optionally md5 - sha1sum and others too {)<br />
<br />
*Adding directories and copy files from old ones<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
mkdir 7<br />
cp 6/* 7/<br />
ln -s ../en/7 af/7<br />
<br />
*update 'en/$version/download_index.php' <br />
:* $release set the release (alpha1/beta2/rc)<br />
:* $torrentavailable is a boolean, if torrents are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $classical is a boolean, if classical install are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $live is a boolean, if LiveCD/DVDs are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $dual is a boolean, if DualArch iso is available set it to true, if not to false<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/alternative/index.php'<br />
:* refresh $current and $cauldron variables<br />
<br />
*update cached mirror list if needed 'lib/cached.list.php'<br />
:* in the file 'lib/Downloads.php line 180 "$test_file = $item['url'].'/iso/5/torrents/Mageia-5-LiveDVD-KDE4-x86_64-DVD.torrent';" updates the file to have last inside repo:<br />
:* run php tools/update-mirrors-list.php<br />
:* it will update [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib all cached.lists] especially cached.list.php which has all mirrors (taken from [http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.5.i586.list api from mirror.mageia.org]) that have the specified file, and removing others without it<br />
<br />
*update also other web pages connected with the release of a new version:<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/ http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/support/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/support/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/map/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/map/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/timeline/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/timeline/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/about/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/about/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/4/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/4/] (release version - 1 page)<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/5/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/5/] (release version page)<br />
<br />
*refresh i18n<br />
Examples shows adding release 7<br />
:* copy modified following line to tools/web_projects.dat<br />
resources[7]="en/7/download_index.php en/7/nav.php en/7/index.php"<br />
:* Run rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script<br />
<br />
= doc.mageia.org =<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding pdf and epub files for download ==<br />
<br />
* ftp part<br />
:* Prepare local directory structure like [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/people/marcom/ existing one].<br />
:* Copy the files inside with the proper names (''./doc/mgaXX/pdf|epub/installer|mcc|draklive/MageiaXX-DrakX|MCC-lang.pdf|epub''). Directory structure and filenames must be like that so that DL works.<br />
:* Add date.txt file (suggestion: echo Mageia XX > date.txt && LC_ALL=C date >> date.txt) in the ''./doc/mgaXX/'' so the mirrors can be checked later.<br />
:* Now upload all of them to the marcom ftp space.<br />
:* Allow the mirrors at least a few hours to propagate the files.<br />
* www.mageia.org part<br />
:* First [[#Updating working mirrors caching lists|update mirrors list files]] as shown bellow.<br />
:* Add/modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/doc/index.php ''./en/doc/index.php''] to include links [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/en/doc/index.php?id=62ae825edfd34c1dedc76cb9e556c80391f317c5 like before]. Use appropriate names and dash as a separator.<br />
:* Manually modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding html documentation files and pictures ==<br />
<br />
# download an archive from docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/<manual>/<language>/ (you can use script autodownload.py for that or a wget command; for aexample: wget --directory-prefix=./draklive/ --timestamping --no-host-directories --recursive --no-directories --no-parent --accept zip http://docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/draklive/)<br />
# store it anywhere else than your git clone of the documentation repository<br />
# make sure your git clone is up to date and has no uncommitted changes<br />
# in a terminal go into your git clone root and run:<br />
#: ''python3 update_manual.py <manual_name> <release> <language> <archive_path_and_name>''<br />
#; '''this script should:'''<br />
#* check for differences between your git clone for this manual in this release and language,<br />
#* unzip the archive in your git clone,<br />
#* move the common folder if it's an English manual, remove it if not,<br />
#* fix the links to the common folder in the html files,<br />
#* fix the links of missing images (add link to EN ones)<br />
#* and execute the "git add" and "git rm" commands.<br />
# check locally that the manual seems fine<br />
# run git commit to store this new version<br />
# go back to step 1 for the next archive<br />
# git push at the end<br />
<br />
For each manual/release, English should be done first.<br />
<br />
= Git memento =<br />
<br />
== Navigation bar ==<br />
<br />
Inside git, the repository of nav bar is a bit particular. Previously on the svn, there were<br />
two of them. One in web/www/_nav and the other in web/nav. Since the conversion to git, _nav is now a <br />
sub-module, so the previous way to do this has changed.<br />
<br />
When you check out a fresh clone you will need to initialize the nav submodule from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git submodule update --init <br />
<br />
If content changes in the master repository nav folder, you will need to update your clone to reflect the changes:<br />
git submodule update<br />
<br />
Once that is done, change into the _nav folder and pull in any changes there (assuming you're already in the clone's www folder):<br />
cd _nav<br />
git checkout master<br />
git pull<br />
<br />
Now you can edit any files in _nav. <br />
<br />
After making changes, commit and push your changes to the nav submodule, then go back to the www folder:<br />
git commit<br />
git push<br />
cd ..<br />
<br />
Finish committing and push from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git add _nav<br />
git commit -m "Update _nav submodule to latest git" _nav<br />
git show<br />
git push<br />
<br />
:"''This feels wrong as you're adding a folder, but really you're telling www git repo to'' '''add''' ''a reference to the current master commit of the'' '''nav''' ''git repo.''" -- comment from Colin<br />
<br />
If you only need to sync your clone with the latest nav submodule:<br />
git submodule update && cd _nav && git checkout master && git pull && cd ..<br />
<br />
= Updating working mirrors caching lists =<br />
:* Use ''php ./tools/update-mirrors-list.php'' in CLI from the git clone root location to update and then push [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list.php''./lib/cached.list.php''], [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_doc.php''./lib/cached.list_doc.php''] and [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''./lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''] mirrors list files.<br />
<br />
= Options for deleting feed and navigation cache =<br />
<br />
Option for deleting feed cache if blog posts are not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_feed_cache=1<br />
<br />
Option for deleting navigation cache if pages in one language are blank or not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_nav_cache=1<br />
<br />
= Testing tools =<br />
<br />
== TODO ==<br />
<br />
Improve and document tools:<br />
[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/README.md fidd]<br />
php lib/t/00_downloads.t<br />
php lib/t/01_mga_geoip.t<br />
php lib/t/02_downloads_definitions.t<br />
php lib/t/03_lang_redirection.t<br />
<br />
[[Category:Atelier]]<br />
[[Category:Doc]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Managing_the_website&diff=44901Managing the website2019-06-29T19:07:53Z<p>Filip: /* Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) */ add alternative page changes for new release</p>
<hr />
<div>= Read this first =<br />
<br />
The website (www.mageia.org) does not depend on a particular framework. It has evolved from scratch from the early first pages. While it may be useful (and perhaps even necessary) to migrate this very www.m.o to a more structured, documented and maintained foundation, one must first understand [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Atelier_Webteam#Current_apps_.26_sites the whole set of websites], how they relate to each other, how their management differs and how they can be unified somehow through a common top navigation scheme and identity.<br />
<br />
It is very slow, ongoing work: improving the existing code, that does not disrupt, but improves on the existing management of the site, codenamed Pinq. It may, or not, be a good path to follow.<br />
<br />
You might want to check [[Website documentation]] and [[Atelier Webteam]] too.<br />
<br />
= Structure of the website =<br />
<br />
== Code & config ==<br />
<br />
You can check out the code from:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] clone mga:web/www<br />
<br />
The _nav folder is now a submodule, so after cloning change into the www folder and run:<br />
<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|git]] submodule update --init<br />
<br />
Config is done in:<br />
<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/manifests/init.pp<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_www.conf<br />
* http://gitweb.mageia.org/infrastructure/puppet/tree/deployment/websites/templates/vhost_static.conf<br />
<br />
== Where should new content go ==<br />
<br />
In '''en/path-to-your-content'''. And please [[#How_to_create.2Fedit_translatable_content_for_the_website|regenerate translatable content for the website]] too.<br />
<br />
== Organization: (too) many directories ==<br />
<br />
* '''root redirection''' ones: 1, 2, 3, community, about, contribute, donate, downloads, map, migrate, support: they are there only to redirect to the same directory, in the right locale. For instance, HTTP GET http://mageia.org/about/ with Spanish as a preferred language will redirect you to http://mageia.org/es/about/ => can be improved with a redirection rule in the .htaccess<br />
* '''locale-based''' ones: en, fr, es, ru, etc. Contain locale-specific content. Actually, now, the main content is written and localized in the en/ one. All other contain (or must contain) symbolic links to their English equivalent except for really locale-specific content, which translation is better managed by a totally separate document.<br />
* '''g''': stores all site static assets: stylesheets, javascript, images.<br />
* '''langs''': stores all localization stuff<br />
<br />
* '''_nav''': local copy of [https://nav.mageia.org/ nav.mageia.org] code<br />
* '''lib''': contains various libraries<br />
* '''var''': technical area<br />
* '''tools''': various scripts to manage some contents on the site<br />
<br />
* '''langs.inc.php''': defines managed locales, redirections and i18n utilities<br />
* '''langs.php''': (very misnamed legacy) a kind of a first include to call before all pages<br />
* '''app.php''', '''apps''', '''lib/pinq''': part of a future change in how the website is served (let's tag this as #Pinq as it is the prefix for the related code)<br />
* '''en/downloads''', '''lib/Downloads.php''', '''lib/cached.list.php''', '''lib/mga_geoip.php''', '''lib/maxmind''' are related to the downloads pages on the site<br />
<br />
= Code Style Tips =<br />
<br />
== Local Links ==<br />
<br />
Please use relative local links that are i18n friendly. Use of hreflang="en" is not preferable in this case as users expect next web page in the same language anyway.<br />
<br />
YES: <code><a href="../donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></code><br />
<br />
NO: <code><del><a href="/en/donate/"><?php _g('Donations')?></a></del></code><br />
<br />
== Wiki Links ==<br />
<br />
One suggestion for Wiki links: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Release notes</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Another possibility: <code><nowiki><li><?php _g('<a href="%s">Release notes</a>', array('https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes'))?></li></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
Example of translation for both cases in French: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_Release_Notes" hreflang="en">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
or, when that wiki page is translated: <code><nowiki><?php _g('<a href="https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Mageia_3_:_Notes_de_Version_-_FR">Notes de publication</a>')?></nowiki></code><br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<br />
Please use both tags and make them translatable for alt and title in <img> tag like:<br />
<br />
<code><img src="/g/media/covers/3/Mga3_Live_DVD_64_KDE.png" alt="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>" title="<?php _g('Mageia 3 Live DVD 64 KDE logo')?>"></code><br />
<br />
== i18n helpers ==<br />
<br />
=== _r() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''capture''' a translated string with sprintf() for example.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_t()</code> and <code>_d()</code> but does not append space by default. <br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
/**<br />
* Returns a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* it can append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Note that it trims {ok} for translations equal to original too.<br />
*<br />
* Use it when you need to capture the string to output.<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
* echo _r("Hello!", ' ') . _r("How are you?")<br />
* which should return translated: Hello! How are you?<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param string $sufix append (usually space)<br />
*<br />
* @return string translated to current locale<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== _g() ===<br />
Use it when you want to '''print''' a translated string or a string wrapped into a HTML element.<br />
Supersedes deprecated <code>_e()</code> and <code>_h()</code> but does not append space by default. It also doesn't add <nowiki><p></nowiki> tag by default as <code>_h()</code> does.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
/**<br />
* Higher level function for _r() to echo a translated string from global $dictionary<br />
* used also to wrap the translation with HTML tags<br />
* it can also append space if needed<br />
*<br />
* Examples:<br />
*_g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation<br />
*<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %d!', array(5), 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* OR for only one member of array:<br />
* _g('Download Mageia %s!', 5, 'a href="" style="color: blue;"')<br />
* will both echo blue link<br />
*<br />
* _g("Hey there.", null, ' '); _g("How are you?")<br />
* will just echo translation: Hey there. How are you?<br />
*<br />
* Return boolean.<br />
* Do not exit the process.<br />
*<br />
* @param string $string_for_translation which we want to translate<br />
* @param array OR string $args for vsprintf/sprintf<br />
* @param string $tag_or_space HTML tag or space to append<br />
*<br />
* @return null<br />
*/</pre><br />
<br />
= Website and Internationalisation (i18n) =<br />
<br />
The translation of Mageia's website is now managed through templates called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext gettext PO] files. A comprehensive guide to the structure of PO files can be found in [http://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html the official GNU Gettext manual].<br />
The following sections will explain how to create/edit content for the website that can be localised, how to generate the gettext PO files using our scripts, and how to adapt the website for a new locale. Convenient report about i18n progress is available [http://www.mageia.org/langs/report.php here].<br />
<br />
== How to add a new locale to the website ==<br />
<br />
Say your new locale is named LOCALE and has the code LL.<br />
<br />
Required:<br />
* add LL and LOCALE to <code>$langs</code> in <code>/_nav/lib.php</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/_nav/lib.php?id=052f3de401d8859df615c8f92fb2fc7ff5ccc98d Albanian language]).<br />
* create an LL directory for it at the root of the website; add symbolic links inside it. A quick solution is to copy an existing locale (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=941e7a16ef434e310cafb50789f9472048edc6a1 Indonesian ]).<br />
* create a directory structure <code>langs/LL</code> (example for [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/commit/?id=99aa17ac98e36ed19808967c0f2cf0e05751e847 Indonesian ]) or copy it from transifex in CLI: <code>tx pull -l LL</code>. Note that you need to <code>cd into ./langs</code> first.<br />
<br />
= How to create/edit translatable content for the website =<br />
<br />
Example of a procedure (CLI commands are executed from your local already cloned git root of www.mageia.org):<br />
* Refresh from [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/ git].<br />
git pull<br />
* Modify all pages you need for that change. Use suitable [[#i18n_helpers| string helpers]] in each particular case.<br />
* Run [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh script] (''msgmerge'' & ''polib'' tools are needed, it's rpms: ''gettext'' ''python-polib'') to recreate all gettext catalogs. Repair errors reported from the script if any. Note that you need to restore target pot file(s) before you can rebuild it/them.<br />
urpmi gettext python-polib # install them as root if needed (only once)<br />
./tools/rebuild_gettext_catalogs.sh # if you need to rebuild the target file first run git checkout langs/en/target.pot<br />
* Check the success of the script locally in the non English language if you know any.<br />
* [[How_to_use_Git|Commit and push]] to git.<br />
git commit -m "page mga 5"<br />
git push<br />
* Please check the success of target page(s) on [https://www.mageia.org www.mageia.org] too! Note that commit doesn't come live instantly but within 5 minutes.<br />
* It's nice to translators if you push changed pot files directly to Transifex (cauldron in this example)<br />
tx push --source --resource=mageia.page-cauldron<br />
tx push --translations --language=your_language_code --resource=mageia.page-cauldron # if you want to push your language also<br />
<br />
= Manage download web page for new release (cauldron) =<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/get/definitions.ini' which contains info about file that can be downloaded via mirror<br />
:* to complete this you could use [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/ fidd]. It will create a text.ini that can be copied & pasted to the previous one<br />
:* update netinstall for cauldron iso name (optionally md5 - sha1sum and others too {)<br />
<br />
*update 'en/$version/download_index.php' <br />
:* $release set the release (alpha1/beta2/rc)<br />
:* $torrentavailable is a boolean, if torrents are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $classical is a boolean, if classical install are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $live is a boolean, if LiveCD/DVDs are available set it to true, if not to false<br />
:* $dual is a boolean, if DualArch iso is available set it to true, if not to false<br />
<br />
*update 'en/downloads/alternative/index.php'<br />
:* refresh $current and $cauldron variables<br />
<br />
*update cached mirror list if needed 'lib/cached.list.php'<br />
:* in the file 'lib/Downloads.php line 180 "$test_file = $item['url'].'/iso/5/torrents/Mageia-5-LiveDVD-KDE4-x86_64-DVD.torrent';" updates the file to have last inside repo:<br />
:* run php tools/update-mirrors-list.php<br />
:* it will update [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib all cached.lists] especially cached.list.php which has all mirrors (taken from [http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.5.i586.list api from mirror.mageia.org]) that have the specified file, and removing others without it<br />
<br />
*update also other web pages connected with the release of a new version:<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/ http://www.mageia.org/en/downloads/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/support/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/support/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/map/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/map/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/timeline/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/timeline/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/about/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/about/]<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/4/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/4/] (release version - 1 page)<br />
:*[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/5/index.php http://www.mageia.org/en/5/] (release version page)<br />
<br />
= doc.mageia.org =<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding pdf and epub files for download ==<br />
<br />
* ftp part<br />
:* Prepare local directory structure like [http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/Mageia/people/marcom/ existing one].<br />
:* Copy the files inside with the proper names (''./doc/mgaXX/pdf|epub/installer|mcc|draklive/MageiaXX-DrakX|MCC-lang.pdf|epub''). Directory structure and filenames must be like that so that DL works.<br />
:* Add date.txt file (suggestion: echo Mageia XX > date.txt && LC_ALL=C date >> date.txt) in the ''./doc/mgaXX/'' so the mirrors can be checked later.<br />
:* Now upload all of them to the marcom ftp space.<br />
:* Allow the mirrors at least a few hours to propagate the files.<br />
* www.mageia.org part<br />
:* First [[#Updating working mirrors caching lists|update mirrors list files]] as shown bellow.<br />
:* Add/modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/doc/index.php ''./en/doc/index.php''] to include links [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/diff/en/doc/index.php?id=62ae825edfd34c1dedc76cb9e556c80391f317c5 like before]. Use appropriate names and dash as a separator.<br />
:* Manually modify [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini ''./en/downloads/get/definitions_doc.ini'']<br />
<br />
== Procedure of adding html documentation files and pictures ==<br />
<br />
# download an archive from docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/<manual>/<language>/ (you can use script autodownload.py for that or a wget command; for aexample: wget --directory-prefix=./draklive/ --timestamping --no-host-directories --recursive --no-directories --no-parent --accept zip http://docteam.mageia.org.uk/zipped/draklive/)<br />
# store it anywhere else than your git clone of the documentation repository<br />
# make sure your git clone is up to date and has no uncommitted changes<br />
# in a terminal go into your git clone root and run:<br />
#: ''python3 update_manual.py <manual_name> <release> <language> <archive_path_and_name>''<br />
#; '''this script should:'''<br />
#* check for differences between your git clone for this manual in this release and language,<br />
#* unzip the archive in your git clone,<br />
#* move the common folder if it's an English manual, remove it if not,<br />
#* fix the links to the common folder in the html files,<br />
#* fix the links of missing images (add link to EN ones)<br />
#* and execute the "git add" and "git rm" commands.<br />
# check locally that the manual seems fine<br />
# run git commit to store this new version<br />
# go back to step 1 for the next archive<br />
# git push at the end<br />
<br />
For each manual/release, English should be done first.<br />
<br />
= Git memento =<br />
<br />
== Navigation bar ==<br />
<br />
Inside git, the repository of nav bar is a bit particular. Previously on the svn, there were<br />
two of them. One in web/www/_nav and the other in web/nav. Since the conversion to git, _nav is now a <br />
sub-module, so the previous way to do this has changed.<br />
<br />
When you check out a fresh clone you will need to initialize the nav submodule from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git submodule update --init <br />
<br />
If content changes in the master repository nav folder, you will need to update your clone to reflect the changes:<br />
git submodule update<br />
<br />
Once that is done, change into the _nav folder and pull in any changes there (assuming you're already in the clone's www folder):<br />
cd _nav<br />
git checkout master<br />
git pull<br />
<br />
Now you can edit any files in _nav. <br />
<br />
After making changes, commit and push your changes to the nav submodule, then go back to the www folder:<br />
git commit<br />
git push<br />
cd ..<br />
<br />
Finish committing and push from inside the www (git root) folder:<br />
git add _nav<br />
git commit -m "Update _nav submodule to latest git" _nav<br />
git show<br />
git push<br />
<br />
:"''This feels wrong as you're adding a folder, but really you're telling www git repo to'' '''add''' ''a reference to the current master commit of the'' '''nav''' ''git repo.''" -- comment from Colin<br />
<br />
If you only need to sync your clone with the latest nav submodule:<br />
git submodule update && cd _nav && git checkout master && git pull && cd ..<br />
<br />
= Updating working mirrors caching lists =<br />
:* Use ''php ./tools/update-mirrors-list.php'' in CLI from the git clone root location to update and then push [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list.php''./lib/cached.list.php''], [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_doc.php''./lib/cached.list_doc.php''] and [http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/www/tree/lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''./lib/cached.list_mirrorlist.php''] mirrors list files.<br />
<br />
= Options for deleting feed and navigation cache =<br />
<br />
Option for deleting feed cache if blog posts are not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_feed_cache=1<br />
<br />
Option for deleting navigation cache if pages in one language are blank or not parsed properly:<br />
https://www.mageia.org/test/lang.php?delete_nav_cache=1<br />
<br />
= Testing tools =<br />
<br />
== TODO ==<br />
<br />
Improve and document tools:<br />
[http://gitweb.mageia.org/web/tools/fidd/tree/README.md fidd]<br />
php lib/t/00_downloads.t<br />
php lib/t/01_mga_geoip.t<br />
php lib/t/02_downloads_definitions.t<br />
php lib/t/03_lang_redirection.t<br />
<br />
[[Category:Atelier]]<br />
[[Category:Doc]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_7_Development&diff=44432Mageia 7 Development2019-05-27T08:16:12Z<p>Filip: /* Development Schedule */ Release freeze is active</p>
<hr />
<div>{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 7 Entwicklungsplanung-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia_7_Development|English]] ; [[Mageia 7 Desarrollo|Español]] ; [[Mageia_7_Développement-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia_7_Desenvolvimento-pt|Portuguese (Portugal)]]}}<br />
<br />
<br />
This is the page for Mageia 7 development.<br />
<br />
== Current status ==<br />
<br />
Work on producing stable ISOs of the current Cauldron status is still ongoing, and progresses as human resources and free time permit.<br />
<br />
The estimated release dates listed hereafter are '''only indicative''', and are bound to change depending on the progress of fixing release blocker bugs.<br />
<br />
{{Note|We "Release when ready"!}}<br />
<br />
== Development Schedule ==<br />
{| style="color:black; cellpadding="5%" cellpadding="5%" cellspacing="0" border="1"<br />
! Stage <br />
! Estimated date <br />
! Public <br />
! Released on<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 1'''<br />
| 7. December 2018<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 20. December 2018<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 2'''<br />
| ~2 weeks after (21. December 2018)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 19. February 2019<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 3'''<br />
| a few weeks after release of [https://wiki.gnome.org/ThreePointThirtyone Gnome 3.32] (which is scheduled on 11. March 2019)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 17. April 2019<br />
|- <br />
| Versions freeze<br />
| April 23rd<br />
| <br />
| April 23rd <br />
|- <br />
| Release freeze<br />
| May 13th (or ~1 week after RC release)<br />
| <br />
| May 27th<br />
|-<br />
| '''Release Candidate'''<br />
| May 31st - June 2nd + "when its ready"<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| '''[[Mageia_7_Release_Notes|Final Release]]'''<br />
| May 20th - June 2nd ("when its ready")<br />
| developers, anyone<br />
| <br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Technical Specifications ==<br />
<br />
See [[FeatureMageia7_Review| Mageia 7 specifications]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mageia_development]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 7]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Artwork_Zalappy&diff=44041Artwork Zalappy2019-04-28T10:34:58Z<p>Filip: /* Comments [V1] */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Artwork]]<br />
[[Category:Tools]]<br />
[[Category:Atelier]]<br />
<br />
{{multi language banner|[[Artwork_Zalappy|English]] ; [[Artwork_zalappy-fr|Français]] ;}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{<br />
information|<br />
This page is a work space for the workshop, she represents so all (work in progress) of "Zalappy"<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
==Description==<br />
<br />
It's intended to have "constructive notice" (negative or positive) so then I can edit "works" and that can be maybe take the opportunity to "Mageia". Then "the work" will be submitted to graphic workshop atelier-discuss@<br><br />
<br />
<br />
This is the type of advice I need:<br><br />
"negative opinion" = on a specific part<br><br />
"positive opinion" = you can leave a notice to say that you please<br />
<br />
<br />
= Work in progress =<br />
<br />
== wiki design for Mageia7 ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:Zalappy-fichier-25-temporaire.png|center|700px]]<br />
<br />
<u>archives to compare</u>:<br />
[https://wiki.mageia.org/en/File:Zalappy-fichier-24-temporaire.png fichier-24]<br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
<br />
=== Comments [V1] ===<br />
[[User:filip|filip]] I like it.<br />
<br />
[[User:user_name|user_name]] The comment here<br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
=== Commentaires [V2] ===<br />
[[User:user_name|user_name]] The comment here <br />
<br />
[[User:user_name|user_name]] The comment here<br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
=== Comments [V3] ===<br />
[[User:user_name|user_name]] The comment here <br />
<br />
[[User:user_name|user_name]] The comment here</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_7_Development&diff=43921Mageia 7 Development2019-04-23T13:51:46Z<p>Filip: /* Development Schedule */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 7 Entwicklungsplanung-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia_7_Development|English]] ; [[Mageia_7_Développement-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia_7_Desenvolvimento-pt|Portuguese (Portugal)]]}}<br />
<br />
<br />
This is the page for Mageia 7 development.<br />
<br />
== Current status ==<br />
<br />
Work on producing stable ISOs of the current Cauldron status is still ongoing, and progresses as human resources and free time permit.<br />
<br />
The estimated release dates listed hereafter are '''only indicative''', and are bound to change depending on the progress of fixing release blocker bugs.<br />
<br />
{{Note|We "Release when ready"!}}<br />
<br />
== Development Schedule ==<br />
{| style="color:black; cellpadding="5%" cellpadding="5%" cellspacing="0" border="1"<br />
! Stage <br />
! Estimated date <br />
! Public <br />
! Released on<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 1'''<br />
| 7. December 2018<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 20. December 2018<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 2'''<br />
| ~2 weeks after (21. December 2018)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 19. February 2019<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 3'''<br />
| a few weeks after release of [https://wiki.gnome.org/ThreePointThirtyone Gnome 3.32] (which is scheduled on 11. March 2019)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 17. April 2019<br />
|- <br />
| Versions freeze<br />
| April 23rd<br />
| <br />
| April 23rd <br />
|-<br />
| '''Release Candidate'''<br />
| May 6th - May 12th + "when its ready"<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| Release freeze<br />
| May 13th (or ~1 week after RC release)<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| '''[[Mageia_7_Release_Notes|Final Release]]'''<br />
| May 20th - June 2nd ("when its ready")<br />
| developers, anyone<br />
| <br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Technical Specifications ==<br />
<br />
See [[FeatureMageia7_Review| Mageia 7 specifications]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mageia_development]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 7]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_7_Development&diff=43920Mageia 7 Development2019-04-23T13:50:44Z<p>Filip: /* Development Schedule */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 7 Entwicklungsplanung-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia_7_Development|English]] ; [[Mageia_7_Développement-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia_7_Desenvolvimento-pt|Portuguese (Portugal)]]}}<br />
<br />
<br />
This is the page for Mageia 7 development.<br />
<br />
== Current status ==<br />
<br />
Work on producing stable ISOs of the current Cauldron status is still ongoing, and progresses as human resources and free time permit.<br />
<br />
The estimated release dates listed hereafter are '''only indicative''', and are bound to change depending on the progress of fixing release blocker bugs.<br />
<br />
{{Note|We "Release when ready"!}}<br />
<br />
== Development Schedule ==<br />
{| style="color:black; cellpadding="5%" cellpadding="5%" cellspacing="0" border="1"<br />
! Stage <br />
! Estimated date <br />
! Public <br />
! Released on<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 1'''<br />
| 7. December 2018<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 20. December 2018<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 2'''<br />
| ~2 weeks after (21. December 2018)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 19. February 2019<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 3'''<br />
| a few weeks after release of [https://wiki.gnome.org/ThreePointThirtyone Gnome 3.32] (which is scheduled on 11. March 2019)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 17. April 2019<br />
|- <br />
| Versions freeze<br />
| April 23rd<br />
| <br />
| April 23rd <br />
|-<br />
| '''Release Candidate'''<br />
| May 6th - May 12th<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| Release freeze<br />
| May 13th (or ~1 week after RC release) + "when its ready"<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| '''[[Mageia_7_Release_Notes|Final Release]]'''<br />
| May 20th - June 2nd ("when its ready")<br />
| developers, anyone<br />
| <br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Technical Specifications ==<br />
<br />
See [[FeatureMageia7_Review| Mageia 7 specifications]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mageia_development]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 7]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_7_Development&diff=43919Mageia 7 Development2019-04-23T13:47:44Z<p>Filip: /* Development Schedule */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 7 Entwicklungsplanung-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia_7_Development|English]] ; [[Mageia_7_Développement-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia_7_Desenvolvimento-pt|Portuguese (Portugal)]]}}<br />
<br />
<br />
This is the page for Mageia 7 development.<br />
<br />
== Current status ==<br />
<br />
Work on producing stable ISOs of the current Cauldron status is still ongoing, and progresses as human resources and free time permit.<br />
<br />
The estimated release dates listed hereafter are '''only indicative''', and are bound to change depending on the progress of fixing release blocker bugs.<br />
<br />
{{Note|We "Release when ready"!}}<br />
<br />
== Development Schedule ==<br />
{| style="color:black; cellpadding="5%" cellpadding="5%" cellspacing="0" border="1"<br />
! Stage <br />
! Estimated date <br />
! Public <br />
! Released on<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 1'''<br />
| 7. December 2018<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 20. December 2018<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 2'''<br />
| ~2 weeks after (21. December 2018)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 19. February 2019<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 3'''<br />
| a few weeks after release of [https://wiki.gnome.org/ThreePointThirtyone Gnome 3.32] (which is scheduled on 11. March 2019)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 17. April 2019<br />
|- <br />
| Versions freeze<br />
| April 23rd<br />
| <br />
| April 23rd <br />
|-<br />
| '''Release Candidate'''<br />
| May 6th - May 12th<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| Release freeze<br />
| May 13th<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| '''[[Mageia_7_Release_Notes|Final Release]]'''<br />
| May 20th - June 2nd ("when its ready")<br />
| developers, anyone<br />
| <br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Technical Specifications ==<br />
<br />
See [[FeatureMageia7_Review| Mageia 7 specifications]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mageia_development]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 7]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Archive:_Mageia_7_Release_Notes&diff=43914Archive: Mageia 7 Release Notes2019-04-22T07:45:52Z<p>Filip: /* Language stacks */ typo fix</p>
<hr />
<div><!-- '''This information is available in other languages''':<br /><br />
* [[Mageia 7 Release Notes|English]]<br />
<br />
disable this so it's not in release note of isos medias--><br />
{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 7 Veröffentlichungshinweise-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia 7 Release Notes|English]] ; [[Notas_sobre_Mageia_7|Español]] ; [[Mageia_7_Notes_de_version-fr|Français]] }} <br />
<br />
<br />
= Introduction =<br />
<br />
Mageia is a Free Software operating system of the GNU/Linux family, which can be installed on computers either as the main operating system, or as an alternative system to one or several pre-installed systems (''dual boot''). It is a community project supported by the non-profit Mageia.Org organization of elected contributors. Mageia is developed ''by'' and ''for'' its community of users, and is suitable for all kinds of users, from first-time GNU/Linux users to advanced developers or system administrators.<br />
<br />
The latest stable release of the Mageia project, Mageia 7 was developed for over one year before. It will be supported with security and bug fix updates for 18 months, up to XX XXXXXry 2020.<br />
<br />
== Available installation media ==<br />
<br />
Mageia has two distinct installation media types:<br />
<br />
* '''Classical ISOs''' (DVD 32-bit, DVD 64-bit), which use the [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/7/en/content/index.html DrakX traditional installer]. The 32-bit and 64-bit DVD ISOs contain all supported locales, a great variety of packages to choose from (including most supported desktop environments) and '''all non-free drivers'''. The use of non-free packages can be disabled during the installation.<br />
* '''Live ISOs''', which can be used to preview the distribution, are an installation alternative to place Mageia on your hard drive. Live media come with either the Plasma (64-bit), GNOME (64-bit) or Xfce (32 or 64-bit) desktop environments. The Live DVDs contain all supported locales and a preselection of software, making them a quicker way to get started working with Mageia. Note that we added a ''persistence'' feature which allows creation of a partition on a USB stick to store customization of the system which survives after a reboot.<br />
<br />
All ISO images can be burned to a DVD or [[Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISO_on_a_USB_flash_drive|dumped on a USB flash drive]]. Please note the file and device size limits as, for example, a 4 GB ISO image can be too big for some "nominally" 4 GB USB drives, due to their actual capacity being slightly lower than the marketed size.<br />
<br />
For more information, please have a look at our [https://doc.mageia.org/installer/7/en/content/Select-and-use-ISOs.html installation media] manual page.<br />
<br />
You will find the different download options on the [https://www.mageia.org/7/ Mageia 7 download page]: direct (FTP and HTTP) and BitTorrent downloads are available.<br />
<br />
== The Mageia online repositories ==<br />
<br />
The software packages that are included in Mageia sit in three different repositories/media, depending on the type of license applied to each package. Here's an overview of those repositories:<br />
<br />
* '''Core''': The Core repository includes packages with free-and-open-source software, i.e., packages licensed under a free-and-open-source license. The set of the "Core" media along with "Core Release" and "Core Updates" are enabled by default.<br />
* '''Nonfree''': The Nonfree repository includes packages that are free-of-charge and free to redistribute, but that contain closed-source software (hence the name - Nonfree). For example, this repository includes NVIDIA and AMD/ATI proprietary graphics card drivers, firmware for various WiFi cards, etc.<br /><br />
The Nonfree media set is enabled by default but can be disabled, if necessary, during the installation.<br />
* '''Tainted''': The Tainted repository includes packages released under a free license. The main criterion for placing packages in this repository is that they may infringe on patents and copyright laws in some countries, e.g., multimedia codecs needed to play various audio/video files; packages needed to play a commercial video DVD, etc.<br /><br />
The Tainted media set is added by default but '''not''' enabled by default, i.e., it's completely opt-in; so, check your local laws before using packages from this repository.<br />
<br />
Please also note that on a 64-bit system, the 32-bit repositories are also added. If the Nonfree or Tainted 64-bit repositories are enabled, the corresponding 32-bit repositories should also be enabled (both in Release and Updates flavors), as they are needed by some packages, such as PlayOnLinux or Steam.<br />
<br />
= Release highlights =<br />
<br />
== ARM support ==<br />
<br />
The ARM (Advanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) Machine) port rebooted during Mageia 6 days has been enhanced.<br />
The core is available for ARMv7 and aarch64.<br />
Support for ARMv5 has been dropped.<br />
<br />
There is no traditional installer for now, and it is still considered experimental, but most of the distribution was built successfully on both architectures (see our [https://pkgsubmit.mageia.org/arm-status.html ARM status overview] for details). The plan is to provide installation images for popular ARM devices in the coming months. There is no ETA for those as of Mageia 7's release.<br />
<br />
= Major developments =<br />
<br />
== Installation ==<br />
<br />
=== Stage 1 ===<br />
<br />
* Hardware support was extended to be able to start the installer on very recent computers<br />
* NFS support is done using system tools rather than our 15 years old forked NFS code, thus gaining support for NFSv4 & co...<br />
* Can install from a hard disk formatted in any supported fs rather than just btrfs, ext[2-4], ISO9660, JFS, ntfs, reiserfs, vfat & XFS<br />
* Added support for automatic installation off hard disk, either from ISO or from a distrib tree. Eg:<br />
:: <code>automatic=method:disk,disk:vdb,partition:vdb1,dir:/Mageia/Mga6.iso</code><br />
<br />
=== Stage 2 ===<br />
<br />
* Lots of bug fixes and improvements in the partitioner<br />
<br />
=== Hardware support ===<br />
<br />
* New architectures:<br />
** ARM v5 support has been dropped<br />
** ARM v7 support has been enhanced.<br />
** Aarch64 support is added.<br />
<br />
== Localisation (l10n) / Internationalisation (i18n) ==<br />
<br />
=== Manuals ===<br />
<br />
* The manuals for the traditional installer and for the Mageia Control Center have been (partially) translated into many more languages. See [http://www.mageia.org/doc/ our official documentation]<br />
* An English screenshot is used when a localized screenshot is unavailable for an HTML manual.<br />
* PDF and EPUB manuals are created only when more than half of the needed localized screenshots for those manuals are available.<br />
<br />
=== Software translations ===<br />
<br />
New translations have been added, while others were improved.<br />
Thank you to our dedicated community of translators for your reliable work.<br />
<br />
== Package management ==<br />
<br />
=== New RPM ===<br />
<br />
RPM has been upgraded to version 4.14.2.1.<br />
<br />
RPM 4.14 offers key improvements to RPM as a whole, including:<br />
<br />
* Major revamp of debuginfo packages<br />
* Major rewrite of package/header reading and signature checking to utilize a single codepath<br />
* New SHA256 digests in packages: one for compressed payload alone and one for the header<br />
* Weak dependencies are taken into account when ordering<br />
* Support for a configurable mode to conserve SSD disks<br />
* Support for zstd compression<br />
<br />
More information on changes from RPM 4.13 (which shipped with Mageia 6) to RPM 4.14.2.1 is available from the RPM website:<br />
* RPM 4.14: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.14.0<br />
* RPM 4.14.1: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.14.1<br />
* RPM 4.14.2: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.14.2<br />
* RPM 4.14.2.1: http://rpm.org/wiki/Releases/4.14.2.1<br />
<br />
=== DNF: the alternative package manager ===<br />
<br />
DNF (Dandified Yum) was introduced as an alternative to urpmi since Mageia 6.<br />
<br />
DNF is a next-generation dependency resolver and high-level package management tool that traces its ancestry to two projects: Fedora's YUM (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) and openSUSE's SAT Solver (libsolv). DNF was forked from YUM several years ago in order to rewrite it to use the SAT Solver library from openSUSE and to massively restructure the codebase so that a sane API would be available for both extending DNF (via plugins and hooks) and building applications on top of it (such as graphical frontends and system lifecycle automation frameworks).<br />
<br />
DNF comes with enhanced problem reporting, advanced tracking of weak dependencies, support for rich dependencies (see the RPM release notes for more on this), and more detailed transaction information while performing actions.<br />
<br />
Mageia 7 ships with DNF v4.2.2. This version improves DNF over version 2.x in Mageia 6 by rewriting most of the logic from Python to C++ and moving it to the libdnf library for performance. It also introduces support for modules, though Mageia is not currently publishing any modules in its repositories.<br />
<br />
More information on modularity: https://docs.pagure.org/modularity/<br />
<br />
DNF release notes: https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/release_notes.html<br />
<br />
With fresh installations via the classical and live media, DNF will be installed in parallel with urpmi. Depending on the method used to upgrade to Mageia 7, it may be necessary to install the {{Prog|dnf}} package to have it available.<br />
<br />
For information on how to use DNF, please refer to the wiki page: [[Using DNF]].<br />
<br />
=== AppStream ===<br />
<br />
Our RPM-MD (RPM MetaData) repositories (used by DNF and PackageKit) provide AppStream metadata. Tools like GNOME Software (GNOME Desktop, packaged as {{Prog|gnome-software}}) and Plasma Discover (KDE Plasma Desktop, packaged as {{Prog|discover}}) leverage AppStream metadata to provide a rich experience when searching, identifying, and managing applications.<br />
<br />
AppStream is a cross-distribution effort for enhancing software repositories by standardizing software component metadata. It enables an application-centric view on package repositories and provides specifications for things needed to create user-friendly application centers.<br />
<br />
See the AppStream website for more information: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Distributions/AppStream/<br />
<br />
=== perl-URPM and urpmi ===<br />
<br />
* Doc has been enhanced<br />
* urpmi/perl-URPM support a wider range of rpm versions, from rpm-4.11 to latest 4.14<br />
* Various bug fixes have been made.<br />
<br />
== Tools ==<br />
<br />
=== Mageia Control Center ===<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Other ===<br />
<br />
==== MageiaWelcome ====<br />
The 'Welcome' screen is an application that is presented to users when booting into a fresh installation of Mageia. It has now been entirely reworked to have a linear approach, with successive steps following in a logical order of important things to know and do post-installation. By default, it will run at each subsequent boot, but this behaviour is optional. Even if the auto-run option is disabled - it can be invoked at any time as an application (mageiawelcome).<br />
<br />
Under the hood, it uses Python and QML. It is now resizeable and will use the fonts of the desktop environment.<br />
<br />
==== Isodumper ====<br />
<br />
[[IsoDumper_Writing_ISO_images_on_USB_sticks|Isodumper]] is a tool to write ISO images on memory devices. It now uses an improved checking routine after writing operations by looking for a sha512 sum file and corresponding signature. If the sum is found, the application compares the computed sum to the stored one, and additionally indicates if the sum is signed. Another modification is that the application no longer runs with root privileges, but as a user's application - root privileges are requested only when needed (for writing or formatting operations). This should improve the security level. <br><br><br />
We also added a feature in relation to Live images: By ticking a check-box, any remaining space on the device can be designated as a ''persistence'' partition. See [[Installation_Media#Persistence_with_memory_devices|here]] for more information.<br />
<br />
==== Docker ====<br />
<br />
The Docker ecosystem has been augmented (based on the 18.06 version of the engine) with many additional tools such as docker-compose (orchestration with v3 support), containerd (daemon controlling runC), docker-registry (share of images), docker-machine (install docker on a remote system), and python-docker (python 2 and 3 libraries for engine API management).<br />
<br />
==== LiveCD Tools ====<br />
<br />
With Mageia 7, the LiveCD Tools have been rebased to the latest version (v27.0).<br />
<br />
For information on how to use the LiveCD Tools, please refer to the wiki page: [[Using the LiveCD Tools]]<br />
<br />
==== draklive2 ====<br />
<br />
The tool used to build the distribution Live ISOs has been revised to make it easier to use. Several examples are provided to help users build their own customised variants of the Live ISOs. There is now a GUI mode, based on the Mageia classical installer, to support package and locale selection.<br />
<br />
For more information, please refer to the wiki page: [[draklive2]]<br />
<br />
== Base system ==<br />
<br />
=== Kernel and hardware support ===<br />
<br />
* Mageia 7 ships with kernel 5.0.<br />
All hardware managed by this kernel version is enabled. The kernel provides better graphics with Mesa 19.0. <br />
* Other kernel flavors are included, particularly, kernel-tmb and kernel-linus (a vanilla stock kernel without any extra patchset). See the wiki page [[Kernel_flavours]] for more information.<br />
<br />
=== X Window System (X11) ===<br />
<br />
Mageia 7 ships with X.Org 1.20.4.<br />
<br />
=== AMD video drivers ===<br />
* Mageia 7 uses the free video drivers for AMD/ATI graphics cards, AMDGPU for newer cards and Radeon for older graphics cards. The free drivers also use the current Mesa 19.0, provided with Mageia 7. Compared with Mageia 6, hardware support has been increased and performance has been improved.<br />
* The proprietary AMDGPU-PRO driver currently only works with X.org 1.1xx, so it cannot be used in Mageia 7.<br />
* In case of a hybrid card, the solution exposed with the [[#Optimus laptops|nouveau driver]] and the precommand DRI_PRIME=n is also working, at least with the radeon driver.<br />
<br />
=== NVIDIA drivers ===<br />
* The current libre Nouveau drivers are provided. Their performance was greatly improved during Mageia's release cycle, and they might satisfy most owners of Nvidia hardware for casual usage.<br />
* The packages for the latest NVIDIA (long-lived branch, release 418.56 at the time of writing) proprietary drivers are provided in the nonfree media repositories. CUDA 10.1.105 is also included in the same nonfree repositories and can be used out of the box after proprietary drivers are correctly configured.<br />
* For older graphics cards, the proprietary NVIDIA drivers of the 340 and 390 branches are also still provided (390 being supported on x86_64 only).<br />
<br />
==== Optimus laptops ====<br />
Owners of NVIDIA Optimus laptops (integrated Intel graphics processor and discrete NVIDIA GPU) now have three ways to benefit from the power of their discrete GPU:<br />
* The free Nouveau drivers support Prime GPU offloading out of the box, which can be used via the DRI_PRIME=1 environment variable (unless the proprietary NVIDIA driver is in use by, e.g., mageia-prime). Refer to the [https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/Optimus/ Nouveau documentation] to see how to configure Xorg to use NVIDIA Prime with DRI3.<br />
* As in Mageia 6, the [[Bumblebee]] package can be used to bridge the monitor to the NVIDIA GPU, allowing to access its processing power albeit with some overhead.<br />
* A new experimental tool named {{Prog|mageia-prime}} can be used to configure the NVIDIA Prime supported by recent Linux kernels and Xorg servers. It allows to fully switch to using the NVIDIA GPU without the overhead of Bumblebee, and is particularly suited for use with CUDA.<br />
<br />
In all three cases, when configuring the graphics drivers, one must only configure the Intel card (at least in most Optimus configurations), as it is typically the only one physically connected to a monitor.<br />
<br />
=== Bootloaders ===<br />
* For UEFI boot, the [http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/ rEFInd boot manager] is now supported as an alternative to GRUB2.<br />
<br />
== Desktop environments ==<br />
<br />
All the desktop environments mentioned below are included in Mageia's online repositories, and can be installed in parallel on any Mageia 7 system. Some of them are also included on the physical media, LiveDVDs and Classical DVDs, as specified in each section.<br />
<br />
=== Plasma ===<br />
<br />
Plasma, the new desktop environment of the KDE community, is provided in version 5.15.<br />
<br />
If you want to try Plasma under Wayland, just install plasma-workspace-wayland, and it should appear in your favorite display manager's list of desktop environments.<br />
<br />
The default display manager (DM) for the Plasma environment is SDDM, and replaces the now obsolete KDM.<br />
<br />
Plasma has a specific 64-bit LiveDVD and it can also be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
=== GNOME ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3.32 is provided. It now defaults to running on Wayland, but also provides an alternative "GNOME on Xorg" session.<br />
<br />
For those preferring the GNOME 2 look and feel, GNOME 3 also provides a "Gnome Classic" session.<br />
<br />
GNOME has a specific 64-bit LiveDVD and it can also be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
=== LXDE ===<br />
<br />
The very lightweight GTK+2-based desktop environment is still available and continues to receive improvements from upstream and our Mageia maintainer, even though its community has partly refocused on LXQt.<br />
<br />
LXDE can be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
=== Xfce ===<br />
<br />
Xfce 4.13 is provided. It uses GTK+3 instead of GTK+2 as with Xfce 4.12. If version 4.14 becomes available in the lifecycle of Mageia 7, it will be updated to 4.14.<br />
<br />
Xfce has dedicated 32-bit and 64-bit LiveDVDs and it can also be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
=== LXQt ===<br />
<br />
LXQt 0.14.1 is provided.<br />
<br />
LXQt cannot be installed out of the box from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer) due to space constraints on the ISOs.<br />
Online media need to be added to enable more options during the initial installation - this is explained in the [http://doc.mageia.org/installer/5/en/content/add_supplemental_media.html installer documentation].<br />
<br />
=== MATE ===<br />
<br />
MATE 1.22.0 is provided.<br />
<br />
MATE can be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer). Due to DVD space considerations, some applications such as mate-screenshot (screenshot application) are not included in Classical DVD ISO. For a full MATE Desktop experience, users are suggested to install {{pkg|task-mate}} package after initial installation.<br />
<br />
=== Cinnamon === <br />
<br />
Cinnamon 4.0 is provided.<br />
<br />
Cinnamon can be installed from the Classical DVD ISO (traditional installer).<br />
<br />
=== Enlightenment ===<br />
<br />
The Enlightenment task package comes with E22.4 and Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL), which includes the previously separate Elementary, Evas-generic-loaders and Evas-generic-players packages. Also included are the connman connection manager for use with the E's Econnman UI, E's Polkit-EFL authentication agent, and three EFL-based applications: the Terminology advanced terminal emulator, the nimble Ephoto image viewer, and the light-weight Rage video player. As with the prior release, Mageia 7 also offers a Mageia-branded theme as the default.<br />
<br />
As always, E does not automatically include the startup applications from /etc/xdg/autostart. After installation, go to Main menu > Settings > Startup Applications and add needed system processes (e.g., a policy kit authentication agent) and desired applications to be started on boot up. If your installation includes the ICE windows manager, you may choose between the MATE authentication agent that comes with it and Polkit-EFL.<br />
<br />
Beginning with E20, Enlightenment's system tray converted from Xembed notifications with SNI appindicator notifications, which is not yet supported by all applications (e.g., Parcellite clipboard manager), while others use plugins (e.g, Pidgin, which has an Ubuntu indicator plugin in the Mageia package to enable systray notifications). <br />
<br />
As of the Beta releases there are three known issues. First, for systems with optical drives, the Enlightenment File Manager (EFM) does not mount them even though disks with and without data can be seen with other file managers. Second, Mageia enables systemd-networkd to manage networking by default. Those who prefer to use connman with the Econnman interface will find it is not always functional (after disabling systemd-networkd and enabling connman), probably as a result of the default wpa_supplicant configuration. (There is a separate, recently-developed wireless gadget for managing multiple backends that is not yet included in the Mageia repositories.) Third, the E17 themes still in the repository do not work with E22. Updated Mageia-branded themes may be packaged in the near future. Additional themes may also be found at https://www.enlightenment-themes.org/.<br />
<br />
=== Light window managers ===<br />
<br />
You can also keep your Mageia 7 installation very light and we provide for this a plethora of small and efficient window managers. You can find afterstep, awesome, dwm, fluxbox, fvwm2, fvwm-crystal, i3, icewm, jwm, matchbox, openbox, pekwm, sugar, swm, and windowmaker. After installation, they appear in the login menu of your display manager.<br />
<br />
==== IceWM ====<br />
<br />
You will find now both "icewm" and "icewm-session" in the login menu of your display manager.<br />
<br />
Beginning with IceWM 1.2.13, there is a new binary named "icewm-session". This binary helps you to handle all IceWM subparts (icewmbg, icewm, icewmtray, startup, and shutdown, started in this order). '''Therefore, you should use icewm-session to start a complete IceWM session'''. Choosing "Icewm" will only start the window manager itself.<br />
<br />
== Office apps ==<br />
<br />
LibreOffice has been updated to 6.2. See [https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/6.2 official release notes] for details.<br />
<br />
== Multimedia apps ==<br />
<br />
Since the last patent expired in April, 2017, mp3 encoding is now available in the core media. Tainted media are still needed for H.264, H.265/HEVC and AAC encoding.<br />
<br />
==Editors==<br />
<br />
* Vim has been updated to 8.1<br />
* NeoVim 0.3.4 is also included<br />
<br />
== Games ==<br />
<br />
In the Mageia community, our love for free software extends to open source games. A huge effort has been made during the Mageia 7 release cycle to package many new games, making Mageia 7 a very good platform for intensive and casual gamers alike. You can check Mageia App DB to see a list of [http://mageia.madb.org/package/comparison/release/6/withrelease/7/group/78%2C20%2C64%2C10%2C30%2C46%2C109%2C138%2C74%2C1 all the new and updated games in Mageia 7]. The following section will only give some cherry-picked examples for each game category.<br />
<br />
== Education ==<br />
<br />
Mageia 7 comes with both old and new versions of [http://gcompris.net/ gcompris]. The old is based on the GTK+ toolkit and has more activities. The new uses Qt and brings some new activities. We were [https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/new-unified-graphics-for-gcompris] among the donors in February, 2015, to improve the graphical interface of this very important project.<br />
<br />
== Software Development ==<br />
<br />
=== Compilers and tools ===<br />
<br />
GCC has been updated to 8.3.1, GDB to 8.2 and Valgrind to 3.15.0.<br />
LLVM has been updated to 8.0.0.<br />
<br />
libvirt 5.2 and virt-manager 2.1<br />
<br />
Firebird has been updated to 3.0.4<br />
<br />
IPython has been updated to 7.2.<br />
<br />
Most libraries were updated to recent stable versions (long-term support when available), such as Qt 5.12.2 and GTK+ 3.24.8.<br />
Tcl/Tk is at version 8.6.9.<br />
<br />
=== Language stacks ===<br />
<br />
Python 3 has been updated to 3.7.3, Python 2 to 2.7.16, and when possible, all Python modules are provided for Python 2 and Python 3.<br />
<br />
Perl has been updated to 5.28.1.<br />
Perl modules are now installed either in /usr/share/perl5 (pure perl modules) or /usr/lib(64)/perl5 (binary modules), like Fedora does. Perl version is no more included in the standard path.<br />
<br />
Some important effort has been made to simplify the Java stack which was hard to maintain in Mageia 6.<br />
<br />
Ruby has been updated to 2.5.3.<br />
<br />
Rust is at version 1.34.0. It will be updated during Mageia 7's support life to follow new developments.<br />
<br />
PHP has been updated from 5.6 to 7.3, which gives a performance improvement of about 50%.<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous ==<br />
<br />
= Upgrading from Mageia 6 =<br />
<br />
{{note|Please also read the [[Mageia_7_Errata#Upgrade_issues|known issues page]], chapter "Upgrade Issues" and the page "[[From Mageia 6 to 7]]" to avoid Upgrade issues.}}<br />
<br />
<br />
Upgrading from Mageia 6 is supported, and has been fine-tuned over the past few months, so it should work. But, as always, it is very advisable to '''back up any important data before upgrading''' and make sure you have '''made all updates''' of Mageia 6 (such as rpm and urpmi). Upgrading directly from Mageia 5 or another distribution is not supported.<br />
<br />
If you want to upgrade a 64-bit system, it may contain 32-bit software. This is not a problem provided '''it does not''' include development libraries. You can identify these by the word "devel" in the name. To know if your system houses such libraries you can use the command:<br />
:{{cmd|<nowiki>rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{version}-%{RELEASE}-%{ARCH}\n" |grep i586 |grep devel</nowiki>}} <br />
You must un-install these libraries before upgrading.<br />
<br />
If '''3rd party repositories''', such as Google, have been added during the use of Mageia 6, be sure to make a backup/copy of /etc/urpmi/urpmi.cfg.<br />
<br />
There are several ways to upgrade from Mageia 6:<br />
<br />
<span style="color:red"><br />
Warning: Upgrading an existing install using any of the Live images is '''NOT''' supported due to the Live image being copied "as is" to the target system. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="color:red"><br />
If you want to upgrade a previous Mageia installation which was '''NOT''' in UEFI, towards an UEFI-mode Mageia 7, you have to do a complete installation. Direct upgrade is not supported.<br />
</span><br />
<br />
== Upgrading via the Internet ==<br />
<br />
The Mageia Update notification applet, Mageia Online, '''will notify you''' that a new Mageia release is available, and ask if you wish to upgrade. If you agree, the upgrade will be carried out from within your Mageia installation without any further steps being necessary.<br/><br />
<br />
If you have disabled the applet or it is not automatically running for some reason, you can upgrade manually either using the GUI ({{cmd|mgaonline}}) or the CLI ({{cmd|urpmi}}). Both methods are outlined below.<br />
<br />
Fully update your system and check you have enough free space (at least 2 GB, depending on your configuration) before starting the upgrade.<br />
<br />
{{Note|Use a wired internet connection if possible, especially when you're using nonfree wlan drivers}}<br />
<br />
=== Upgrading online, using mgaonline (GUI) ===<br />
<br />
If Mageia Online does not display a blue icon in the system tray offering you the option to upgrade to the new Mageia release:<br />
<br />
1. Make sure that your system is fully up-to-date by applying all available updates.<br />
https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/7/en/content/MageiaUpdate.html<br />
<br />
2. In Mageia Control Center - Software Management - Configure Updates Frequency, make sure that the option "Check for newer default releases" is selected.<br />
https://doc.mageia.org/mcc/7/en/content/mgaapplet-config.html<br />
<br />
3. Look in your home folder for a hidden directory, /.MgaOnline. If there is a <br />
file mgaonline in that directory, then delete that file.<br />
<br />
After a reboot, the blue upgrade icon should appear when Mageia Online next checks for updates. <br />
<br />
If Mageia 6 has reached EOL, you will see an orange icon and a pop-up warning that Mageia 6 is no longer supported. <br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can launch the upgrade process by entering in a terminal:<br />
<br />
:{{cmd|su}}<br />
:<span style="font-family: courier; color: #7a4707; background-color: #e8e8e8;">mgaapplet-upgrade-helper --new_distro_version=7</span><br />
<br />
It will notify you of the availability of the new Mageia 7 distribution, configure Mageia media sources and start the migration.<br />
<br />
=== Upgrading online, using urpmi (CLI) ===<br />
<br />
This method is useful when the root partition is encrypted as the booted system is already decrypting the partition.<br />
<br />
There are multiple ways of getting a Command Line Interface (CLI).<br />
<br />
The best method for performing an upgrade is to use run-level 3 so that the X server and graphical environment is not running.<br />
<br />
Therefore, the upgrade should be cleaner using run-level 3 than using a terminal application as fewer programs are running which could potentially mess up the upgrade.<br />
<br />
Run-level 3 can be enabled by appending "3" to the kernel command line in grub's menu.lst file and then rebooting the system to get a login prompt.<br />
<br />
It is recommended to run "script upgrade_log.txt" to capture the upgrade messages just in case a failure occurs. Use "exit" to quit out of "script".<br />
<br />
Here are the general upgrade steps:<br />
<br />
* Remove all of the existing media sources on your system by executing this command as root in terminal:<br />
:{{cmd|su}}<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi.removemedia -a}}<br />
* Add the Mageia 7 online sources, either:<br />
** Using the MIRRORLIST method (which will select a mirror automatically based on your geographical location):<br />
*:{{cmd|su}}<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist 'http://mirrors.mageia.org/api/mageia.7.$ARCH.list'}}<br />
*:(urpmi knows what to substitute for $ARCH)<br />
** Using a specific media mirror:<br />
*:{{cmd|su}}<br />
*:{{cmd|urpmi.addmedia --distrib <mirror_url>}}<br />
*:You can get the mirror_url using the [http://mirrors.mageia.org/distrib Mageia mirrors web application].<br />
* Finally start upgrading: <br />
:{{cmd|su}}<br />
:{{cmd|urpmi --replacefiles --auto-update --auto}}<br />
* It's best to run the above command twice because in the first run some packages may be downloaded but not installed.<br />
<br />
{{Note| It is sometimes a good idea to test the upgrade before carrying it on. <br><br />
With this command: {{cmd|urpmi --replacefiles --auto-update --auto --download-all --test}} all the packages are downloaded and the upgrade simulated only. <br><br />
If the result is good, then upgrade for real with the command {{cmd|urpmi --replacefiles --auto-update --auto --download-all}} }}<br />
<br />
== Using the traditional Mageia 7 DVD to Upgrade ==<br />
<br />
You can use the traditional (so, non-Live) Mageia 7 DVD to do clean installs, but also to upgrade from Mageia 6.<br />
<br />
To upgrade:<br />
<br />
* Download the ISO from the Mageia [http://mageia.org/7/ download page] and burn it on a DVD, or dump it on a USB stick. For more details, have a look at this [https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Installation_Media Available installation media article].<br />
* Boot the DVD and make sure it booted in the same mode (legacy/BIOS or UEFI) as Mageia 6 was installed in.<br />
* Select "Install Mageia 7" from the GRUB (the bootloader) menu.<br />
* Select the [http://doc.mageia.org/installer/7/en/content/selectInstallClass.html upgrade] option.<br />
<br />
'''It is recommended that the online repositories be set up during the upgrade as the DVD only includes a subset of the complete set of Mageia online repositories.'''<br />
This is especially important if you use important 32-bit packages in an otherwise 64-bit install, because the 64-bit ISO will only contain the 64-bit packages, so the upgrade is likely to fail if you do not add online repositories.<br />
<br />
Moreover, it is possible that a particular Mageia 6 installation may have received an update to a later version of software than that available on the ISO. When this happens, an upgrade may fail to complete. At the time the ISOs are tested, it is impossible to anticipate which Mageia 6 packages may be updated in the future, so offline upgrades (i.e., upgrades attempted without setting up the online repositories) are not supported. <br />
<br />
On the first reboot, use the command '{{cmd|urpmi --auto-update}}' to make [https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5687 sure] all packages were updated.<br />
<br />
= Known issues =<br />
<br />
See the [[Mageia_7_Errata|Errata page]].<br />
<br />
== Obsoleted packages ==<br />
<br />
get-skype is now obsolete, as the classic Skype versions for Linux ceased to be supported by Skype on 1 July 2017.<br />
There is a new web-based Skype version which may be installed directly from the Skype web site by selecting the rpm version<br />
[https://www.skype.com/en/download-skype/skype-for-linux/ here]. Note that only 64-bit systems are supported.<br />
<br />
cvsps version 2, which was last updated over ten years ago, is now obsolete. It was used by git-cvsimport from the git-cvs<br />
package. If you are performing a one-shot import of a CVS repository, consider using cvs-fast-export.<br />
<br />
== Bug reporting ==<br />
<br />
We have a [https://bugs.mageia.org/ bug tracker], but please read the [[Mageia_7_Errata| Errata]] before reporting any bugs. If you don't already have a Mageia account, you can create one on https://identity.mageia.org/. If you don't know, see [[Bugzilla#How-to_report_a_bug| how to report a bug]].<br />
<br />
== Device names changed for MMC devices ==<br />
<br />
By default, Mageia uses UUIDs for block-devices. It is possible that you deviated from the default and manually changed /etc/fstab to use device names for MMC block-devices. If so, you will have to change this from /dev/mmcblk0 to /dev/mmcblk1. This has changed in Linux kernel 4.14.<br />
<br />
== GNOME on Wayland and su - ==<br />
<br />
Some drak commands previously invoked from a "su -" root terminal no longer presents a user GUI interface, rather a ncurses interface.<br />
if this occurs, exit the ncurses interface, exit the root terminal and re-invoke as normal user terminal the drak command.<br />
a password popup will occur requesting root password and after correct password is entered, the expected GUI interface is presented.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mageia_development]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 7]]</div>Filiphttps://wiki.mageia.org/mw-en/index.php?title=Mageia_7_Development&diff=43850Mageia 7 Development2019-04-17T13:30:38Z<p>Filip: /* Development Schedule */ update after mga7b3</p>
<hr />
<div>{{multi language banner|[[Mageia 7 Entwicklungsplanung-de|Deutsch]] ; [[Mageia_7_Development|English]] ; [[Mageia_7_Développement-fr|Français]] ; [[Mageia_7_Desenvolvimento-pt|Portuguese (Portugal)]]}}<br />
<br />
<br />
This is the page for Mageia 7 development.<br />
<br />
== Current status ==<br />
<br />
Work on producing stable ISOs of the current Cauldron status is still ongoing, and progresses as human resources and free time permit.<br />
<br />
The estimated release dates listed hereafter are '''only indicative''', and are bound to change depending on the progress of fixing release blocker bugs.<br />
<br />
{{Note|We "Release when ready"!}}<br />
<br />
== Development Schedule ==<br />
{| style="color:black; cellpadding="5%" cellpadding="5%" cellspacing="0" border="1"<br />
! Stage <br />
! Estimated date <br />
! Public <br />
! Released on<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 1'''<br />
| 7. December 2018<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 20. December 2018<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 2'''<br />
| ~2 weeks after (21. December 2018)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 19. February 2019<br />
|- <br />
| '''Beta 3'''<br />
| a few weeks after release of [https://wiki.gnome.org/ThreePointThirtyone Gnome 3.32] (which is scheduled on 11. March 2019)<br />
| developers, packagers<br />
| 17. April 2019<br />
|- <br />
| Versions freeze<br />
| April 23rd<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| '''Release Candidate'''<br />
| May 6th - May 12th<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| Release freeze<br />
| May 13th<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|- <br />
| '''[[Mageia_7_Release_Notes|Final Release]]'''<br />
| May 20th - June 2nd ("when its ready")<br />
| developers, anyone<br />
| <br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Technical Specifications ==<br />
<br />
See [[FeatureMageia7_Review| Mageia 7 specifications]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mageia_development]]<br />
[[Category:Mageia 7]]</div>Filip